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Jenny Hide and Gwen Davies

The course will help you to design and write your own games - learn how to generate and develop your ideas, how to structure a story-rich game, and how creating a narrative and storyworld will enhance all games, even those that are not story based.

Learn to create a compelling storyworld for your video game by developing ideas, characters and a memorable narrative. You’ll be given knowledge and tasks to cement and practice what you’ve learned.

Create Immersive Storyworlds

Read more

The course will help you to design and write your own games - learn how to generate and develop your ideas, how to structure a story-rich game, and how creating a narrative and storyworld will enhance all games, even those that are not story based.

Learn to create a compelling storyworld for your video game by developing ideas, characters and a memorable narrative. You’ll be given knowledge and tasks to cement and practice what you’ve learned.

Create Immersive Storyworlds

  • Understand how writing for games differs from writing for other media.

  • Learn which aspects of a game contribute to a memorable narrative.

  • Discover how story is conveyed through games.

  • Practice developing an idea from start to end.

Storytelling: Arguably the Most Important Aspect of Game Design.

Games that are “story-rich” have a deep story to uncover as you play the game, and have an extra dimension compared to other forms of media in that the player themselves is a part of that story.

The storyworld makes up so much of a game and it is communicated in many different ways. It’s everything from the artwork and the audio design to the dialogue between characters and the player themselves. As a game designer or a game writer, you are responsible for shaping this world and conveying it to the player.

Content Overview

This course aims to help you develop your skills as a designer of games. We’ll talk about what makes games a unique form of media, how to tell good stories, how to generate ideas, and how story can be conveyed through games (spoiler: there are LOTS of different ways. ). These are the core sections of the course, and we’ll be adding bonus sections soon.

Story structure will be the first bonus (coming soon. ) and each new section will provide new ways to improve your game design techniques.

Each of the course videos is made using the Unity game engine, and we communicate information within this game setting.

As well as video lectures, this course contains ‘Reflection’ moments where we ask you to pause and think about what your answers to specific questions would be, “Missions” where we ask you to do some writing (and then show you our own example), and worksheets to guide your ideas.

We also encourage you to share your ideas and give feedback to others.

Once you complete this course, you’ll be able to design story-rich games using various different methods to convey your ideas.

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What's inside

Syllabus

What is a Game?

The objective of this course is to equip you with the tools and knowledge to confidently develop your own entertaining and engaging video games through stories. In this section, we start by exploring:

  • In broad terms, What is a game?

  • What it takes to put together a game.

  • Why story is of central importance!

In this video, we will explore:

  • Different mediums through which we absorb and tell stories.

  • How video games compare with these mediums.

  • How video games offer active choice-based experiences for players.


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In this video, we will explore:

  • Definitions of video games that include interaction and choice.

  • That the game designer/writer is crucial in creating the possibilities for the player.

  • The different devices on which games can be played.

  • Single and multiplayer possibilities for gameplay.

  • The different varieties of game types out there, from 2D platformers, to sandbox games.

In this video, we will explore:

  • What Game Mechanics are.

  • How game mechanics relate to the ‘rules’ of gameplay.

  • Understanding game mechanics through examples.

The attached WORKSHEET offers the opportunity to reflect and explore interesting game mechanics. We suggest some ideas for you to run with, but you can of course choose to develop your own original ideas. This reflection is designed to encourage you to start thinking of things from the players point of view, and how your ideas can make a game fun to play.

In this video, we will explore:

  • What games you like and why you think that is.

  • Examples of our own favourite games, and why, just to get you thinking.

  • What games you don’t like, and why, as well as your thoughts on how they could be improved upon.

The attached WORKSHEET details the questions about your favourite and least favourite games. These tasks are designed to help you consider what it is that makes games work, or not.

In this video, we will explore:

  • Some of the realities of making games and why it makes sense to pay attention to story.

  • How story will strengthen your game through depth of meaning.

  • That story is communicated through every aspect of a game.

  • How you, the game designer/story creator are in charge of the ‘map of possibilities’

In this video, we will explore:

  • The meaning of ‘story lite’ vs ‘story rich’ and what kind of game you are looking to create.

  • Examples of ‘story lite’ and ‘story rich’ games.

A summary of what we will be exploring in this section:

  • What our destination looks like: the creation of a rich storyworld for your game.

  • The difference between story, plot and narrative.

  • The importance of structuring a story.

  • What fuels a story?

In this video, we will explore:

  • What a storyworld is, as shown through examples.

  • The importance of tone.

