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Economic Growth and Distributive Justice Part II - Maximize Social Wellbeing

Professor Yoram Y. Margalioth

If you really care about the big questions in the economies and societies of the 21st century, such as distributive justice - namely, inequality of income or wealth, and its correlation with economic growth - this course is meant for you. The knowledge you will gain can truly change your outlook on our world.

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If you really care about the big questions in the economies and societies of the 21st century, such as distributive justice - namely, inequality of income or wealth, and its correlation with economic growth - this course is meant for you. The knowledge you will gain can truly change your outlook on our world.

"Economic Growth and Distributive Justice - Maximizing Social Wellbeing" is the second part of a two part course and it includes the following five lectures:

(1) The excess burden of taxation

(2) Tax incidence: who bears the economic burden of tax?

(3) Progressivity: definition and ways to achieve

(4) Low Income, Low Ability and the Optimal Income Tax Model

(5) Designing the Tax and Transfer System that Maximizes Social Wellbeing

If you haven't done that already, we strongly recommend that you register for the first part of the course: "Economic Growth and Distributive Justice - the Role of the State". Taking both parts of the course would enable you to obtain a fuller and more comprehensive knowledge about Economic Growth and Distributed Justice.

The course is founded upon the elemental idea that the role of the state is to maximize the well-being - or simply the happiness - of its residents. In 9 fascinating, edifying lessons, using only simple words and decoding professional terminologies that sometimes baffle the intelligent layman, the course expounds many truths – both intuitive and unintuitive. Often using examples from the US and Europe, it does not however focus on policies in any particular region of the world, and is directly applicable to all countries around the globe.

The course touches upon the essence of important concepts like efficiency and equity, inequality and poverty, gross domestic product, tax evasion and tax planning; it presents the work of Nobel Laureate James Mirrlees and his followers - promoting a coherent system that integrates tax and government expenditures to maximize social welfare; and illuminates a range of high-profile issues from their economic angle:

• Climate change: the atmosphere and oceans as public goods, and how smart (Pigovian) taxation can be used to combat the rapidly increasing threats to our planet;

• Technology as the engine of economic growth;

• Taxing the rich: How can we mitigate the growing inequality problem? Should we impose a global tax on capital?

The curriculum includes interviews with major figures in the fields of law and of economics: Harvard's Elhanan Helpman, Dan Shaviro from NYU and Richard Epstein from the University of Chicago and NYU.

After successfully completing this course, you can expect to be able to:

• better understand economic issues presented in the media

• form an informed opinion on the strengths and weaknesses of presented social economic policies

• define and measure inequality and poverty

• define the connection between inequality (income, wealth) and economic growth

• explain the foundations of economic growth

• design a tax and transfer system to maximize the happiness of individuals

All these will allow you to better understand the policies being developed around you, and to play a larger, more informed role in their development, as a conscientious citizen.

In order to receive academic credit for this course you must successfully pass the academic exam on campus. For information on how to register for the academic exam – https://tauonline.tau.ac.il/registration

Additionally, you can apply to certain degrees using the grades you received on the courses. Read more on this here –

https://go.tau.ac.il/b.a/mooc-acceptance

Teachers interested in teaching this course in their class rooms are invited to explore our Academic High school program here – https://tauonline.tau.ac.il/online-highschool

This course is a direct extension of the first part "Economic Growth and Distributive Justice Part I -The Role of the State", so if you have not yet taken it, we highly recommend you start your learning from there (https://www.coursera.org/learn/economic-growth-part-1/home/welcome).

This course will temporarily close for enrollment from March 1st, 2022 to August 31st, 2022. During this time, the course will be closed for new enrolments. All of the course materials will continue to be able available to previously enrolled learners; however, the course staff will not provide support in the Discussion Forums during this period.

