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Elle O'Brien

How to Describe Data examines the use of data in our everyday lives, giving you the ability to assess the usefulness and relevance of the information you encounter. In this course, learn about uncertainty’s role in measurements and how you can develop a critical eye toward evaluating statistical information in places like headlines, advertisements, and research. You’ll learn the fundamentals of discussing, evaluating, and presenting a wide range of data sets, as well as how data helps us make sense of the world. This is a broad overview of statistics and is designed for those with no previous experience in data analysis. With this course, you’ll be able to spot potentially misleading statistics and better interpret claims about data you encounter in the world. Course assessments focus on your understanding of concepts rather than solving math problems.

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How to Describe Data examines the use of data in our everyday lives, giving you the ability to assess the usefulness and relevance of the information you encounter. In this course, learn about uncertainty’s role in measurements and how you can develop a critical eye toward evaluating statistical information in places like headlines, advertisements, and research. You’ll learn the fundamentals of discussing, evaluating, and presenting a wide range of data sets, as well as how data helps us make sense of the world. This is a broad overview of statistics and is designed for those with no previous experience in data analysis. With this course, you’ll be able to spot potentially misleading statistics and better interpret claims about data you encounter in the world. Course assessments focus on your understanding of concepts rather than solving math problems.

This is the first course in Understanding Data: Navigating Statistics, Science, and AI Specialization, where you’ll gain a core foundation for statistical and data literacy and gain an understanding of the data we encounter in our everyday lives.

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What's inside

Syllabus

Welcome, Introduction & What Makes a Statistic Useful?
Rethinking Certainty
Talking about Numbers
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Traffic lights

Read about what's good
what should give you pause
and possible dealbreakers
Geared for learners without a statistics background, this course strikes a balance between accessibility and comprehensiveness
Taught by Elle O'Brien, who are recognized for their work in statistics education
Serves as a foundation for the Understanding Data: Navigating Statistics, Science, and AI Specialization
Develops critical thinking skills for evaluating statistical information encountered in everyday life
May require a specific interest in data analysis to fully engage with the content
Focuses on understanding concepts rather than solving mathematical problems

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Reviews summary

Broad data literacy for beginners

According to learners, "How to Describe Data" is a largely positive experience, particularly suited for absolute beginners with no prior data analysis experience. Students highly commend its focus on conceptual understanding rather than getting bogged down in complex math. The course is praised for providing clear explanations and well-structured lectures, empowering individuals to critically evaluate statistical information they encounter in everyday life, from news headlines to advertisements. While it serves as a solid foundation for the broader Understanding Data Specialization, some learners with prior statistics knowledge might find the content too basic.
Lectures are well-structured, easy to follow, and concise.
"The lectures are incredibly clear, breaking down complex ideas into manageable pieces."
"The explanations are clear, concise, and highly relevant."
"I've always struggled with statistics, but this course made it accessible and interesting."
Empowers learners to critically assess data in daily life.
"Now I feel much more confident in my ability to interpret news headlines and advertisements that use statistics."
"It truly gives you a critical eye for data in everyday life."
"I can already apply what I've learned to better understand reports at work."
Emphasizes understanding concepts over complex calculations.
"I loved how it focused on understanding concepts rather than getting bogged down in math formulas."
"The course delivered on its promise to teach how to evaluate statistical information without requiring advanced mathematical skills."
"Assessments genuinely test your understanding of the material rather than your math skills."
Perfect for those with no prior data analysis experience.
"This course is exactly what I needed as someone with absolutely no prior data analysis experience."
"As a non-technical professional, this course was perfect for improving my data literacy."
"The course is okay, but quite basic. If you have any prior exposure to statistics or data concepts, you might find it too simplistic."
May be too simplistic for those with prior statistics knowledge.
"If you have any prior exposure to statistics or data concepts, you might find it too simplistic."
"I expected a bit more challenge or deeper dives into certain topics, even conceptually."
"If you're looking for something that teaches you how to *do* data analysis with software, this isn't it..."

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in How to Describe Data with these activities:
Review Basic Probability and Statistics
Ensure a solid foundation by reviewing the fundamentals of probability and statistics before starting the course.
Browse courses on Probability
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  • Review concepts such as probability distributions, hypothesis testing, and regression.
  • Solve practice problems to reinforce your understanding.
Read "How to Lie with Statistics"
Become aware of the potential pitfalls and biases in statistics to make more informed decisions based on data.
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  • Read and understand the main arguments of the book.
  • Identify examples of misleading statistics in everyday life.
Excel Math
Refine your Excel skills to ensure that you are ready for this course.
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  • Review basic Excel functions and formulas
  • Develop proficiency in data manipulation techniques
Six other activities
Expand to see all activities and additional details
Show all nine activities
Learn Data Visualization Techniques
Enhance your ability to present data effectively by learning industry-standard data visualization techniques.
Browse courses on Data Visualization
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  • Explore different types of data visualizations.
  • Learn best practices for choosing the right visualization for different types of data.
  • Gain proficiency in using a data visualization tool.
Solve Real-World Data Problems
Hone your data analysis skills by solving problems that mirror real-world scenarios.
Browse courses on Data Analysis
Show steps
  • Identify the problem and define the variables.
  • Collect and clean the data.
  • Analyze the data using statistical techniques.
  • Interpret the results and draw conclusions.
Create a Data Story
Develop your ability to communicate data insights effectively by creating a compelling data story.
Browse courses on Data Storytelling
Show steps
  • Choose a dataset that interests you.
  • Explore the data and identify patterns and trends.
  • Develop a narrative that explains the insights you've found.
  • Create a visual representation of your data story.
Join a Study Group
Connect with fellow learners to discuss course concepts, share insights, and support each other's learning.
Show steps
  • Find a study group or create your own.
  • Meet regularly to discuss course materials.
  • Work together on assignments or projects.
Volunteer at a Data Analytics Organization
Gain hands-on experience and make a meaningful contribution by volunteering your skills at a data analytics organization.
Browse courses on Data Analytics
Show steps
  • Research and identify volunteer opportunities.
  • Apply for and secure a volunteer position.
  • Contribute to data analytics projects under the guidance of experienced professionals.
Contribute to Open-Source Data Projects
Enhance your skills and contribute to the data community by getting involved in open-source data projects.
Browse courses on Open Source
Show steps
  • Identify open-source data projects that align with your interests.
  • Review the project documentation and code.
  • Contribute to the project by fixing bugs or adding new features.

