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Jung-Chang Liou

The goal of this course is for students who have completed Introduction to EE course to continue improving their understandings and skills on Circuit Analysis. It covers all the important techniques that you will need during your entire Electrical Engineering career, including Laplace Transform, Element Impedance, Forced & Natural Response, Poles & Zeros, Transfer Function, Frequency Response, Fourier Series & Fourier Transform and Filter Design.

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The goal of this course is for students who have completed Introduction to EE course to continue improving their understandings and skills on Circuit Analysis. It covers all the important techniques that you will need during your entire Electrical Engineering career, including Laplace Transform, Element Impedance, Forced & Natural Response, Poles & Zeros, Transfer Function, Frequency Response, Fourier Series & Fourier Transform and Filter Design.

This course starts with dissecting capacitors and inductors. You will have a much solid understanding of the working principles of these two fundamentally important elements. This first section will also help you revise some of the important concepts that you learned from the previous course, such as Ohm's Law, KVL and KCL. You will learn how to analyse simple RL & RC circuit using the first principles.

The second section of the course introduces the powerful Laplace Transform. You will learn what it is, why we study it and how to apply it on circuit analysis. You will also see how we go from Laplace Transform to Element Impedance and how we use Laplace in conjunction with Forced & Natural Response. Here we will clarify many questions that most students have over the years. For example, what is the difference between the impedance jwL and sL?

The third section focuses on Systems. You will learn what Systems and Transfer Functions are, how it helps us to have flexible input and output signal, and how to combine systems mathematically. Here we will go through producing a Bode plot and a Phase Plot (i.e. Frequency Response) using the Transfer Function.

Section 4 deals with Signals. You will learn the difference between Fourier Series & Fourier Transform. We will also learn to apply Fourier Transform on a simulated signal as well as on an audio file using a Python program.

Lastly, we will go through a practical example of designing a filter. You will see how we can use all the knowledge that we acquired to design a digital and an analogue filter.

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What's inside

Learning objectives

  • Understand the physical structure and mathematical models of capacitors and inductors
  • Analyse rl, rc & rlc circuits using the first principles
  • Understand fundamentally what laplace transform is and does
  • Simplify circuit analysis using forced & natural response, element impedance and laplace transform
  • Identify what a system is and why we use transfer functions
  • Understand what fourier series & fourier transform are & do
  • Design a simple digital filter using certain programs
  • Understand how an analogue filter is designed and its limitations

Syllabus

This section provides an overview of the course

A quick overview of what the main objectives and topics are in this course.

A quick glance of every lecture from Week 1 to Week 12.

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Circuit Analysis

Lecture 1 covers everything about a “capacitor” including various capacitor types, its physical structure, energy and so on.

In Lecture 2, we learn how to analyse a simple RC circuit using the KCL, KVL and the capacitor equation. Here you will see how an “Ordinary Differential Equation” can be solved using “Initial Conditions”.

This quiz will refresh your memory on important concepts from Lecture 1 & 2.

Similar to Lecture 1, Lecture 3 covers everything about an “inductor” including various inductor types, its physical structure, energy and so on.

In Lecture 4, we go through how to analyse a simple RL circuit. We will also introduce the concept of “Natural & Forced Response.” You will see how this concept is applied to simplify our circuit analysis in Lecture 7.

This quiz will refresh your memory on important concepts from Lecture 3 & 4.

Assignment 1 - Circuit Analysis Using First Principles
The World of Laplace

In Lecture 5, we dive into the world of “Laplace Transform”. We look at what Laplace Transform is & does, and why we need it. We will go through the Laplace Table and some important properties in this lecture.

In Lecture 6, we apply Laplace Transform to our circuit analysis. You will see how we get in and out of the Laplace world using a simple RC circuit example. We will also learn a simple math trick called “the Partial Fraction”

This quiz covers the important concepts from Lecture 5 & 6

In Lecture 7, we apply the concept of “Natural & Forced Response” and “Element Impedance” to help simplify our circuit analysis. Here we also raise the question of what the differences are between the “Element Impedance” and the “Impedance in AC Circuit Analysis”

Lecture 8 covers the differences between “Element Impedance” and the “Impedance in AC Circuit Analysis”. We also revisit the “Laplace Table” to discuss how “Poles” can help us further simplify our circuit analysis.

This quiz covers the important concepts from Lecture 7 & 8

Assignment 2 - Analyzing a RLC Circuit Using Laplace Transform
System Analysis

Lecture 9 introduces the concept of a “System.” Here we discuss what Systems and Transfer Functions are and how it helps us to have flexible input and output signals. We also look at how to connect systems together mathematically.

In Lecture 10 we look at a different Transfer Function H(w) (as opposed to H(s)), why we use H(w) and how to produce a “Bode Plot” and a “Phase Plot” from this transfer function H(w)

This quiz will help you test your knowledge on the important concepts of systems.

Signal Analysis

In Lecture 11, we learn to break down signals using “Fourier Series” or “Fourier Transform.” You will see how Fourier Transform is applied using a simple Python Program.