  • Crucial questions any storyworld creator must be able to answer about the game world they are creating.

  • Thinking beyond the game to the wider ‘world’ of the game and how this adds depth to your game.

In this video, we will explore:

  • The story as all events in the game.

  • The plot as the player’s linear journey through the story.

  • The narrative as how the story and plot are conveyed.

  • Examples of different games.

In this video, we will explore what gives a plot forward momentum, thereby making the game you create more engaging for players. We will explore:

  • The direction and structure of a story.

  • How this is driven forward by the game (and therefore the player) having a clear goal.

  • The need to be clear on ‘what is at stake’ i.e. What happens if the player is unsuccessful in their mission.

  • How to think about ‘what is at stake’ to make sure the goals of the game have emotional resonance.

  • The importance of escalation in terms of player engagement.

The WORKSHEET offers an opportunity for you to reflect on your own ideas for your game, what is at stake and what conflict there is in your game. You will also have the opportunity to reflect on your favourite game and how the story/game escalates from beginning to end, as a way of informing your own approach.

In this video, we will explore:

  • How ideas don’t arrive fully formed.

  • How ideas develop.

A summary of what we will be exploring in this section:

  • Ways to generate ideas.

  • How to communicate ideas effectively.

  • How to keep track of ideas.

  • Ways to develop your ideas further.

In this video, we will explore:

  • That there is no one ‘right’ starting point and you will find what works for you and your specific project.

  • An awareness of what your role in the game’s creation is and how this impacts your idea development.

  • Possible starting points for idea generation, including the question ‘What if?’, along with other starting areas like character, goal, world/setting, game mechanics and theme.

The WORKSHEET offers the opportunity to reflect on your favourite games or film and consider the ideas behind it; asking yourself ‘what if…?’ and exploring trigger sentences as a way of deconstructing and generating ideas.

In this video, we will put into practice the ideas explored so far. Your mission here is to generate your own ideas. The WORKSHEET offers the opportunity to generate your own ideas for a game, asking yourself ‘what if…?’ and exploring trigger sentences.

You will also have the opportunity to explore the elements that will combine to create your own storyworld. In the video, we offer some examples of our own ideas. The emphasis here is really to get you creating.

In this video, we will explore:

  • Why clear communication is important as a game designer/story creator.

  • How best to summarise an idea for maximum clarity.

  • Different kinds of summaries for different situations.

The WORKSHEET sets you your mission to build on your previous idea development and take the next step of summarising your ideas clearly so that you are able to get a good overview of your game, and are well placed to communicate your ideas/game to other people.

In this video, we highlight the components that combine to convey story through games (which will each be explored in this section), which includes:

  • The goal

  • Game mechanics

  • Characters

  • Dialogue

  • Setting

  • Level design

  • Sound design

We will also explore:

  • Exposition

  • Story triggers

  • Cut scenes

In this video, we will explore:

  • That the goal is ‘What the player needs to do’, why this is crucial to the game and story, and the importance of the game’s goal being active and involving.

  • That the game mechanics are ‘How the player does it’ and the importance of weaving in orientation time for the player.

The WORKSHEET sets you your mission to develop the player’s goal in your game/story. This mission invite you to articulate what the player needs to do and why, how you orientate your player and how you ensure the building of player skills is gradual.

In this video, we will explore:

  • The important division of characters into POV characters and NPC (non-player characters.

  • How characters are a crucial part of the story and story-delivery through interacting with the player.

  • How dialogue needs to convey and fit with the tone of the game.

The WORKSHEET offers the chance to reflect on a game you like and the characters within it, exploring whether the characters fit within the game, what makes them do so (or not), and whether you can see any aspects that could be improved upon.

You will explore your own game and what characters you can imagine populating it, what makes your characters interesting, how they communicate and fit within the broader game.

In this video, we will explore:

  • The setting as the time and place in the story/game.

  • The importance of conveying style and tone through the visual (and all!) aspects of the game.

  • The progression of story and visual information communicated to the player through ‘level design’.

  • Maintaining the right balance between interest and understandability by having your game progress and evolve.

  • How sound design can impact a gaming experience, including ambiance, tone and immersion.

  • How these elements add up to form a coherent whole.

The WORKSHEET invites you to reflect upon the setting, style and tone of a game and explore what it is that you think works well. The worksheet sets you a mission to think about a setting for your game and what that would look like, and then for you to further develop this by considering what it might sound like, keeping in mind the player experience.

