系统平台与计算环境 from Coursera

* "系统平台与计算环境"仅是"大学计算机"系列课程的第一部分，我们将在不久的未来推出“算法与C语言编程基础”，"大学计算机"系列课程的第二部分，敬请关注！*

计算机科学是研究抽象和自动计算的学科，涉及的理论知识众多。作为计算机科学的入门，“大学计算机”系列课程将从基础知识入手，循序渐进，帮助你在了解计算机系统整体结构和基本原理的基础上，具备“选择和利用各种已有工具软件解决问题的能力”和“编写程序解决一般专业问题的能力”。

本系列课程由“系统平台与计算环境（第一部分）”和“算法与C语言编程基础（第二部分）”两门课程构成。每门课程独立开设，既自成一体，又相互衔接，构成体系。本课程，即第一部分的内容，将涉及计算模型与信息表示、软硬件系统组成及工作原理、网络技术及应用、OFFICE基本操作等多个知识模块。本课程的学习目标是了解计算机软硬件系统组成、信息表示方法、网络技术等计算机学科的基础知识和基本操作技能；在未来我们将提供系列课程第二部分的学习目标，即学会编写简单的C语言控制台程序以及排序、查找等基本算法。

本课程是学习计算机的入门课程，无需信息技术方面的基础，但需要你会一些计算机的基本操作，比如：文字录入、通过网络获取信息（网络信息检索）等。

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欢迎

欢迎来到“大学计算机系列课程”的第一部分——系统平台与计算环境。这门课程的学习目标是了解计算机软硬件系统组成、信息表示方法、网络技术等计算机学科的基础知识和基本操作技能。希望通过了解计算机，建立和掌握利用计算机求解问题的基本思路和方法，能给你的学习，研究和生活带来无限的便利。

计算模型与计算机

通过这一个模块的学习，重点需要理解这几个重点内容：学习“大学计算机”课程的原因；计算机系统的概念结构。包括计算机系统的组成，主机系统中的主要部件。内存储器的组织结构和图灵模型的价值及它的工作过程。

信息表示与编码

本模块主要介绍了计算机中的信息表示和编码，希望你通过学习后能够回答这些问题：计算机为什么要采用二进制？计算机为什么还能够认识除数值以外的各种其他信息？字符在计算机中是如何表示的？既然计算机只认识二进制，为什么还要有其他计数制？计算机采用什么方法来表示数的符号？为什么要引入补码？模拟信号和数字信号的最主要的区别是什么？

现代计算机构造特征与基本原理

本模块从“逻辑”开始，重点介绍了从基本逻辑门到运算器的构造过程，以及冯•诺依曼结构。通过本模块的学习，你将能够进行简单的布尔代数运算，熟悉基本逻辑门，并能用基本逻辑门组合构造出常用的简单逻辑门电路。如：与非门、或非门、异或门、同或门等。并能了解触发器、半加器和全加器的基本工作原理。而且你将能够清楚冯•诺依曼计算机的基本工作过程，即程序是如何执行的。

操作系统基础

本模块介绍操作系统基础。学习完这一模块，希望你能理解为什么需要有操作系统，如果没有操作系统会怎样；什么是进程？为什么要有进程；最后，你将能够理解计算机对存储器是如何管理的，为什么希望有更大的内存。

计算机网络技术及应用

本模块将为你介绍与计算机网络相关的知识。在今天的信息化社会中，网络和计算机陪伴着我们的每一天。网络涉及的知识非常多，本章仅从应用的角度介绍一些网络的基本知识。重点希望能帮助你理解什么是网络的体系结构和协议；网络中的信息是如何传输的；Internet的接入方法；什么是MAC地址？什么是IP地址？什么是域名？它们之间有什么关系？另外，还有子网、网关等；Internet应用层的一些主要协议。

OFFICE基本操作详解

本模块介绍OFFICE的操作技能。学习的主要目标是熟练应用WORD、PowerPoint和Excel这三大工具软件。如果你对这些内容已经很熟悉，可以忽略它。对多数学习者来讲，通常能够用WORD进行基本文字编辑，或还能用PowerPoint制作简单的幻灯片。但这些工具软件通常会具有比你所了解的更强大的功能；同时，Excel电子表格软件更是财经、管理等专业的必修基础。因此，还是认真的学习一下，掌握这些工具软件更多的功能。

