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Tony Ceraso

We are inspired by human space exploration, but these space robots can go places humans could never go – and for longer periods of time. Much of the exploration we’ve accomplished in the solar system is because of our ability to make robots and send them to explore. They travel as speeds humans could not endure, they don’t need water, heat or food and they don’t need to be entertained - they just work. Explore the many different kinds of robot emissaries we’ve sent into the solar system and what unexpected discoveries they’ve made for us.

This Course includes the following great

  • Mini-Lesson: Eclipses

  • Read more

    We are inspired by human space exploration, but these space robots can go places humans could never go – and for longer periods of time. Much of the exploration we’ve accomplished in the solar system is because of our ability to make robots and send them to explore. They travel as speeds humans could not endure, they don’t need water, heat or food and they don’t need to be entertained - they just work. Explore the many different kinds of robot emissaries we’ve sent into the solar system and what unexpected discoveries they’ve made for us.

    This Course includes the following great

  • Mini-Lesson: Eclipses

  • Mini-Lesson: Meteor Showers

  • Mini-Lesson: Aurora

  • Robotic Space Exploration

    1. Objective

    2. Warm-up activities

    3. Glossary of terms

    4. Definition and characteristics of robotic exploring

    5. Robots in society and popular culture

    6. Advantages and disadvantages of space exploration using robotic craft

    7. Comparing and contrasting human and robotic spacecraft and exploration

    8. The dangers and challenges of manned space flight

    9. Why we explore

    10. Current robotic missions throughout the Solar System

    Types of robotic missions and their applications in the Solar System

    11. Multistage rockets

    12. The space shuttle

    Flyby

    13. Fuel savings

    14. Chinese Moon observations

    15. Studying comets

    Orbiters

    16. Long-term observations of Mars, including the Reconnaissance Orbiter

    17. Deceleration using air breaking and the first law of motion

    18. Long-term power from the Sun and power storage

    19. Communicating over large distances

    20. Cassini orbiter around Saturn

    Landers

    21. Landing techniques and challenges using rockets, airbags and parachutes

    22. Early Venus landings by the Soviet’s Venera

    23. Venus Express

    24. Early Moon landers: Luna and Ranger

    25. Landing on a comet: the Philae lander

    Rovers

    26. Entry, decent and landing

    27. Landers delivering rovers

    28. Sojourner and Opportunity rovers on Mars

    29. Distance limits, self-maintenance, energy and communication techniques

    30. Escaping from the landers after delivery

    Penetrators

    31. Penetrator form and function

    32. Moon penetrator LCROSS looking for water

    33. Martian penetrators

    Observatories

    34. Earth and Sun orbiting craft, including the Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer

    35. Advantages and disadvantages of observatories orbiting the Sun and Earth

    Communication Craft

    36. Primary functions

    37. Deep-space communication systems and Solar System exploration

    Atmospheric Craft

    38. Function of atmospheric crafts

    39. Atmospheric studies done on Jupiter, Venus, Mars and Saturn’s moon Titan

    40. Detailed explanation of Huygens probe on Titan

    41. Multiple-category crafts

    42. Terrestrial planets

    Mercury

    43. Brief description of Mercury

    44. History of crafts to Mercury, including Mariner series

    45. Current crafts studying the planet

    46. Future missions to Mercury, including BepiColombo

    Venus

    47. Brief description of Venus

    48. History of crafts to Venus, including Venera and Mariner series

    49. Future missions to Venus

    Mars

    50. Brief description of Mars

    51. History of crafts to Mars

    52. Communication delays with robots on Mars

    53. Current crafts studying the planet and their durations

    54. Future missions to Mars

    55. Space travel using the “Gravity Assist” method – description of the physics and practical application

    56. Crafts leaving the Solar System: Voyager and Pioneer series

    57. Test questions

    58. Cross-curricular activities

    Enroll now

    What's inside

    Learning objectives

    • We are inspired by human space exploration, but these space robots can go places humans could never go – and for longer periods of time. much of the exploration we’ve accomplished in the solar system is because of our ability to make robots and send them to explore. they travel as speeds humans could not endure, they don’t need water, heat or food and they don’t need to be entertained - they just work. explore the many different kinds of robot emissaries we’ve sent into the solar system and what unexpected discoveries they’ve made for us.
    • Definition and characteristics of robotic exploring
    • Robots in society and popular culture
    • Advantages and disadvantages of space exploration using robotic craft
    • Comparing and contrasting human and robotic spacecraft and exploration
    • The dangers and challenges of manned space flight
    • Why we explore
    • Current robotic missions throughout the solar system
    • Types of robotic missions and their applications in the solar system: multistage rockets the space shuttle