Best,

The Tel Aviv University Team

Enroll now

What's inside

Syllabus

The Excess Burden of Taxation
Dear students, The first half of the course is behind us, and there's one more half to go. We hope you are enjoying yourselves! In the previous class, we focused on the equity side of the equity-efficiency tradeoff, learning how to measure inequality and poverty. In this class, we will move on to talk about measuring efficiency. We will study the principles of SOCIAL EFFICIENCY, guided by the logic of trade, profitable transactions and the influence of TAXATION. Using everyday examples (have you ever babysitted?!), we will investigate the concept of EXCESS BURDEN, how and why taxes reduce social efficiency, and how this can be measured. So let's begin week 5! Best, Economic Growth and Distributive Justice team
Read more
Tax Incidence: Who Bears the Economic Burden of a Tax?
Dear students, This week we will learn how market forces determine who bears the economic burden of a tax. We will follow various classic examples and see how this happens - often in an unintuitive manner, which may be contrary to the legislator’s intention. Best, Economic Growth and Distributive Justice team
Progressivity: Definition and Ways to Achieve
Dear students, This week's lecture is all about progressivity. We will learn about the difference between MARGINAL and EFFECTIVE tax rates, how progressivity can be achieved, and how the transfer side of the system (e.g. welfare benefits) can create steep marginal tax rates, in addition to those generated by the tax side of the system. In the second part of the lesson we will begin studying the OPTIMAL INCOME TAX MODEL, in our search for the tax and transfer system that would maximize social wellbeing. Best, Economic Growth and Distributive Justice team
Low Income, Low Ability and the Optimal Income Tax Model
Dear students, This week's lecture will continue our discussion about progressivity. In this second part of the lesson we will begin studying the OPTIMAL INCOME TAX MODEL, in our search for the tax and transfer system that would maximize social wellbeing. Best, Economic Growth and Distributive Justice team
Designing the Tax and Transfer System that Maximizes Social Wellbeing
Dear students, Time goes by, as always, and here we are, in our last week of the course 'Economic Growth and Distributive Justice'. We hope that by now you have all acquired sufficient knowledge and understanding in the various issues taught by Prof. Margalioth, enabling you to better analyze the social-economic reality in which you live, and form your own educated views and preferences regarding these issues. The last week of the course will be devoted to the OPTIMAL MODEL OF THE TAX & TRANSFER SYSTEM. Combining all materials taught in the course and applying them together, Prof. Margalioth will present to you what he believes to be the best possible model, through which a government can achieve both Economic Growth and Distributive Justice. Will you agree to adopt it as well? Perhaps you have some other interesting ideas? We will be more than happy to discuss them. Thank you for taking our course. It was our pure delight to have you as our students! So let's begin week 8! Best, Economic Growth and Distributive Justice team

Good to know

Know what's good
, what to watch for
, and possible dealbreakers
Provides a strong foundation for beginners in the field of economic growth and distributive justice
Taught by Professor Yoram Y. Margalioth, who is recognized for his work in economic growth and distributive justice
Examines economic growth and distributive justice, which are highly relevant to understanding current events and policy debates
This course is designed for those who care about the big questions in economics and societies
Covers a wide range of topics, including the excess burden of taxation, tax incidence, and the optimal tax and transfer system
Students are expected to have basic knowledge of economics

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Reviews summary

Informative distributive justice course

Learners say this course provides in-depth, engaging instruction on economic law and distributive justice. Many students appreciate the expert instructors, finding the course accessible even with challenging concepts. Students especially highly rate the course's real-world applicability, noting its informative, relevant content.
Instructors provide exemplary explanations.
""Professor Yoram Y. Margalioth demonstrated great knowledge.""
""Excellent explanation of complex concepts.""
""Simplistic way of instruction that made me easy to understand and follow up.""
Learners appreciate the practical nature of this course.
""It's a good course, gives you the basis of economic law principles that apply to tax law and policies regarding its distribution.""
""Promotes a good understanding of the world around us and which factors come into play when talking about taxes, welfare and redistribution.""
""This was a very interesting course. It helped me better understand why some tax choices are made and the different pro and con arguments.""
Some students struggle with the complexity of the material.
""The concepts especially while explaining numerical concepts(Eg: calculating tax rates) can be explained in a more detailed way.""
""At time it is a bit confusing but this comes with any online course which does not offer the possibility of an exchange with the professor.""