In this video, we will explore:

  • What exposition is and how there are overt and subtle ways to use this as a tool to express story relevant information.

  • What ‘story triggers’ are and how they integrate story information into the game.

  • What ‘cut scenes’ are and how they offer a passive experience for the player.

The WORKSHEET mission is for you to explore your own ideas on how best to deliver story information in your game/story and how you will communicate information organically in a way that works for your game.

In this section, we explore:

  • What structure is

  • Why it is important

  • Different structure models

  • How to use structure models when developing your game.

In this video we focus on how best to approach structure while developing story for your game.

In this video, we will explore:

  • What structure is, and

  • Why it is important.

This includes:

  • The idea of structure as a roadmap between two points

  • Variety of pace and action

  • The importance of success and failure

  • Balancing ability levels

  • Escalation

  • Open ended and open world games

The WORKSHEET sets you your mission to develop the 'points on your map'. In other words, developing the structure of your game, including starting point, destination and the 'fuel' (motivation) for the game journey.

In this video, we will explore:

  • Linear story structure applied to branching storylines

  • What anchors you on the structure journey?

  • The need to keep in mind player emotions.

  • How backstory can help engage the Player.

The WORKSHEET gives you the opportunity to explore the emotional aspects and the player's experience of your game.

In this video, we will explore the Beginning, middle and end structure model.

In this video, we will explore a linear structure template for stepping out or analysing a story idea, using a couple of game examples.

The attached RESOURCES offer an overview of the structure template.

This is a REFLECTION article designed to:

  • get you reflecting upon the structure of a game or a level you have played,

  • develop your game ideas in the context of a beginning, middle and end, and

  • develop them even further in a more expanded linear framework.

The WORKSHEET attached includes the same information as the lecture, along with space for you to include your ideas.

This is a MISSION article designed to clarify your thoughts about the beginning, middle and end of your story/game (or within a level).

The WORKSHEET attached includes the same information as the lecture, along with space for you to include your ideas.

This is a MISSION article designed to clarify your thoughts about the linear structure of your own game.

The WORKSHEET attached includes the same information as the lecture, along with space for you to include your ideas.

In this video, we will explore the classic hero’s journey structure model, including a game example.

This is a MISSION article. Your mission is to step out the journey of your main character according to the Hero’s Journey.

The WORKSHEET attached includes the same information as the lecture, along with space for you to include your ideas.

In this video we will discuss how to apply the previously explored structure guidelines to your game:

  • As a way of generating ideas

  • As a diagnostic tool

The aim of this section is to consolidate and build upon your ideas about character, with a particular emphasis on composing your own characters.

In this video we explore character, including what makes someone who they are, and what makes a memorable character.

In the WORKSHEET you will have the opportunity to REFLECT on characters and what makes them tick.

This is a MISSION article. It invites you to build a main character for your own game idea.

The WORKSHEET attached includes the same information as the lecture, along with space for you to include your ideas.

This article offers our own example of developing a character for our game Relic by using the questions explored in the previous section.

This is a MISSION article. It invites you to build an antagonist for your own game idea.

The WORKSHEET attached includes the same information as the lecture, along with space for you to include your ideas.

In this video, we get you to think about the world you're creating, including:

  • Non-player characters and what they add to the mix

  • The importance of diversity

This is a super short section about genre, audience expectations and how these things can guide your game creation. We touch on:

  • What is genre?

  • The importance of genre in guiding expectations

In this article, we look at a selection of genres, noting their common characteristics, what emotion they tend to elicit in the player, and an example of a game in the category.

The INFO SHEET attached includes the same information as the lecture.

This MISSION article offers the opportunity for you to explore your game in relation to genre and audience expectations.

The WORKSHEET attached includes space for you to explore your ideas.

Traffic lights

Read about what's good
what should give you pause
and possible dealbreakers
Uses the Unity game engine as a backdrop for its video lectures, providing a practical context for learning game design principles
Explores the differences between 'story-lite' and 'story-rich' games, which helps learners to understand the spectrum of narrative depth in game design
Includes 'reflection' moments, 'missions,' and worksheets, which encourages active learning and application of concepts
Examines the role of game mechanics in storytelling, which helps learners understand how gameplay and narrative can be intertwined
Features bonus sections on story structure, which provides additional resources for learners to improve their game design techniques
Requires learners to pause and think about specific questions, which may be difficult for learners who prefer to passively watch videos

