Selenium Python - Step by Step for Beginners with Framework

How to install Python on Windows

Step by Step for Beginners

Today we will learn:

1. Check if Python is already installed

2. Download Python

3. Install Python

4. Validate if Python is installed properly

5. How to uninstall python

Step 1 : Check if python is already installed

python --version

Step 2 : Download Python - https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/

Step 3 : Install Python

Step 4 : Add Python to Path environment variable (if not already added)

Step 5 : Check if Python and Pip are installed

python --version

pip --version

How to Uninstall or Repair Python

References:

https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/installing/

by : Raghav Pal

How to install Python on MacOS

Step by Step for Beginners

Today we will learn:

1. Check if Python is already installed

2. Download Python

3. Install Python

4. Validate if Python is installed properly

5. How to uninstall python

Step 1 : Check if python is already available

Step 2 : Download and install python
https://www.python.org/downloads/

Step 3 : Check if python is installed properly

python --version

pip --version

In case pip is not installed

 sudo easy_install pip

How to uninstall Python

Follow steps in video

by : Raghav Pal

How to install Selenium for Python

Step by Step for Beginners

Today we will learn:

1. How to install Selenium 

2. How to uninstall Selenium

by : Raghav Pal

IDE for Python : PyCharm

Step by Step for Beginners

What is IDE 

Integrated Development Environment

Why we need IDE

Structure
Auto-completion
Debugging
Management

IDE for Python : PyDev

How to install PyDev in Eclipse

Step by Step for Beginners

Step 1 : Eclipse > Help > Eclipse Marketplace

Search for PyDev

Install Pydev and restart Eclipse

Step 2 : Eclipse > Help > Install New Software

  Pydev - http://www.pydev.org/updates

Restart Eclipse 

Step 3 : Goto File > New > Others > Pydev Project

Configure python interpreter

Step 4 : Add python module and write python code

First Selenium Python test

Today we will : 

1. Create a new project in PyCharm

2. Add Selenium scripts

3. Add Browser driver

4. Run and Validate

   
   

pip install -U selenium

CODE

import time

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome("../drivers/chromedriver.exe")

driver.set_page_load_timeout(10)

driver.get("https://google.com")

driver.find_element_by_name("q").send_keys("Automation step by step")

driver.find_element_by_name("btnK").click()

time.sleep(2)

driver.close()

driver.quit()

print("Test Completed")

Selenium Python testing on Chrome

Step by Step

Today we will : 

1. How to run test on Chrome 

2. How to run test on Headless Chrome

3. How to set Chrome Options

   
   

For headless chrome

Chrome browser v59+

ChromeDriver v.2.38+

CODE

from selenium import webdriver

from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

# chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()

chrome_options = Options()

chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")

chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")

driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options, executable_path="../drivers/chromedriver.exe")

driver.get("https://google.com")

print(driver.title)

driver.find_element_by_name("q").send_keys("Automation step by step")

driver.find_element_by_name("btnK").click()

print(driver.title)

driver.close()

driver.quit()

print("Completed")

REFERENCES

http://www.assertselenium.com/java/list-of-chrome-driver-command-line-arguments/

Selenium Python testing on Firefox

Today we will : 

1. How to run test on Firefox

2. How to run test on Headless Firefox

3. How to set Firefox Options

CODE

from selenium import webdriver

import time

from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

firefox_options = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()

firefox_options.add_argument("--headless")

path = "../drivers/geckodriver.exe"

driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=path, firefox_options=firefox_options)

driver.get("https://google.com")

driver.find_element_by_name("q").send_keys("Automation step by step")

time.sleep(2)

driver.find_element_by_name("btnK").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)

time.sleep(2)

print(driver.title)

driver.close()

driver.quit()

https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/dotnet/html/T_OpenQA_Selenium_Firefox_FirefoxOptions.htm

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42529853/list-of-firefox-and-chrome-arguments-preferences

Selenium Python testing on IE

Step by Step

Today we will learn :

1. How to run test on Internet Explorer

2. How to set Desired Capabilities

   
   

CODE

from selenium import webdriver

caps = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.INTERNETEXPLORER

caps['ignoreProtectedModeSettings'] = True

path = "../drivers/IEDriverServer.exe"

driver = webdriver.Ie(executable_path=path, desired_capabilities=caps)

driver.get("https://google.com")

driver.find_element_by_name("q").send_keys("Abcd")

driver.find_element_by_name("btnK").click()

driver.quit()

print("Completed")

