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Eric Meloche, Ph.D.

This course covers torque, center of mass, rigid bodies in equilibrium, and the stability of objects. The course is a mix of lectures and problem solving tutorials. Students will learn to how to calculate torque, how to evaluate the center of mass of systems of particles and objects with uniform density. I will teach you how to approach problems and help you develop your own problem solving strategies to become a better problem solver.

Part 1: Torque

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This course covers torque, center of mass, rigid bodies in equilibrium, and the stability of objects. The course is a mix of lectures and problem solving tutorials. Students will learn to how to calculate torque, how to evaluate the center of mass of systems of particles and objects with uniform density. I will teach you how to approach problems and help you develop your own problem solving strategies to become a better problem solver.

Part 1: Torque

  • What is torque?
  • Understand how torque is different from forces
  • Calculate torque using 3 different techniques (standard methods, force components, and moment arms)
  • Several example problems to practice

Part 2: Center of Mass

  • Learn how to find the center of mass of symmetric objects
  • Calculating the center of mass of systems of particles in 1D, 2D, and 3D.
  • Practice problems

Part 3: Static Equilibrium

  • Conditions for Static Equilibrium
  • Problem solving strategies
  • Picking the right pivot location
  • Several example problems to practice the problem solving techniques.

Part 4: Various Problem Section

  • Practice solving Torque and center of mass problems and compare your answers to those of Physics Ninja
  • Section contains conceptual questions and algebraic questions ranging from easy to very challenging.

If at any point you don't understand something in my videos please feel free to reach out. I'm always willing to help someone learn. Physics Ninja always has your back.

Happy Learning

Dr. E., Physics Ninja and Expert Physics and Math Teacher.

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What's inside

Learning objective

How to calculate torque, center of mass, and solve equilibrium problems

Syllabus

Introduction
In this section you'll learn 3 different methods to calculate the torque produced by a force
Introduction: Force vs Torque
Torque Definition: F and r are perpendicular
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Torque: Magnitude and Direction
Calculating the Net Torque
General Definition of Torque: Part 1
General Definition of Torque: Part 2
Understanding Sin(theta)
Example Problem: Comparing Torques
Example Problem: Swinging Door
Center of Mass
Introduction: Center of Mass
Where is the Center of Mass?
Center of Mass for 2 particles
Example: Calculate the position of the center of mass
Example 2: Center of mass of sphere and rod system
Center of Mass in 2 and 3 Dimensions
Example: Masses on an Equilateral Triangle
Example Problem: Rectangular Metal Frame
Static Equilibrium
Introduction to Static Equilibrium
Examples of Static Equilibrium
Example: Concept Check
Example Problem: Seesaw Father and Daughter
Choice of pivot point
Center of Gravity
Center of Gravity (cont)
Example: Torque on a Ladder due to Gravity
Problem Solving Strategy
Which Free Body Diagram is Correct?
Example Problem: Ladder Against a Wall
Example Problem Solution: Ladder Against a Wall
Example: Student Center of Mass Problem
Example Problem: Tension in the Spring Scale
Example: Three Spoke Wheel
Example: Horizontal Beam Problem
Stability
Introduction to Stability
Stability and Torque due to Gravity
Examples of Stable and Unstable Equilibrium
Book on a table: Stable or Unstable?
Problems and Solutions
Problem 1: Finding the net torque
Problem 2: Comparing torques
Problem 3: Center of Mass of Rectangle with Missing Piece
Problem 4: Torque and the square
Problem 5a: Finding Tension and Reaction Forces
Problem 5b: Finding Tension and Reaction Forces
Problem 6: Physics Ninja Walking on a Beam
Problem 7: Reaction Forces of Beam against a Wall
Problem 8: Claw Hammer Pulling a Nail
Problem 9: Pulling a Wheel Onto a Curb
Problem 10: The Book Stacking Problem
Problem 11: Forces Acting on 2 Marbles in a Jar
Problem 12: Designing of a Decorative Mobile
Problem 13: Center of Mass of a Square Plate with a Cut Out

Good to know

Know what's good
, what to watch for
, and possible dealbreakers
Breaks down torque calculation into three distinct techniques, offering learners multiple approaches to master this fundamental concept
Includes numerous example problems, ranging from easy to challenging, allowing learners to practice and refine their skills
Offers guidance on problem-solving strategies, including how to pick the right pivot location, which is crucial for equilibrium problems
Features a section dedicated to various problems, including conceptual and algebraic questions, to solidify understanding
Includes a section on stability, covering stable and unstable equilibrium, which is often a challenging topic for introductory students
Presents a comprehensive set of problems with solutions, covering a wide range of scenarios related to torque, center of mass, and equilibrium

