Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos from Coursera

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Syllabus

Los desastres

¿Qué son los desastres? Este es el tema central al que te abocarás esta semana. Los desastres pueden tomar muchas formas. Algunos de ellos son naturales, como un tornado, una inundación o un incendio. Otros son consecuencia de las acciones de los seres humanos, como los atentados terroristas. Nos interesan los desastres porque como eventos de alto impacto pueden causar consecuencias negativas en la salud física y mental de las personas afectadas. Conocer sobre los posibles desastres también puede ayudar para que las comunidades intenten tener una preparación.

Los trastornos mentales y los desastres

En esta semana explorarás cómo, naturalmente, los desastres pueden tener un impacto negativo en el ser humano a corto, mediano o largo plazo. Uno de los desenlaces de los desastres es que pueden desencadenar en el ser humano un tipo de malestar, llamado trastorno mental. Los trastornos mentales han sido estudiados por largo tiempo y pueden pensarse como la contraparte de los trastornos físicos o médicos comunes, ya que pueden provocar un grado de sufrimiento o deterioro de la vida diaria de las personas. Actualmente, existen dos clasificaciones de los trastornos mentales que son muy relevantes para la clínica y la investigación psicológicas. Por una parte, el Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales (DSM-5) , por otra, la Clasificación internacional de enfermedades, que es una publicación de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Dentro de esos manuales encontramos algunos de los trastornos más frecuentes provocados por los desastres, por ejemplo, el trastorno de estrés postraumático, la depresión y la ansiedad generalizada.

Tratamientos para trastornos mentales vinculados a desastres

La semana anterior aprendiste qué son los trastornos mentales y dos sistemas de clasificación de estos. En esta semana verás que hay tratamientos para ayudar a las personas que han sufrido impactos psicológicos negativos y que mucho tiempo después permanecen con malestar psicológico persistente.

Primeros auxilios psicológicos

En esta semana explorarás el concepto de “primeros auxilios psicológicos” o primera ayuda psicológica (PAP), considerándolos como un modo de asistir y rescatar a las personas afectadas por desastres en los momentos iniciales de esa situación. Es algo que se hace en el terreno con la persona afectada. Como modo de asistencia a las personas afectadas por desastres, la PAP tiene el respaldo de importantes y reconocidas instituciones a nivel mundial, como la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte o el Instituto Nacional de la Salud Mental de EE. UU. La PAP puede ser ofrecida inclusive por personas sin formación académica universitaria profesional en Psicología, Medicina o carreras afines, pero formadas en la PAP. La PAP puede considerarse como un tipo de rescate humano y racional destinado a las personas afectadas por desastres de modo que permita prevenir o reducir los efectos psicológicos negativos desencadenados por los desastres y prevenir los trastornos mentales a corto, mediano y a largo plazo.

Good to know

Know what's good

, what to watch for

, and possible dealbreakers

Puede ayudar a quienes interactúan con personas afectadas por desastres, como psicólogos rescatistas

Está respaldada por organizaciones como la OMS y el Instituto Nacional de la Salud Mental de EE. UU

Es aplicable tanto por profesionales como por personas sin formación profesional universitaria en Psicología o carreras afines

Busca prevenir o reducir los efectos psicológicos negativos desencadenados por los desastres y prevenir trastornos mentales

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos with these activities:

Revise basic psychology and first aid principles

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Reviewing psychological theory and first aid principles can broaden the understanding of key first aid concepts.

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Review textbooks and read psychology journals
Enroll in an online refresher course

Practice providing first aid and psychological support to family and friends

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Practicing with people you know can provide valuable feedback and reinforce skills.

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Involve family or friends and explain the purpose of the practice
Create scenarios and provide first aid and psychological support
Ask for feedback and reflect on areas for improvement

Revise stress disorders

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Refresh your knowledge on stress disorders to strengthen your understanding of their impact in disaster situations.

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Re-read the DSM-5 criteria for stress disorders.
Review case studies of individuals who have experienced stress disorders in the aftermath of disasters.
Summarize the key symptoms and treatment options for stress disorders.

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Learn first aid techniques

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Enhance your practical skills by following tutorials and practicing first aid techniques, which are essential for providing immediate assistance in disaster situations.

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Enroll in an online first aid course.
Watch video tutorials on basic first aid maneuvers.
Practice applying first aid techniques on a mannequin or with a partner.

Explore online tutorials and resources on first aid and psychological support

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Exploring online tutorials provides additional learning opportunities and solidifies course concepts.

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Search for reliable and reputable sources
Choose tutorials that align with the course content
Follow the tutorials and complete any exercises or assessments

Join study groups

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Enhance your learning by engaging in discussions, sharing perspectives, and working together with peers to explore course concepts.

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Form a study group with classmates or fellow learners.
Meet regularly to discuss course materials, ask questions, and clarify understanding.
Work together on assignments or projects to leverage collective knowledge.

Write a blog or article about a psychological aspect of first aid

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Creating content about the psychological aspects of first aid reinforces the understanding of the topic.

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Choose a specific psychological aspect to focus on
Research and gather information
Write the blog or article

Join or start a study group for discussing course material

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Engaging with peers allows for exchanging perspectives and reinforcing knowledge.