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Reviews summary

Game writing fundamentals & story structures

According to learners, this course provides a largely positive introduction to game writing fundamentals. Students appreciate the clear explanations and the focus on storytelling basics like storyworld, plot, and narrative. The useful worksheets and missions are frequently mentioned as helping to apply concepts practically, making it great for those new to the field. While it covers core concepts effectively, some feedback suggests it is best for beginners and may not delve deeply enough for more experienced writers looking for advanced techniques. The course structure and engaging video presentation using Unity visuals are generally well-received.
Videos and delivery style are well-liked.
"Enjoyed the video format and the way it was presented."
"The instructor was clear and easy to follow."
"Liked the visual style using Unity."
Good overview of game storytelling fundamentals.
"Got a solid grasp of story structure and character basics."
"The sections on conveying story were particularly insightful."
"Covers all the essential building blocks of game writing."
Helps apply learning through practical tasks.
"The worksheets were super helpful in applying what I learned."
"Loved the missions, they made me actually start writing."
"The practical exercises really cemented the ideas."
Easy to grasp concepts, good for beginners.
"The course does a great job of breaking down complex ideas."
"Perfect for someone just starting out in game writing."
"Everything was explained clearly, even for a complete beginner."
May lack depth for experienced writers.
"As an experienced writer, I found parts a bit too basic."
"It's a great intro, but I was hoping for more advanced techniques."
"Felt a bit slow at times if you already know the basics."

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Game Writing: Storytelling through Video Game Design with these activities:
Review Game Mechanics
Reinforce your understanding of core game mechanics to better design engaging gameplay loops and integrate story elements effectively.
Browse courses on Game Mechanics
Show steps
  • Identify the core mechanics of your favorite games.
  • Analyze how these mechanics contribute to the overall story and player experience.
  • Consider how you can adapt or innovate on these mechanics in your own game design.
Read 'Save the Cat! Writes a Novel'
Learn about story structure and pacing to create more compelling narratives in your games.
Show steps
  • Read the book and take notes on key concepts.
  • Apply the book's principles to a game concept you're working on.
  • Reflect on how the book's advice could improve your game writing process.
Design a Game Story Outline
Apply the course's principles by outlining a complete story for a game, including characters, plot points, and world-building elements.
Show steps
  • Brainstorm ideas for your game's setting, characters, and plot.
  • Create a detailed outline of the main story arc, including key events and character interactions.
  • Develop character profiles for the main characters, including their motivations and backstories.
  • Write a short synopsis of the game's story.
Four other activities
Expand to see all activities and additional details
Show all seven activities
Write a Game Design Document Excerpt
Practice writing a section of a game design document focusing on narrative elements, demonstrating your understanding of story integration.
Show steps
  • Choose a specific aspect of game narrative to focus on (e.g., character backstories, world lore, dialogue systems).
  • Research existing game design documents for examples and inspiration.
  • Write a clear and concise description of the chosen narrative element, including its purpose and implementation.
Read 'The Writer's Journey'
Explore the Hero's Journey and other narrative structures to enhance your game storytelling abilities.
Show steps
  • Read the book and identify the key stages of the Hero's Journey.
  • Analyze how the Hero's Journey is used in popular games.
  • Apply the Hero's Journey to your own game story outline.
Create a Branching Dialogue Tree
Design a branching dialogue system for a specific game scenario, focusing on player choice and narrative consequences.
Show steps
  • Choose a game scenario and define the characters involved.
  • Map out the possible dialogue options and their consequences.
  • Write the dialogue for each option, considering character voice and tone.
  • Test the dialogue tree to ensure it flows logically and provides meaningful choices.
Provide Feedback on Game Story Concepts
Solidify your understanding by reviewing and providing constructive criticism on other students' game story ideas.
Show steps
  • Find other students who are willing to share their game story concepts.
  • Review their concepts and provide feedback on the story, characters, and world-building.
  • Offer suggestions for improvement and help them refine their ideas.