REFERENCES

http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/index.html

https://www.seleniumhq.org/download/

https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/DesiredCapabilities

Selenium Python | How to find web elements

Today we will learn :

How to find web elements on web page
---------------------------------------------

Functions in Selenium to find Web Elements
---------------------------------------------

Some Plugins
---------------------------------------------

Useful Tips

---------------------------------------------

Functions to find web element

• find_element_by_id

• find_element_by_name

• find_element_by_class_name

• find_element_by_css_selector

• find_element_by_tag_name

• find_element_by_link_text

• find_element_by_partial_link_text

• find_element_by_xpath
  

Functions to find web elements (list of elements)

• find_elements_by_id

• find_elements_by_name

• find_elements_by_class_name

• find_elements_by_css_selector

• find_elements_by_tag_name

• find_elements_by_link_text

• find_elements_by_partial_link_text

• find_elements_by_xpath

  
  

References:

https://www.w3schools.com/xml/xpath_syntax.asp

https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_id.asp

1. Basics

2. Variables

3. Syntax

4. Function

5. CommandLine

6. Comments

7. Numbers

8. Strings

9. Input

How to create Classes

How to create Functions

How to create Objects for class

Basic functions

Python Programming | Basics | Collections

Step by Step

LISTS

There are 4 Collection data types in Python

List  |  Tuple  |  Set  |  Dictionary

List    []      ordered | indexed | changeable | duplicates

Tuple   ()     ordered | indexed | unchangeable | duplicates

Set     {}      unordered | unindexed | no duplicates

Dictionary  {K:V} unordered | changeable | indexed | no duplicates

CODE - List

my_list = ["Tokyo", "London", "New York"]

print(my_list)

print(my_list[2])

my_list[2] = "New Delhi"

print(my_list)

for val in my_list:

    print(val)

print(len(my_list))

my_list.append("Boston")

print(my_list)

my_list.insert(4,"Durham")

print(my_list)

my_list.remove("Tokyo")

print(my_list)

my_list.pop(1)

print(my_list)

del my_list[1]

print(my_list)

my_list.clear()

print(my_list)

fruits = ["apples", "oranges", "cherry"]

print(fruits)

fruits.reverse()

print(fruits)

my_list_2 = ["apples", 1,2,3.0]

my_list_3 = ["apples", [1,2,3], ['a','b','c']]

print(my_list_3[1][1])

Python Programming | Basics | Collections

Step by Step

SETS

There are 4 Collection data types in Python

List  |  Tuple  |  Set  |  Dictionary

List    []      ordered | indexed | changeable | duplicates

Tuple   ()     ordered | indexed | unchangeable | duplicates

Set     {}      unordered | unindexed | no duplicates

Dictionary  {K:V} unordered | changeable | indexed | no duplicates

Code - Sets

my_set = {"Chalk", "Duster", "Board"}

print(my_set)

for x in my_set:

    print(x)

print("Chalk" in my_set)

my_set.add("Pen")

print(my_set)

my_set.update(["Pencil", "Eraser"])

print(my_set)

len(my_set)

my_set.remove("Pencil")

print(my_set)

my_set.discard("Pen")

print(my_set)

# my_set.remove("Pencil")

my_set.discard("Pen")

my_set.pop()

my_set.clear()

print(my_set)

del my_set

my_set_2  = {"Apples", 1,2, (3,4,5)}

print(my_set_2)

my_list = [1,2,3]

print(my_list)

my_set_3 = set(my_list)

print(my_set_3)

# UNION | INTERSECTION | DIFF | SYMMETRIC DIFF

A = {'A', 'B', 1, 2, 3}

B = {'B', 'C', 3, 4, 5}

print(A.union(B))

print(A | B)

print(A.intersection(B))

print(A & B)

print(A.difference(B))

print(A - B)

print(A.symmetric_difference(B))

print(A ^ B)