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Identify or create a study group
Meet regularly to discuss course material
Collaborate on assignments and projects

Role-play providing first aid and psychological support

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Role-playing allows the application of skills learned in the course and provides valuable feedback from others.

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Form teams and assign roles
Simulate different scenarios and provide first aid and psychological support
Debrief and provide feedback

Develop a disaster preparedness plan

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Solidify your understanding of disaster preparedness by creating a comprehensive plan that outlines steps to take before, during, and after a disaster.

Browse courses on Disaster Preparedness

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Research different types of disasters and their potential impacts.
Identify and assess potential risks and vulnerabilities in your area.
Develop a plan that includes evacuation procedures, emergency contacts, and a supply kit.

Develop a disaster preparedness plan that includes psychological support

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Creating a disaster preparedness plan reinforces the knowledge gained in the course.

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Identify potential hazards and risks
Develop a plan for providing first aid and psychological support
Consider psychological needs and provide resources for emotional support
Review and update the plan regularly

Simulate disaster scenarios

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Deepen your understanding and enhance your ability to respond effectively by participating in simulated disaster scenarios.

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Join a disaster simulation group or exercise.
Participate in drills that simulate different types of disasters, such as earthquakes or floods.
Analyze and evaluate the outcomes of the simulation exercises.

Create a presentation on a selected psychological issue and its impact on disaster survivors

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Creating a presentation enhances understanding of psychological issues experienced by disaster survivors

Browse courses on Psychology

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Choose a topic and research relevant literature
Develop an outline and structure the presentation
Create visual aids and practice delivering the presentation

Support disaster relief organizations

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Gain practical experience and contribute to community well-being by volunteering with organizations involved in disaster relief.

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Research and identify disaster relief organizations in your area.
Contact the organizations to inquire about volunteer opportunities.
Participate in disaster relief activities, such as assisting with cleanup efforts or providing support to affected individuals.

Volunteer with a local first aid or disaster response organization

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Volunteering provides practical experience and reinforces the psychological aspects of first aid.

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Identify local organizations and contact them
Submit an application and pass any necessary screenings
Attend training and orientation sessions
Participate in disaster response or provide first aid support

Career center

Learners who complete Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:

Firefighter

Firefighters help to protect people and property from fires. They may also be called upon to assist with other emergencies, such as floods, earthquakes, and hurricanes. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos can be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

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Military Officer

Military officers lead and supervise soldiers in the military. They may also be called upon to assist with other emergencies, such as natural disasters and terrorist attacks. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos may be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

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Public Health Nurse

Public health nurses provide health education and care to individuals, families, and communities. They may also be called upon to assist with other emergencies, such as floods, earthquakes, and hurricanes. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos can be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

See salaries and explore the career path for Public Health Nurse

Disaster Relief Specialist

Disaster relief specialists provide assistance to people who have been impacted by disasters. They may work with individuals, families, and communities to provide food, shelter, and other essential services. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos can be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

See salaries and explore the career path for Disaster Relief Specialist

Police Officer

Police officers help to protect people and property. They may also be called upon to assist with other emergencies, such as floods, earthquakes, and hurricanes. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos can be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

See salaries and explore the career path for Police Officer

Crisis Intervention Specialist

Crisis intervention specialists provide support and assistance to people who are experiencing a crisis. They may work in a variety of settings, including hospitals, emergency rooms, and community mental health centers. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos can be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

See salaries and explore the career path for Crisis Intervention Specialist

Teacher

Teachers help students learn and grow. They may also be called upon to assist with other emergencies, such as active shooter situations and natural disasters. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos can be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

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Healthcare Administrator

Healthcare administrators plan, organize, and direct the delivery of healthcare services. They may also be called upon to assist with other emergencies, such as pandemics and natural disasters. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos can be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

See salaries and explore the career path for Healthcare Administrator

Correctional Officer

Correctional officers supervise and care for inmates in prisons and jails. They may also be called upon to assist with other emergencies, such as riots and hostage situations. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos may be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

See salaries and explore the career path for Correctional Officer

Counselor

Counselors work with all ages to help them with mental and emotional issues. They help people overcome problems and make better life decisions. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos can be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

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Paramedic

Paramedics are advanced emergency medical technicians who are trained to provide more advanced medical care. They may work in a variety of settings, including ambulances, fire trucks, and helicopters. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos may be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

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Human Resources Manager

Human resources managers oversee the hiring, training, and development of employees. They may also be called upon to assist with other emergencies, such as layoffs and workplace violence. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos can be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

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Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)

Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) provide medical care to people who are experiencing a medical emergency. They may work in a variety of settings, including ambulances, fire trucks, and police cars. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos can be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

See salaries and explore the career path for Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)

Social Worker

Social workers help people overcome social and economic challenges. They work with individuals, families, groups, and communities to provide support and resources. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos may be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

See salaries and explore the career path for Social Worker

Psychologist

Psychologists help people understand and manage their mental health. They use a variety of techniques, including therapy, counseling, and medication, to help people overcome mental health challenges. The course on Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos may be useful in this role, as it provides an understanding of the psychological effects of disasters and other traumatic events, and how to provide support to people who have been impacted by these events.

See salaries and explore the career path for Psychologist

Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos

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