    • Flyby robots: fuel savings, chinese moon observations, studying comets
    • Orbiting robots: long-term observations of mars, including the reconnaissance orbiter, deceleration using air breaking and the first law of motion, long-term power from the sun and power storage, communicating over large distances, cassini orbiter around saturn
    • Robotic landers: landing techniques and challenges using rockets, airbags and parachutes, early venus landings by the soviet’s venera, venus express, early moon landers: luna and ranger, landing on a comet: the philae lander
    • Robot rovers: entry, decent and landing, landers delivering rovers, sojourner and opportunity rovers on mars, distance limits, self-maintenance, energy and communication techniques, escaping from the landers after delivery
    • Robotic penetrators: penetrator form and function, moon penetrator lcross looking for water, martian penetrators
    • Robotic observatories: earth and sun orbiting craft, including the hubble space telescope and spitzer, advantages and disadvantages of observatories orbiting the sun and earth
    • Robotic communication crafts: primary functions, deep-space communication systems and solar system exploration
    • Robotic atmospheric crafts: function of atmospheric crafts, atmospheric studies done on jupiter, venus, mars and saturn’s moon titan, detailed explanation of huygens probe on titan, multiple-category crafts and terrestrial planets
    • Robotically exploring mercury: brief description of mercury history and of crafts to mercury, including mariner series current crafts, studying the planet, future missions to mercury, including bepicolombo
    • Robotically exploring venus: brief description of venus' history of crafts to venus, including venera and mariner series, future missions to venus
    • Robotically exploring mars: a brief description of mars' history of crafts to mars, communication delays with robots on mars, current crafts studying the planet and their durations, future missions to mars, space travel using the “gravity assist” method – description of the physics and practical application, crafts leaving the solar system: voyager and pioneer series
    • Test questions and answers
    • Cross-curricular activities
    • Show more
    • Show less

    Syllabus

    Introduction
    Introduction, Objective, Warm-up Activities
    Main Lesson: Robotic Space Exploration
    Main Lesson Part I
    Read more

    Traffic lights

    Read about what's good
    what should give you pause
    and possible dealbreakers
    Explores the advantages and disadvantages of using robotic craft for space exploration, offering a balanced perspective for space enthusiasts
    Examines current robotic missions throughout the Solar System, providing up-to-date information on ongoing space exploration efforts
    Details the history of crafts sent to Mercury, Venus, and Mars, including the Mariner and Venera series, offering a historical perspective
    Discusses the challenges of manned space flight, contrasting them with robotic missions, which may highlight the benefits of unmanned exploration
    Includes mini-lessons on eclipses, meteor showers, and auroras, which may be too basic for advanced learners in astronomy or astrophysics
    Covers the physics and practical application of the 'Gravity Assist' method, which may require some prior knowledge of physics for full comprehension

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    Reviews summary

    Survey of robotic space exploration missions

    According to learners, this course offers a broad and fascinating overview of robotic space exploration missions across the solar system. Students appreciate the course's attempt to cover a wide variety of robot types, from orbiters and landers to rovers and penetrators, and highlight its exploration of missions to different planets. While some may find the sheer breadth means certain topics lack depth, especially for those seeking technical detail, many feel it provides a solid introduction to the history and achievements of robotic space science, featuring interesting historical context and discussions of challenges like communication delays and landing techniques.
    Adds engagement with extra materials.
    "The mini-lessons on topics like eclipses were a nice bonus."
    "Appreciated the suggested activities to reinforce learning."
    "Test questions helped solidify what I learned."
    Covers past achievements & current efforts.
    "It was interesting to learn about the early Venera and Luna missions."
    "I liked how they included both historical context and recent missions like Cassini."
    "Gives a good sense of progress from early attempts to modern robots."
    Wide coverage of robot types & missions.
    "I learned about so many different missions I'd never heard of before."
    "It was great to see all the various robot types and what they do."
    "The course really does give you a wide perspective on robotic exploration."
    Accessible for beginners.
    "As someone new to space exploration history, this course was a perfect starting point."
    "Very accessible even without a science background, explains concepts clearly."
    "Great way to get a basic understanding of different space robots."
    Good overview but not highly detailed.
    "I wish some of the technical parts, like air braking physics, were explained more fully."
    "If you're looking for deep dives into specific technologies, this isn't it, it's more of a survey."
    "Provides a nice general picture, but don't expect specialized engineering details."