Python Programming | Basics | Collections

Step by Step

DICTIONARY

There are 4 Collection data types in Python

List  |  Tuple  |  Set  |  Dictionary

List    []      ordered | indexed | changeable | duplicates

Tuple   ()     ordered | indexed | unchangeable | duplicates

Set     {}      unordered | unindexed | no duplicates

Dictionary  {K:V} unordered | changeable | indexed | no duplicates

Code - Dictionary

my_dict = {

    "class" :   "animal",

    "name"  :   "giraffe",

    "age"   :   10

}

print(my_dict)

print(my_dict["name"])

print(my_dict.get("name"))

print(my_dict.values())

for x in my_dict:

    print(my_dict[x])

for x,y in my_dict.items():

    print(x, y)

my_dict["name"] = "elephant"

print(my_dict)

my_dict["color"] = "grey"

print(my_dict)

my_dict.pop("color")

print(my_dict)

my_dict.popitem()

print(my_dict)

del my_dict["class"]

print(my_dict)

my_dict.clear()

print(my_dict)

del my_dict

Selenium Python Unit Testing Demo

Step by Step

Today we will learn:

1. How to create Selenium unit tests
   

2. Command-line execution
   

References

https://docs.python.org/3/library/unittest.html#unittest.TestCase.debug

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1322575/what-numbers-can-you-pass-as-verbosity-in-running-python-unit-test-suites

Selenium Python - How to create HTML REPORT

Step by Step

Today we will learn:

1. How to install HTMLTestRunner
   

2. How to generate html reports for Selenium unit tests
   
   

Step 1 : Install Html Test Runner

pip install -U html-testRunner

Step 2 : Add HTML Test runner in unit test file

Sample Code:

import unittest

from selenium import webdriver

import HtmlTestRunner

class MyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):

    @classmethod

    def setUpClass(cls):

        cls.driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="../drivers/chromedriver.exe")

        cls.driver.implicitly_wait(10)

        cls.driver.maximize_window()

    def test_search_1(self):

        self.driver.get("http://google.com")

        self.driver.find_element_by_name("q").send_keys("Automation step by step")

        self.driver.find_element_by_name("btnK").click()

        x = self.driver.title

        print(x)

        self.assertEqual(x, "Automation step by step - Google Search")

    def test_search_2(self):

        self.driver.get("http://google.com")

        self.driver.find_element_by_name("q").send_keys("Raghav Pal")

        self.driver.find_element_by_name("btnK").click()

        x = self.driver.title

        print(x)

        self.assertEqual(x, "Raghav Pal - Google Search")

    @unittest.skip("This is a skipped test.")

    def test_skip(self):

        """ This test should be skipped. """

    @classmethod

    def tearDownClass(cls):

        cls.driver.close()

        cls.driver.quit()

if __name__ == '__main__':

    unittest.main(testRunner=HtmlTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(output='C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/Selenium/reports'),verbosity=2)

Selenium Python - How to view REPORTS in PyCharm

Step by Step

Today we will learn:

1. How to view and export unit test results in PyCharm HTML
   

References:

https://www.jetbrains.com/help/idea/test-runner-tab.html

Selenium Python - WAITS

Step by Step

Today we will learn:

Why to use waits in Selenium

What are Implicit & Explicit waits

How to use Implicit and Explicit waits

Why are waits required:

• All elements on a web page may not load at the same time

• Required for websites using Ajax and Javascript

• To avoid ElementNotVisible exception from Selenium

Selenium web driver has 2 types of waits

Implicit - poll the DOM for a specific duration to locate an element 500ms until timeout

10 sec - 

Explicit - waits for a certain condition to occur before proceeding with next step

Sample Code : 

from selenium import webdriver

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import  WebDriverWait

from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException

driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="../drivers/chromedriver.exe")

# Implicit Waits

# driver.implicitly_wait(10)

driver.get("https://google.com")

driver.find_element_by_name("q").send_keys("Automation")

wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)

try:

    element = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.NAME,"btnK1")))

    print("element is clickable")

except TimeoutException:

    print("element is not clickable")

    exit(1)

element.click()

# driver.find_element_by_name("btnK").click()

print("Test Completed")

driver.close()

driver.quit()

References:

https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/ExpectedConditions.html

https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/dotnet/html/T_OpenQA_Selenium_Support_UI_ExpectedConditions.htm

Selenium Python

Sample Project

1. Create a test for Google Search

2. Add implicit wait of 10 sec

3. Maximise window

4. Create Unit Tests

5. Add HTML reporting library

6. Run from command line

Code:

from selenium import webdriver

import unittest

import HtmlTestRunner

class GoogleSearch(unittest.TestCase):

    @classmethod

    def setUpClass(cls):

        cls.driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='../drivers/chromedriver.exe')

        cls.driver.implicitly_wait(10)

        cls.driver.maximize_window()

    def test_search_automationstepbystep(self):

        self.driver.get("https://google.com")

        self.driver.find_element_by_name("q").send_keys("Automation Step by Step")

        self.driver.find_element_by_name("btnK").click()

    def test_search_raghav(self):

        self.driver.get("https://google.com")

        self.driver.find_element_by_name("q").send_keys("Raghav Pal")

        self.driver.find_element_by_name("btnK1").click()