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Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Physics 100: Torque and Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies with these activities:
Review Basic Trigonometry
Reinforce your understanding of trigonometric functions (sine, cosine, tangent) and their applications in solving for angles and sides of triangles, as these are essential for torque calculations.
Browse courses on Trigonometry
Show steps
  • Review trigonometric ratios (SOH CAH TOA).
  • Practice solving right triangle problems.
  • Understand the unit circle and trigonometric functions for all angles.
Review 'Physics for Scientists and Engineers'
Deepen your understanding of the fundamental concepts of torque and equilibrium by reviewing relevant chapters in a standard physics textbook.
Show steps
  • Read the chapters on torque, center of mass, and static equilibrium.
  • Work through the example problems provided in the book.
  • Attempt the end-of-chapter problems to test your understanding.
Torque Calculation Practice
Improve your ability to quickly and accurately calculate torque in various scenarios, including different force application points and angles.
Browse courses on Torque
Show steps
  • Solve a variety of torque problems with varying force angles and distances.
  • Practice problems involving multiple torques acting on a single object.
  • Check your answers against solutions and identify areas for improvement.
Three other activities
Expand to see all activities and additional details
Show all six activities
Create a Torque and Equilibrium Tutorial
Solidify your understanding of torque and equilibrium by creating a tutorial (video, written guide, or presentation) explaining the concepts and problem-solving techniques to others.
Browse courses on Torque
Show steps
  • Choose a specific aspect of torque or equilibrium to focus on.
  • Develop a clear and concise explanation of the concept.
  • Create example problems and solutions to illustrate the concept.
  • Present your tutorial in a clear and engaging manner.
Design a Balanced Mobile
Apply your knowledge of torque, center of mass, and equilibrium to design and build a physical mobile that remains balanced.
Browse courses on Equilibrium
Show steps
  • Plan the design of your mobile, including the number of elements and their approximate weights.
  • Calculate the required distances and weights to achieve equilibrium.
  • Build the mobile and make adjustments as needed to ensure balance.
  • Document your design process and calculations.
Review 'Statics and Mechanics of Materials'
Explore the applications of torque and equilibrium in structural engineering by reviewing relevant sections in a statics textbook.
Show steps
  • Read the chapters on equilibrium of rigid bodies and structural analysis.
  • Examine the examples of how these concepts are applied in engineering design.
  • Solve practice problems related to structural equilibrium.