    Activities

    Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Robotic Space Exploration with these activities:
    Review Basic Physics Concepts
    Reinforce your understanding of fundamental physics principles, as these concepts are essential for grasping the mechanics of space travel, orbital mechanics, and the operation of robotic spacecraft.
    Browse courses on Newton's Laws
    Show steps
    • Review notes from previous physics courses.
    • Work through practice problems related to mechanics and gravity.
    • Watch online videos explaining key physics concepts.
    Read 'Packing for Mars' by Mary Roach
    Gain a better appreciation for the challenges of space travel, which will help you understand why robotic missions are so crucial and how they complement human exploration efforts.
    View Packing for Mars on Amazon
    Show steps
    • Obtain a copy of 'Packing for Mars'.
    • Read the book, taking notes on interesting facts and challenges.
    • Reflect on how the human challenges compare to the limitations of robots.
    Create a Presentation on a Current Robotic Mission
    Deepen your understanding of current robotic missions by researching and presenting on a specific mission, such as the Mars Perseverance rover or the Europa Clipper.
    Show steps
    • Choose a current robotic space exploration mission.
    • Research the mission's objectives, spacecraft, and findings.
    • Create a presentation summarizing your research.
    • Present your findings to classmates or online forums.
    Four other activities
    Expand to see all activities and additional details
    Show all seven activities
    Read 'The Martian' by Andy Weir
    Explore the challenges of space exploration through a fictional lens, which can help you appreciate the ingenuity and problem-solving skills required for both human and robotic missions.
    Show steps
    • Obtain a copy of 'The Martian'.
    • Read the book, paying attention to the scientific and engineering challenges faced by the protagonist.
    • Consider how robotic missions could have aided or prevented the protagonist's situation.
    Design a Robotic Lunar Rover
    Apply your knowledge by designing a robotic lunar rover, considering factors such as mobility, power, communication, and scientific instrumentation.
    Show steps
    • Define the mission objectives for your lunar rover.
    • Research existing lunar rovers and their designs.
    • Design the rover's chassis, power system, and communication system.
    • Select appropriate scientific instruments for the rover.
    • Create a presentation outlining your rover's design and capabilities.
    Create a 3D Model of a Robotic Spacecraft
    Solidify your understanding of spacecraft design by creating a 3D model of a specific robotic spacecraft, such as the Voyager probe or the Curiosity rover.
    Show steps
    • Choose a robotic spacecraft to model.
    • Gather reference images and technical specifications of the spacecraft.
    • Use 3D modeling software to create a detailed model of the spacecraft.
    • Add textures and materials to enhance the model's realism.
    • Share your model online or in a virtual gallery.
    Contribute to a Space Exploration Simulation Project
    Enhance your skills by contributing to an open-source space exploration simulation project, such as designing new spacecraft models or implementing realistic physics simulations.
    Show steps
    • Find an open-source space exploration simulation project on platforms like GitHub.
    • Explore the project's codebase and documentation.
    • Identify areas where you can contribute, such as bug fixes, new features, or documentation improvements.
    • Submit your contributions to the project maintainers for review.