This quiz will test your understandings on Fourier Series and Fourier Transform.

An Introduction to Filter Design

Lecture 12 utilises all the concepts we learn throughout the course and demonstrates how a typical filter design carries out. In this lecture, we discuss filter types, filter orders and some well-known filters, such as Chebyshev, Butterworth and so on.

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Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in ELEC2000 - Circuits, Signals & Systems with these activities:
Review Complex Numbers
Strengthen your understanding of complex numbers, which are fundamental to understanding impedance, Laplace transforms, and Fourier analysis in circuits and systems.
Browse courses on Complex Numbers
Show steps
  • Review the definition and properties of complex numbers.
  • Practice arithmetic operations with complex numbers.
  • Understand the polar representation of complex numbers.
Review Differential Equations
Refresh your knowledge of differential equations, as they are used to model the behavior of circuits with capacitors and inductors.
Browse courses on Differential Equations
Show steps
  • Review the different types of differential equations.
  • Practice solving first-order and second-order differential equations.
  • Understand how to apply initial conditions to find unique solutions.
Schaum's Outline of Electric Circuits
Work through practice problems in Schaum's Outline to solidify your understanding of circuit analysis techniques.
Show steps
  • Select chapters related to the current course topics.
  • Work through the solved problems, paying attention to the methodology.
  • Attempt the supplementary problems and check your answers.
Four other activities
Expand to see all activities and additional details
Show all seven activities
Laplace Transform Practice
Practice converting time-domain functions to the s-domain and vice versa to master Laplace transforms.
Show steps
  • Find Laplace transforms of common functions (step, ramp, exponential).
  • Use partial fraction expansion to find inverse Laplace transforms.
  • Solve circuit problems using Laplace transforms.
Create a Bode Plot Tutorial
Create a tutorial explaining how to generate Bode plots, which will deepen your understanding of frequency response.
Show steps
  • Choose a transfer function to analyze.
  • Calculate the magnitude and phase response.
  • Create a visual representation of the Bode plot.
  • Write a clear explanation of the plot's features.
Design a Simple Filter
Design a low-pass or high-pass filter using the knowledge gained in the course to reinforce filter design principles.
Show steps
  • Define the filter specifications (cutoff frequency, order).
  • Choose appropriate components (resistors, capacitors, inductors).
  • Simulate the filter's performance using software.
  • Analyze the simulation results and refine the design.
Signals and Systems
Study the textbook 'Signals and Systems' to gain a deeper understanding of the mathematical concepts behind signal processing.
Show steps
  • Read chapters related to Fourier and Laplace transforms.
  • Work through the examples and exercises.
  • Focus on the theoretical derivations and proofs.