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本课程能帮助你构建一个了解计算机的基本思路和方法，并能在学习和生活中熟练应用，给你带来便利。

本课程由「系统平台与计算环境」和「算法与 C 语言编程基础」两门课程构成，系统衔接，学习目标明确。

本课程从基础知识入手，循序渐进，能帮助你理解计算机系统整体结构和基本原理。

本课程内容丰富，涵盖了计算模型、信息表示、软硬件系统组成及工作原理、网络技术及应用、OFFICE 基本操作等多个知识模块。

本课程由吴宁、陈文革、杨忠孝三位经验丰富的资深讲师联合授课。

本课程要求学习者具备一些计算机的基本操作技能，如文字录入、网络信息检索等。

Reviews summary

Thorough intro to computing concepts

This course titled "系统平台与计算环境" serves as an introduction to the basic concepts in computer science. The course covers topics such as the structure of computer systems, the representation of information, and networking technologies. Students have reported that the course is well-organized and has a clear structure. While some students have raised concerns about the quality of the content, overall, the course is seen as a valuable resource for beginners in computer science.

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Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in 系统平台与计算环境 with these activities:

计算机系统基础知识练习

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通过练习巩固对计算机系统组成、存储原理、外设设备等基础知识的理解。

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Career center

Learners who complete 系统平台与计算环境 will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:

Software Engineer

The Software Engineer designs, builds, deploys, and maintains software applications. This course helps build a foundation in计算机科学 by introducing topics like calculating models and computing information. It also delves into software systems and networking technology.

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Computer Systems Analyst

Computer Systems Analysts study how computer systems are used within an organization and develop plans to improve the effectiveness of those systems. This course provides a foundation in计算机科学 by introducing topics such as computing models, information representation, and networking technology.

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Information Security Analyst

Information Security Analysts plan and implement security measures to protect an organization's computer networks and systems. This course helps build a foundation in计算机科学 by introducing topics such as network technology, information representation, and coding.

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Data Scientist

Data Scientists use scientific methods, processes, algorithms, and systems to extract knowledge and insights from data in various forms, both structured and unstructured. This course may be useful in providing a foundation in计算机科学, including information representation, coding, and network technology.

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Web Developer

Web Developers design and develop websites. This course may be useful in providing a foundation in计算机科学, with an emphasis on network technology and web applications.

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Computer Programmer

Computer Programmers write and test code that allows computer applications and software programs to run. This course may be useful in providing a foundation in计算机科学, including information representation and coding.

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Database Administrator

Database Administrators maintain and administer databases. This course may be useful in providing a foundation in计算机科学, with an emphasis on information representation and storage.

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Network Administrator

Network Administrators maintain and administer computer networks. This course may be useful in providing a foundation in计算机科学, with an emphasis on network technology.

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Systems Administrator

Systems Administrators maintain and administer computer systems. This course may be useful in providing a foundation in计算机科学, with an emphasis on operating systems and system administration.

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Computer Support Specialist

Computer Support Specialists provide technical support to computer users. This course may be useful in providing a foundation in计算机科学, with an emphasis on troubleshooting and problem-solving.

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IT Project Manager

IT Project Managers plan and manage IT projects. This course may be useful in providing a foundation in计算机科学, with an emphasis on project management.

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IT Consultant

IT Consultants provide consulting services to organizations on how to use IT to improve their business. This course may be useful in providing a foundation in计算机科学, with an emphasis on business analysis and consulting.

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IT Auditor

IT Auditors evaluate the security and efficiency of IT systems. This course may be useful in providing a foundation in计算机科学, with an emphasis on security and auditing.

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IT Security Specialist

IT Security Specialists protect computer networks and systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction. This course may be useful in providing a foundation in计算机科学, with an emphasis on security.

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系统平台与计算环境

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Thorough intro to computing concepts

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