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Economic Growth and Distributive Justice Part II - Maximize Social Wellbeing with these activities:
Refresh your knowledge of basic calculus
Calculus is used extensively in economics, so refreshing your knowledge of basic calculus will help you better understand the course material.
Browse courses on Calculus
Show steps
  • Review your notes from a previous calculus course
  • Take practice problems on derivatives and integrals
  • Watch online videos or tutorials on basic calculus concepts
Review: Principles of Economics
Review this popular economics textbook before the course to get a solid understanding of the core concepts of economics.
Show steps
  • Read Chapter 1: Introduction
  • Read Chapter 2: Thinking like an Economist
  • Review the chapter summaries
Practice solving problems on excess burden and tax incidence
These exercises will help you master the concepts of excess burden and tax incidence, which are essential for understanding the efficiency and equity of tax systems.
Show steps
  • Review the lecture on excess burden and tax incidence
  • Solve the practice problems provided in the lecture
  • Check your answers against the solutions provided in the lecture
Five other activities
Expand to see all activities and additional details
Show all eight activities
Participate in the Coursera Economic Growth and Distributive Justice Quiz
This quiz will test your understanding of the course material and help you identify areas where you need to focus your studies.
Browse courses on Taxes
Show steps
  • Register for the Coursera Economic Growth and Distributive Justice Quiz
  • Take the quiz and answer all the questions to the best of your ability
  • Review your results and identify areas where you need to improve
Create a mind map of Nobel Laureate James Mirrlees' work
This activity will help you understand and remember the key concepts of Mirrlees' work on taxation and inequality.
Browse courses on Economics
Show steps
  • Research Mirrlees' work on taxation and inequality
  • Identify the main concepts of his work
  • Create a mind map that visually represents the concepts and their relationships
Follow a tutorial on the Optimal Income Tax Model
This tutorial will help you understand the theoretical framework for designing a tax system that maximizes social welfare.
Show steps
  • Search for a tutorial on the Optimal Income Tax Model
  • Follow the tutorial step-by-step
  • Complete the exercises and quizzes in the tutorial
Contribute to an open-source project on tax policy
By contributing to an open-source project, you can gain practical experience and learn from others in the field.
Browse courses on Tax Policy
Show steps
  • Find an open-source project on tax policy that you are interested in
  • Identify a way to contribute to the project
  • Make a pull request with your changes
Design a tax and transfer system for a developing country
This project will allow you to apply the concepts you have learned in the course to a real-world problem.
Show steps
  • Research the economic conditions of a developing country
  • Identify the key challenges facing the country's tax and transfer system
  • Design a tax and transfer system that addresses these challenges
  • Write a report summarizing your findings and recommendations

Career center

Learners who complete Economic Growth and Distributive Justice Part II - Maximize Social Wellbeing will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:
Economist
Economists study the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. This foundational knowledge is essential for success as an economist. The course also covers topics such as inequality, poverty, and the role of the state in the economy, which are all central to the work of economists.
Financial Analyst
Financial analysts use economic data to make investment recommendations. This course provides a strong foundation for financial analysts by introducing them to the principles of economics, including the role of government spending and taxation. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for financial analysts.
Investment Banker
Investment bankers help companies raise money through the sale of stocks and bonds. This course provides a strong foundation for investment bankers by teaching them about the principles of economics, including the role of government spending and taxation. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for investment bankers.
Income Tax Preparer
Income tax preparers help individuals and businesses file their tax returns. This course provides a strong foundation for this role by teaching students about the principles of taxation. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for income tax preparers.
Tax Accountant
Tax accountants help individuals and businesses comply with tax laws. This course provides a strong foundation for this role by teaching students about the principles of taxation. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for tax accountants.
Policy Analyst
Policy analysts help government agencies develop and evaluate public policy. This course provides a strong foundation for this role by teaching students about the principles of economics, including the role of government spending and taxation. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for policy analysts.
Actuary
Actuaries use mathematical and statistical skills to assess risk for insurance companies and other financial institutions. This course introduces foundational concepts in economics that are essential for success in actuarial work. Students learn about the role of the state in economic growth and distributive justice, which provides a framework for understanding how insurance policies affect individuals and society as a whole. The course also covers topics such as taxation, inequality, and poverty, which are all relevant to the work of actuaries.
Budget Analyst
Budget analysts help organizations create and manage their budgets. This course provides a strong foundation for this role by teaching students about the principles of economics, including the role of government spending and taxation. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for budget analysts.
Market Researcher
Market researchers study consumer behavior to help companies develop new products and services. This course provides a strong foundation for market researchers by teaching them about the principles of economics, including the role of government spending and taxation. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for market researchers.
Real Estate Agent
Real estate agents help individuals and businesses buy and sell property. This course provides a strong foundation for this role by teaching students about the principles of economics, including the role of government spending and taxation. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for real estate agents.
Underwriter
Underwriters assess risk for insurance companies and other financial institutions. This course provides a strong foundation for this role by teaching students about the principles of insurance. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for underwriters.
Insurance Broker
Insurance brokers help individuals and businesses find the right insurance policies. This course provides a strong foundation for this role by teaching students about the principles of insurance. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for insurance brokers.
Loan Officer
Loan officers help individuals and businesses get loans from banks and other financial institutions. This course provides a strong foundation for this role by teaching students about the principles of lending. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for loan officers.
Government Relations Specialist
Government relations specialists represent organizations before government agencies. This course provides a strong foundation for this role by teaching students about the principles of economics, including the role of government spending and taxation. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for government relations specialists.
Management Consultant
Management consultants help organizations improve their performance. This course provides a strong foundation for management consultants by teaching them about the principles of economics, including the role of government spending and taxation. Students also learn about the relationship between economic growth and inequality, which is a key consideration for management consultants.