    Career center

    Learners who complete Robotic Space Exploration will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:
    Spacecraft Systems Engineer
    A spacecraft systems engineer is responsible for the overall design, development, and testing of spacecraft and their subsystems. This role requires a comprehensive understanding of spacecraft operations, including various mission types explored in this course, such as flybys, orbiters, landers, and rovers. Knowledge of robotic space exploration and the challenges of deep-space communication, as discussed in the course, are directly applicable to the work of a spacecraft systems engineer. The course's detailed exploration of current robotic missions throughout the Solar System and the specific technologies used in those missions, offers a strong foundation for someone looking to pursue this career.
    Robotics Engineer
    A robotics engineer designs, develops, and tests robotic systems and their components. This position requires a deep understanding of the functionality and design of different types of space robots, including rovers, landers, and penetrators, all of which are discussed in this course. The course's content, covering topics such as entry, descent, and landing techniques, as well as self-maintenance, energy, and communication strategies for robotic missions, provides a solid base for a robotics engineer. An understanding of current robotic missions, as explored in the course, is useful for someone interested in applying robotic technology in space exploration.
    Mission Planner
    A mission planner is responsible for planning and coordinating space missions, outlining specific objectives, timelines, and resource allocations. This role requires an understanding of the various types of robotic missions, including flybys, orbiters, landers, rovers, and penetrators, covered in the course. An understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of different mission types, as discussed in the coursework, is essential for a mission planner. The knowledge of current robotic missions throughout the Solar System, covered in the course, provides valuable context for planning future exploration efforts.
    Aerospace Engineer
    An aerospace engineer works in the design, development, and testing of aircraft and spacecraft. The course's overview of robotic space exploration, including the various types of missions and the technology involved, provides considerable insights for an aerospace engineer. The course’s lessons on multistage rockets, the space shuttle, and different types of space probes, also offer relevant information to the career. Furthermore, the study of challenges and techniques for landing on other celestial bodies helps build a strong foundation for this line of work.
    Spacecraft Operations Specialist
    A spacecraft operations specialist manages the day-to-day operations of spacecraft, including monitoring its status, commanding maneuvers, and troubleshooting issues. This role is directly related to topics found in this course, such as communication with deep-space probes, long-term power management, and the specific challenges of each type of robotic mission. The course's detailed study of current robotic missions, including orbiters such as the Cassini mission around Saturn and landers such as the Philae lander on a comet, helps provide necessary context for a spacecraft operations specialist. It can provide a background in the challenges and requirements of robotic space exploration.
    Planetary Scientist
    A planetary scientist studies the composition, structure, and evolution of planets and other celestial bodies. The course's wide-ranging overview of robotic missions to various planets, including Mercury, Venus, and Mars, makes this course particularly relevant to those in this profession. This course discusses the specific missions to these planets, as well as the technologies, challenges, and discoveries made, which helps a planetary scientist deepen their knowledge and expertise. The course's exploration of probes and missions, such as the Voyager and Pioneer series, helps a planetary scientist understand the current state of space exploration.
    Research Scientist
    A research scientist conducts scientific investigations to expand knowledge in a specific field of study. This course’s content aligns with the work of a research scientist focusing on space exploration due to its comprehensive look at various robotic missions. The detailed discussions of current robotic missions throughout the Solar System, as well as the discoveries made by those missions, help build necessary context. A research scientist should take this course to better understand the current state of space exploration, and to gain familiarity with the technologies and methodologies used.
    Remote Sensing Scientist
    A remote sensing scientist analyzes data collected from sensors on satellites and other remote platforms. This course's content, including detailed information on orbiting observatories, and how they provide long-term observations, is beneficial to a remote sensing scientist. The course's coverage of the advantages and disadvantages of various types of observatories and the functions of atmospheric craft contributes to a deeper understanding of how data is gathered and analyzed. The course's discussion of Earth and Sun orbiting craft such as the Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer is relevant to a career as a remote sensing scientist.
    Data Analyst
    A data analyst interprets and analyzes data to identify trends and patterns for decision-making. The course's discussions on various robotic space missions, such as the long-term observations of Mars and the information gathered by the Cassini orbiter around Saturn, provide context for data analysis in space exploration. The course's content may help a data analyst understand the context of space-related datasets, and the importance of the scientific goals behind the data collection. Therefore this course may be useful to a data analyst.
    Science Educator
    A science educator is responsible for teaching science concepts to students of various ages. This course, with its deep dives into robotic space exploration, provides valuable content for someone who wishes to teach space science. The course includes explanations of the advantages and disadvantages of space exploration using robotic craft, and the differences between human and robotic exploration, all of which could form the basis of lessons. The curriculum in this course may be useful to a science educator seeking to instruct students about space exploration, as well as current robotic missions throughout the solar system.
    Science Journalist
    A science journalist researches, writes, and reports on scientific topics for a general audience. This course offers useful background knowledge for someone covering space exploration, as it introduces a variety of robotic missions and their discoveries. The course covers the history of robotic missions, current missions, and future missions throughout the solar system. The content from this course may be helpful to a science journalist looking for information on space topics.
    Technical Writer
    A technical writer creates documentation for technical products, such as spacecraft or robotic systems. The course's study of different robotic missions, from orbiters to landers, and the functionality of each, could all be the subject of technical documentation. The course's thorough approach to topics such as deep-space communication systems and landing techniques may provide background knowledge for a technical writer. This course may benefit those interested in writing technical documents for the aerospace industry.
    Software Developer
    A software developer designs and develops software applications. While this course is not focused on software development, it does present information about the context in which software may be used. The challenges of communication over large distances and the need for autonomous systems described in the course may be helpful to a software developer. Therefore, this course may be useful to a software developer.
    Project Manager
    A project manager plans, executes, and closes projects, ensuring they are completed on time and within budget. While this course doesn't focus directly on project management, its content covers the objectives, planning, and execution of complex space missions. These detailed explanations of the components of space missions and the technologies used in them may be useful to a project manager working in the aerospace field. This course may be beneficial to the career of a project manager.
    Museum curator
    A museum curator is responsible for curating and managing collections, often within a specific subject area. This course covers robotic space exploration, which gives insights into the nature of these missions, and the various types of spacecraft used, which might be of interest to a museum curator who has a focus on space exploration. Therefore this course may be useful to a museum curator.

    Reading list

    We've selected two books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Robotic Space Exploration.
    Offers a humorous and insightful look into the human side of space exploration. While this course focuses on robotic exploration, understanding the challenges humans face in space provides valuable context. It highlights why robots are often preferred for certain missions and the unique engineering considerations required for both human and robotic spacecraft. This book is best used as additional reading.
    This science fiction novel provides a compelling narrative about the challenges of survival on Mars. While fictional, it highlights many real-world engineering and scientific principles related to space exploration. It offers a unique perspective on the importance of robotic missions in paving the way for future human exploration. is best used as additional reading.

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