Career center

Learners who complete ELEC2000 - Circuits, Signals & Systems will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:
Electrical Engineer
As an electrical engineer, you design, develop, test, and supervise the manufacturing of electrical equipment. You can make use of the core electrical engineering principles taught in this course. Specifically, the course content focused on circuit analysis, including RL, RC, and RLC circuits, will be directly applicable to designing and troubleshooting electrical systems. The course also introduces you to Laplace transforms, element impedance, and frequency response, which are essential for understanding circuit behavior. Further, the filter design section in this course may provide a practical application of your electrical engineering work.
Electronics Engineer
As an electronics engineer, you design, develop, test, and manufacture electronic components and systems. This course provides a solid base in circuit analysis that may be valuable in this career. The course's coverage of circuit analysis techniques, including how to simplify circuit analysis using forced and natural response, element impedance, and Laplace transforms, may be especially helpful. The course covers system transfer functions and frequency response. Also, the course gives you experience in filter design. An electronics engineer may find the Python program discussed in the Signals module particularly relevant for signal processing applications.
Control Systems Engineer
As a control systems engineer, you design and implement systems to control dynamic systems. This course may give you a strong base for understanding the fundamental concepts in this field. The course’s system analysis section, which introduces transfer functions and frequency response, may be particularly relevant. The course’s coverage of Laplace transforms and their application to circuit analysis will help you understand how control systems respond to different inputs. Since control systems heavily rely on signal processing, this course may be helpful for you because it provides exposure to Fourier series and transforms. For example, you may find knowledge of Python and the design of filters useful.
Signal Processing Engineer
As a signal processing engineer, you analyze, design, and develop algorithms and systems for processing signals. This course may equip you with the foundational knowledge and skills you need. You will most likely apply the concepts of Fourier series and Fourier transforms, taught in the course, to analyze and manipulate signals. The design and implementation of digital filters are fundamental to signal processing, and this course gives you practical experience with this topic. Further, the course may provide a solid foundation in circuit analysis, including Laplace transforms and frequency response, which are essential for understanding the behavior of signal processing systems.
Embedded Systems Engineer
As an embedded systems engineer, you design, develop, and implement software and hardware for embedded systems. This course will help you develop the foundational knowledge you need in this field. The course’s content on circuit analysis, Laplace transforms, and filter design may be very applicable to designing and analyzing the electronic components of these embedded systems. Your system analysis knowledge, including transfer functions and frequency response, will be valuable for understanding system behavior. The course also explores the use of Python for signal analysis, which you can apply to embedded systems programming. The course may benefit someone working with both the hardware and software aspects of embedded systems.
Instrumentation Engineer
As an instrumentation engineer, you design, develop, and maintain instruments and control systems used in various industries. This course may help prepare you for this role. A deep understanding of circuit analysis techniques is essential for instrumentation engineers, and this course gives you a solid background in this area. The course will introduce you to transfer functions and frequency response, which may allow you to analyze and design control systems. Since instrumentation often involves signal processing, the course’s coverage of Fourier series and transforms, as well as filter design, may prove useful in your career.
Power Systems Engineer
As a power systems engineer, you design, develop, and maintain systems for generating, transmitting, and distributing electrical power. This course may provide you with some of the fundamental knowledge in this area. A strong understanding of circuit analysis is essential for power systems engineers, and the course offers broad coverage of this topic, from basic circuit elements to more advanced techniques like Laplace transforms and impedance analysis. The course content on systems and transfer functions may also be applicable to analyzing the stability and control of power systems.
RF Engineer
As an radio frequency engineer, you design, develop, and test radio frequency components and systems used in wireless communication and other applications. This course may provide a strong foundation in circuit analysis and signal processing, which are essential for RF engineering. The course’s exploration of Laplace transforms, element impedance, and frequency response is particularly relevant to understanding the behavior of RF circuits. Moreover, you may find the exploration of Fourier analysis useful for understanding and manipulating RF signals. Further, the lessons about filter design may be applicable to RF filter design.
Product Development Engineer
As a product development engineer, you design, develop, and test new products. This course may be helpful in allowing you to successfully design products with electronic components. The product development process may require the use of circuit analysis techniques, so the lessons on RL, RC, and RLC circuits may be helpful. The course covers systems and transfer functions, and may help you flexibly design products with input and output signals. Finally, a product development engineer may find the lectures on filter design useful for designing a product.
Applications Engineer
As an applications engineer, you provide technical support and guidance to customers using a company's products. This course may be relevant for applications engineers in the electronics or electrical engineering sectors. A familiarity with circuit analysis techniques is essential for troubleshooting and supporting customers using electronic components and systems, so this course may be especially helpful to you. An applications engineer may find the filter design lesson helpful in this context.
Test Engineer
As a test engineer, you design and implement tests to ensure the quality and reliability of products. This course may be helpful for test engineers working with electronic or electrical products. For example, this course may give you experience in circuit analysis techniques to analyze the performance of circuits under various test conditions. The system analysis and signal processing sections may provide a background for designing tests that evaluate system behavior and signal integrity. Further, the material on filter design may allow you to test filter performance.
Hardware Engineer
As a hardware engineer, you design, develop, and test computer systems and components. The material in this course may give you a foundation in circuit analysis and signal processing. You may find the lessons on circuit analysis, including Laplace transforms and frequency response, useful for understanding the behavior of computer hardware. Topics covered in the signal processing section may also be useful in your hardware engineering career.
Robotics Engineer
As a robotics engineer, you design, develop, and test robots and robotic systems. This course may be useful in allowing students to understand the electrical and electronic components of robots. The course's material on circuit analysis, systems, and control may provide you with the background they need to design and analyze the electrical and electronic systems within robots. Further, the course may provide you with hands-on experience and theoretical background with signal processing and filter design, which may be useful.
Firmware Engineer
As a firmware engineer, you develop the software that controls hardware devices. This course may provide you with a foundation in the underlying electrical and electronic principles. By taking this course, the material on circuit analysis, signal processing, and filter design may be helpful in understanding how the hardware interacts with the software. The course also has the potential to give you a deeper understanding of the hardware to allow them to write more efficient and effective firmware.
Computer Engineer
As a computer engineer, you design and develop computer systems and their components, integrating both hardware and software. This course may provide a beneficial foundation for the hardware aspects of computer engineering. Learning about circuit analysis, Laplace transforms, and filter design could deepen your comprehension of how computer hardware works and interacts. The system analysis section, which covers transfer functions and frequency response, could assist you in analyzing the behavior of complex digital circuits and systems.

Reading list

We've selected two books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in ELEC2000 - Circuits, Signals & Systems.
Provides a comprehensive overview of electric circuits, with numerous solved problems. It is particularly useful for reinforcing the concepts of circuit analysis, Laplace transforms, and Fourier analysis. The book is commonly used as a supplementary textbook and reference by students and professionals alike. It adds depth to the course by providing a wide range of practice problems and detailed solutions.
This classic textbook provides a rigorous treatment of signals and systems, including Fourier analysis and Laplace transforms. It is valuable as additional reading to deepen understanding of the mathematical foundations of the course. While not required for the course, it offers a more theoretical perspective and is commonly used in advanced undergraduate and graduate courses.

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