    @classmethod

    def tearDownClass(cls):

        cls.driver.close()

        cls.driver.quit()

        print("Test Completed")

if __name__ == '__main__':

    unittest.main(testRunner=HtmlTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(output='C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/Selenium/reports'))

Selenium Python - Page Object Model (POM)

Step by Step

Today we will learn:

1. 1. What is POM

   2. Why to use POM

   3. How to implement POM in selenium python project

   4. Practical Hands-On

https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/

What is POM:

It is a process where we create a class for each page of the application

This page contains the element locators for that page and action methods.

• POM stands for Page Object Model
  

• Page Object refers to the objects of the web page (section) that our test is interacting with
  

• In POM we create separate classes for storing all objects and the actions to be taken on that objects
  
  Locators and methods are kept separate from test scripts
  

• This helps in
  - maintenance
  - less rework
  - better & understandable code
  - In case of changes, fix needs to be done at one place only
  - avoids duplicate code
  - stable and reusable

  
  

Step 1 : Create 2 folders : Tests, Pages

Step 2 : Create a simple test 

Step 3 : Convert to unit test

Step 4 : Implement Page Object Model
Identify all objects and actions methods on the page and create a class for each web page

Step 5 : Import the page classes in the test class

Step 6 : Create object for page classes to access methods and create the tests

Step 7 : Run & Validate

Selenium Python

Small Sample Project 

(POM | Unit Test | HTML Reports)

Step by Step

We will do this hands-on:

1. 1. Create a simple login test

   2. Implement unit testing

   3. Implement Page Object Model

   4. Separate test scripts and objects

   5. Create a separate class for Locators

   6. Run from command line

   7. Add HTML Reports

Python

IDE - PyCharm

Python lib - selenium

                        Html test runner

https://pypi.org/project/selenium/

https://pypi.org/project/html-testRunner/

https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/

for reference

# import sys

# import os

# sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", ".."))

Selenium Python  | PyTest

Today we will learn:

What is PyTest
—————————————————
How to install PyTest
—————————————————
How to use PyTest with Selenium scripts
—————————————————
How to run tests using PyTest
—————————————————

test_*.py

*_test.py

Note

File name :  test_*.py or *_test.py

Class name should start with Test

https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/contents.html

1. Create a simple test script

2. Install Pytest
   pip install -U pytest
   pytest --version

3. Rename python file to add test_

4. Create 3 methods: setup, test, teardown

5. Run from terminal
   python -m pytest
   py.test
   pytest
   pytest filename
   pytest -v

Fixtures - used to manage tests in PyTest

Function

Class

Module

Session

Note

File name :  test_*.py or *_test.py

Class name should start with Test

https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/contents.html

PyTest | How to skip tests

How to skip

How to skip with condition (skip)

How to deselect test

@pytest.mark.skip

@pytest.mark.skip(reason=“”)

pytest -v -rxs

pytest -k funcName -v

@pytest.mark.name

pytest -m name

https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/skipping.html

Allure Reports 

Selenium Python

Today we will learn:

What is allure report

How to install allure report

How to generate allure reports with pytest

http://allure.qatools.ru/

https://docs.qameta.io/allure/

pip install allure-pytest

pytest --alluredir=/tmp/my_allure_results

allure serve /tmp/my_allure_results

How to integrate PyCharm with GitHub

How to use PyCharm with GitHub

Today we will learn:

1. How to create GitHub repository

2. How to integrate GitHub with PyCharm

3. Upload Project on GitHub

4. Push, Pull, Manage with GitHub VCS

References

https://www.jetbrains.com/help/pycharm/manage-projects-hosted-on-github.html

How to run from command line

python filename

py.test

py.test filename

pytest

pytest filename

pytest -v

python -m pytest

How to run from Jenkins

Python Selenium

Today we will learn:

Install & Setup Jenkins

Create Jenkins Job

Run & Validate

Pycharm

How to create a virtual environment for a project

What is Python virtual environment (venv)
_________________________________________________

Create a new project with separate virtual env
_________________________________________________

How to change python interpreter for the project
_________________________________________________

How to create a new virtual env
_________________________________________________

How to add packages in a virtual env
_________________________________________________

References

https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html