Reading list

We've selected 40 books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Economic Growth and Distributive Justice Part II - Maximize Social Wellbeing.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the economics of inequality. It covers a wide range of topics, including the measurement of inequality, the causes of inequality, and the effects of inequality on economic growth and social welfare. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
This classic book provides a comprehensive overview of the principles of philosophy. It covers a wide range of topics, including the role of reason, the importance of experience, and the need for skepticism. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
This classic textbook provides a comprehensive overview of the theory and practice of public economics. It covers a wide range of topics, including taxation, public expenditure, and social welfare. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the economics of climate change. It covers a wide range of topics, including the science of climate change, the economic costs of climate change, and the policy options for mitigating climate change. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between economics and the environment. It covers a wide range of topics, including the history of environmental economics, the principles of ecological economics, and the policy options for achieving a more sustainable economy. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the causes of poverty and the policy options for reducing poverty. It covers a wide range of topics, including the role of economic growth, the importance of education and health care, and the need for social protection. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the history of economic growth and development. It covers a wide range of topics, including the role of technology, the importance of institutions, and the need for social mobility. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the causes and consequences of inequality. It covers a wide range of topics, including the role of globalization, the importance of education and health care, and the need for social protection. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the changing distribution of wealth and income in the 21st century. It covers a wide range of topics, including the role of technology, the importance of education, and the need for tax reform. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges facing capitalism in the 21st century. It covers a wide range of topics, including the role of technology, the importance of education, and the need for social protection. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
Offers a comprehensive textbook-style overview of economic growth, complementing the course's focus on distributive justice.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the theory and practice of taxation. It covers a wide range of topics, including the principles of taxation, the effects of taxation on economic efficiency, and the design of optimal tax systems. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
Sweeping history of inequality that argues that violence has been the primary force in reducing inequality throughout history. It must-read for anyone interested in the history of inequality or the causes of social change.
Powerful indictment of the growing inequality in the United States. Stiglitz argues that inequality is not only morally wrong but also economically harmful. This book must-read for anyone interested in the economics of inequality or the future of the American economy.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the theory of optimal income taxation. It covers a wide range of topics, including the principles of optimal taxation, the effects of taxation on labor supply and investment, and the design of optimal tax systems. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between tax policy and economic growth. It covers a wide range of topics, including the effects of taxation on investment, innovation, and entrepreneurship. It valuable resource for students and scholars alike.
Popular work of economics that explores the relationship between inequality and social problems. It valuable read for anyone interested in the economics of inequality or the social determinants of health.
Provides foundational reading on classical economic theory, which informs much of the course material.
Timely and important analysis of the challenges facing capitalism in the 21st century. Collier argues that capitalism is facing a crisis of legitimacy and that we need to find new ways to make it work for everyone.
Timely and important analysis of the impact of technology on the future of work. Ford argues that we are on the cusp of a new technological revolution that will have a profound impact on the way we live and work.
Provides a theoretical framework for understanding the optimal design of income tax systems, based on Mirrlees’ work promoted in the course lectures.
Bold and ambitious vision of a post-capitalist future. Mason argues that capitalism is in its final stages and that we need to start thinking about what comes next.
Provides a philosophical and theoretical framework for understanding social justice and redistribution.
Provocative and original analysis of the value of things. Mazzucato argues that we need to rethink the way we think about value and that the state has a vital role to play in creating value.
Sobering and thought-provoking exploration of the existential risks facing humanity. Ord argues that we need to take these risks seriously and start thinking about how to mitigate them.
Philosophical exploration of the idea of meritocracy. Sandel argues that meritocracy flawed ideal that has led to a society in which the rich and powerful are increasingly disconnected from the rest of society.
Provides a philosophical framework for thinking about distributive justice, which central theme of the course.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the economics of climate change, which is discussed in the course.
Provides a detailed and technical analysis of the economics of climate change.
This classic work of political philosophy provides a comprehensive theory of justice, which is relevant to the course's discussion of distributive justice.

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