Career center

Learners who complete Game Writing: Storytelling through Video Game Design will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:
Game Designer
A game designer is responsible for the overall vision and creation of a video game, from initial concept to final product. This course on storytelling through video game design directly helps in crafting compelling narratives and immersive storyworlds, essential components of many successful games. A game designer benefits from understanding how to generate and develop ideas and how to structure a story rich game. The course helps those who wish to become a game designer.
Narrative Designer
Narrative designers focus specifically on the story elements within a game. This includes crafting the plot, writing dialogue, developing characters, and creating the overall game world. The course is directly relevant, as it explores how to create compelling narratives and immersive storyworlds, which are core responsibilities of a narrative designer. Learning how story is conveyed through games, which this course touches on, is important for a narrative designer.
Video Game Writer
A video game writer specializes in writing scripts, dialogue, and other text-based content for video games. This course helps a video game writer understand how to use their writing to enhance the player experience and create memorable characters and stories. The course goes over structuring a story rich game, which helps create an engaging world. The course is designed to strengthen a video game writer's skillset.
World Builder
World builders are responsible for creating the detailed settings and environments in which video games take place. The course directly assists in developing the skills needed to build a compelling storyworld. The course touches on creating memorable narratives. A world builder will find the course to be very helpful, as world building can be a large part of a game's appeal.
Level Designer
Level designers create the interactive environments within a video game. The course is relevant as it teaches how stories are told through game design. For example, the course explores how to make a narrative memorable through the different aspects of a game. A level designer benefits from the course as they learn aspects of story that can be communicated through level design.
Quest Designer
Quest designers are responsible for creating and implementing the quests or missions that players undertake within a game. The course directly helps in crafting compelling narratives, developing characters, and structuring stories, all of which are vital for creating engaging quests. A quest designer will benefit from learning how story structure fuels a game and how the player is part of that story.
Character Designer
Character designers are responsible for the visual and conceptual creation of characters within a video game. While this course does not cover the visual aspects of character design, it is applicable as it focuses on character development and integrating characters into the game's story. Creating a memorable narrative, which is covered in the course, depends on how well the characters are designed.
Game Scripter
The game scripter uses programming languages to implement game mechanics, artificial intelligence, and other interactive elements within a video game. Though the primary focus will be technical, this course may be useful as it helps develop an understanding of game mechanics to advance the story. The course may help a game scripter learn how to make the game more story rich, even if it is not story based.
Game Producer
A game producer oversees the development of a video game, managing the team, budget, and timeline. This course may be useful for a game producer as it provides insight into the creative process of game design and storytelling. The course touches on how to make the player part of the game. These factors are important for a game producer to understand in order to create a successful product.
Game Director
A game director is responsible for the overall creative vision of a video game, guiding the development team to bring that vision to life. A course of this kind may be useful to a game director. The course material may help them learn how to generate ideas to structure a story rich game. It may also expose a game director to the different ways a story can be conveyed through the game.
Technical Writer
Technical writers create documentation and guides for software, hardware, and other technical products. This course may be useful for creating documentation for game design tools or for explaining game mechanics and narratives to players. Learning how to develop ideas, which is covered in this course, may help a technical writer create the best explanation possible for the player. This course may be valuable to a technical writer.
Web Content Creator
Web content creators produce written, visual, or multimedia content for websites. Learning how to generate and develop ideas, which is covered in this course, may assist a web content creator. A web content creator may find the information on structuring a story rich game helpful in their role. This course may be valuable for a web content creator.
Social Media Manager
Social media managers are responsible for creating and managing content for social media platforms. While seemingly unrelated, this course may provide insights into creating engaging content and building a community around a product, which can be applied to social media. This course may also help them learn how to generate and develop ideas when it comes to content. Those who like a challenge may find this course helpful.
Grant Writer
Grant writers research and write proposals to secure funding for organizations and projects. This course may be useful for grant writers seeking funding for game development projects or educational programs related to game design. The course touches on various aspects of game design and will help a grant writer generate ideas. This course may be perfect for a grant writer.
Instructional Designer
Instructional designers create learning materials and experiences. This course may be useful for instructional designers creating courses or training programs related to game design or storytelling. An instructional designer could use the knowledge of how to create a compelling storyworld for educational purposes. The course will help them generate and develop ideas as well, which will ultimately make them a more effective instructional designer.

Featured in The Course Notes

This course is mentioned in our blog, The Course Notes. Read one article that features Game Writing: Storytelling through Video Game Design:

Reading list

We've selected two books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Game Writing: Storytelling through Video Game Design.
Adapts the 'Save the Cat' screenwriting methodology to novel writing, providing a structured approach to plot and character development. It's particularly useful for game writers who need a framework for crafting compelling narratives. The book helps in understanding story beats and character arcs, essential for creating engaging game stories. It offers practical advice and examples that can be directly applied to game writing projects.
Explores the Hero's Journey, a common narrative structure found in many stories. It's beneficial for game writers to understand this structure to create familiar yet engaging narratives. The book provides a framework for character development and plot progression. It useful reference for structuring game narratives and creating compelling character arcs.

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