Career center

Learners who complete Physics 100: Torque and Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:
Structural Engineer
The primary responsibility of a structural engineer is to design structures that can withstand the loads and forces they will be subjected to. This field includes analysis of buildings, bridges, and other structures. The course's focus on torque, center of mass, and static equilibrium directly applies to calculating the stability and strength of structures. A structural engineer needs a deep understanding of how forces and torques act on rigid bodies. This course, with its detailed look at problem-solving techniques, is very useful for this career. It helps develop the necessary analytical skills. The practice problems, including those involving ladders, beams, and frames, are particularly beneficial.
Physics Teacher
A physics teacher educates students on the principles of physics. This job requires a deep understanding of physics concepts and the ability to explain them clearly. This course may be useful for a physics teacher in the area of mechanics. The course's focus on torque, center of mass, and static equilibrium provides the teacher with a framework for teaching these topics. The multiple methods for calculating torque and the thorough approach to problem solving can be valuable assets. This course will also benefit a teacher by providing various problems that range in difficulty, making it a handy resource when crafting coursework or quizzes.
Mechanical Engineer
A mechanical engineer designs, develops, and tests mechanical devices and systems. This often involves calculations of forces, torque, and the stability of structures. This course, with its focus on understanding torque, center of mass, and static equilibrium, may be useful for an aspiring mechanical engineer. The course provides hands-on experience in problem-solving strategies that are essential in the design and analysis of mechanical systems. The course's syllabus on torque calculation, center of mass in one, two, and three dimensions, and static equilibrium helps build a foundation. Furthermore, the practice with conceptual and algebraic questions ranging from easy to very challenging is excellent preparation for the complexity of real-world engineering problems.
Biomechanics Engineer
A biomechanics engineer applies the principles of mechanics to biological systems. This includes analyzing forces, torques, and the stability of human and animal movement. This course is directly relevant to the work of a biomechanics engineer because it focuses on the physics of static equilibrium and rigid body dynamics. The course's treatment of torque, center of mass, and static equilibrium may be useful in analyzing the movement of the human body. The problem-solving techniques taught in this course help in understanding the complexity of biological systems. The skills learned in this course are particularly beneficial in analyzing the forces acting on joints and muscles.
Robotics Engineer
Robotics engineers design and develop robots and robotic systems. This includes an understanding of mechanics, control systems, and the physics of motion. This course is directly related to designing robots, with its detailed focus on torque and center of mass. The study of static equilibrium is useful in understanding robot stability. The course helps develop the knowledge to analyze the forces and torques on robotic arms and legs. The problem solving strategies as well as practice problems included in this course, particularly those involving torques and center of mass, may be useful in this career.
Automotive Engineer
An automotive engineer designs, develops, and tests vehicles and their components. This includes an understanding of mechanics, material science, and the physics of motion. This course can help build a foundation for an automotive engineer, especially in calculating torque, evaluating center of mass, and understanding the static equilibrium of components and vehicles. The course material may be particularly useful when working on suspension systems, transmissions, and body structures. The problem solving aspect of the course will help in analytical skills. The practice problems, especially those involving forces and torque, may be useful in this role.
Aerospace Engineer
An aerospace engineer is involved in the design, development, and testing of aircraft and spacecraft. This field heavily relies on physics principles such as forces, moments, and equilibrium. This course may be useful for an aerospace engineer in learning about the fundamental principles of torque, center of mass, and equilibrium. These topics are vital for analyzing the stability and control of flight vehicles. The practice problems on torque calculations and center of mass help build a foundation. A deep understanding of torque, as taught in this course, is useful in designing control systems for aircraft and spacecraft. The concepts of static equilibrium are also useful in analyzing the forces on the body of crafts and their parts.
Civil Engineer
Civil engineers plan, design, and oversee the construction of infrastructure projects like roads, bridges, and buildings. Understanding the principles of forces, torque, and equilibrium is vital to their work. This course may help a civil engineer by providing a foundation in these concepts. The study of rigid bodies in equilibrium is directly applicable to structural design and analysis. The problem-solving techniques taught in this course are useful in addressing real-world civil engineering challenges. In particular, the sections on static equilibrium, including considerations of the center of gravity and torque from gravity, is helpful in this role.
Game Developer
A game developer creates interactive games. This includes designing game mechanics, programming, and testing. An understanding of physics principles is useful in designing realistic game environments. This course can apply to those wanting to be a game developer, specifically those focused on the physics aspects of gameplay. The course material on torque, center of mass, and equilibrium, can be useful in creating accurate simulations of physical interactions in a game environment. This course, with its focus on problem-solving, can also help in debugging in-game physics issues. The course material, in providing a foundation in how to calculate forces, may be useful for game developers.
Product Designer
Product designers work to create and improve the form and function of a variety of products. A knowledge of physics principles helps a product designer to understand how forces and stresses will impact the products they create. This course, with its detailed lessons on torque, center of mass, and static equilibrium, may be useful for product designers. Understanding principles like torque directly helps in the design of mechanisms and moving parts in consumer products. The conceptual questions in this course may be helpful for a designer in understanding how to make creative applications. The problem solving strategies in this course develop practical skills.
Research Scientist
A research scientist designs and conducts experiments and analyzes data to explore scientific phenomena. A background in physics is often indispensable, particularly in fields such as materials science, biomechanics, and experimental physics. This course may be useful for a research scientist who needs to understand the principles of torque, center of mass, and static equilibrium. The course provides a base for the analysis of forces and motions in experimental setups. The analytical and problem-solving skills gained from this course may be useful when conducting research. Note that most research positions require an advanced degree.
Materials Scientist
A materials scientist researches and develops new materials and their properties. This involves applying principles from physics and chemistry, particularly regarding how forces and stresses can impact materials. This course, with its focus on torque, center of mass, and static equilibrium, can contribute to the foundational knowledge necessary for a career as a materials scientist. The course can help you better understand how external forces impact the mechanics and stability of solid objects. The skills gained from the course may be useful in analyzing the structural properties of different materials. Note that many research positions require an advanced degree.
Animation Developer
An animation developer creates moving images for video games, films, and other media. Understanding the principles of physics helps create realistic motion. This course can be useful for an animation developer in understanding the concepts of torque and center of mass. These are crucial in animating the movement of objects and characters. The course's focus on the stability of objects may help an animator design scenes with realistic interactions between objects and characters. The problem-solving strategies included in the course may help an animation developer to understand complex motion.
Data Scientist
Data scientists analyze complex data sets to identify trends, patterns, and insights. While this role may not directly apply the physics concepts taught in this course, the problem-solving strategies covered may be useful in analyzing data. This course, with its focus on mathematical problem solving, can help you to think quantitatively and develop analytical skills. These skills may be useful in a wide range of analytical positions, including data analysis. The practice in approaching problems step by step, as detailed in the course syllabus, can build a foundation for logical analysis.
Management Consultant
Management consultants help organizations solve problems and improve performance. This requires analytical and problem-solving skills, often in unfamiliar and complex situations. While a management consultant does not apply physics directly, this course may help develop critical thinking. The problem-solving techniques taught with respect to real world conceptual physics problems are general and useful. The course helps build a methodical approach to problem solving, which is useful in this consultant role. The course may be useful for a consultant as it provides practice in thinking about analytical approaches to difficult problems.

Reading list

We've selected two books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Physics 100: Torque and Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies.
This textbook provides a comprehensive overview of physics principles, including detailed explanations of torque, center of mass, and equilibrium. It offers numerous examples and practice problems to reinforce understanding. is commonly used in introductory physics courses at universities. It serves as a valuable reference for students seeking a deeper understanding of the course material.
Provides a detailed treatment of statics, including equilibrium of rigid bodies. It standard textbook used in engineering courses. It offers a more in-depth look at the applications of these concepts in structural analysis. This book is helpful for students who want to explore the engineering applications of torque and equilibrium.

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