Career center

Learners who complete How to Describe Data will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:

Reading list

We've selected 50 books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in How to Describe Data.
The third edition of the essential guide to data wrangling with pandas, NumPy, and Jupyter in Python. Updated for newer versions of the libraries, this book remains a core resource for anyone performing data analysis in Python. It widely used textbook and reference for its clear explanations and practical examples.
A seminal work in the field of statistical learning, this book covers advanced topics at the intersection of statistics and machine learning. It key reference for graduate students, researchers, and professionals working in data science and related areas. While mathematically rigorous, it provides in-depth coverage of modern statistical techniques.
Equips readers with the tools to identify and challenge misinformation, particularly in the context of data and statistics. It's a timely and practical guide for developing critical thinking skills relevant to the digital age and navigating misleading information. Highly recommended for all audiences.
Is specifically geared towards data scientists and provides a practical guide to statistical concepts relevant in the field. It focuses on the statistical methods most useful in a data science context and includes code examples in R and Python. It's highly relevant for professionals and graduate students applying statistics in data-driven roles.
Provides an accessible introduction to causal inference, a crucial topic in contemporary statistics and data science for determining cause-and-effect relationships. It's suitable for graduate students and researchers in social sciences, economics, and data science. The book uses a modern approach and includes coding examples, making it highly practical for applied work.
Focused on effective communication of data insights, this book teaches readers how to create compelling data visualizations and narratives. It is highly relevant for undergraduate students, graduate students, and working professionals who need to present data findings persuasively. It emphasizes the practical aspects of data interpretation and communication in a business context.
Considered a classic in the field, this comprehensive textbook covers both probability and statistics in depth. It's often used in graduate-level courses and provides a rigorous treatment of the subject matter. is excellent for deepening one's theoretical understanding and valuable reference for researchers and professionals.
Focuses on combining data, narrative, and visuals to create compelling data stories that can influence decisions. It is highly relevant for professionals and graduate students who need to communicate data insights effectively to a non-technical audience. It builds upon data visualization by adding the crucial element of storytelling.
Provides a foundational understanding of the fundamental principles of data science and the data-analytic thinking necessary for extracting value from data in a business context. It is highly relevant for undergraduate business analytics programs and working professionals. It serves as a useful reference for understanding the business applications of data analysis and is commonly used as a textbook.
A seminal work in data visualization, this book provides timeless principles for creating effective and accurate graphical displays of quantitative data. It is essential for anyone serious about presenting data clearly and honestly, making it valuable for undergraduate students through working professionals. critical reference for understanding best practices in visual data interpretation.
Carl Sagan's बुक powerful defense of science and reason against pseudoscience and irrationality. It introduces the 'Baloney Detection Kit,' a set of tools for skeptical thinking and evaluating claims. This is an inspiring read for all audiences, particularly relevant for navigating misinformation in the contemporary world.
Considered a classic in the field, this book offers a deep dive into the theoretical underpinnings of hypothesis testing. It is highly rigorous and best suited for graduate students and researchers focusing on the mathematical theory of statistics. It serves as an invaluable reference for advanced topics.
This open-source textbook provides a solid foundation in introductory statistics, covering a wide range of topics with clear explanations and real-world examples. It's suitable for high school and undergraduate students and is often used as a primary textbook in introductory courses. The book includes numerous datasets and exercises, making it a practical resource for learning by doing.
Developed from popular Harvard lectures, this book provides an intuitive introduction to probability, focusing on understanding concepts through examples and applications. It is suitable for undergraduates and can be a good supplementary resource for those in data science and related fields. An updated edition was published in 2019.
Provides a non-technical introduction to statistical thinking and how to interpret data in the context of real-world problems. It is suitable for all audiences and is particularly good for building statistical literacy and a critical approach to data presented in the media and elsewhere. It emphasizes understanding the story behind the data.
Offers a concise yet comprehensive overview of the essential topics in statistical inference, suitable for students with a strong mathematical background. It's often used in graduate-level statistics and machine learning programs. The book provides a solid theoretical foundation and covers a wide range of modern topics, making it relevant for contemporary applications.
Julia Galef introduces the concepts of 'soldier mindset' (defending your beliefs) and 'scout mindset' (seeing the world as it is). This framework is excellent for understanding the psychological barriers to objective critical thinking and offers strategies for adopting a more open and accurate perspective. Highly relevant for all levels.
True to its title, this book offers a straightforward and accessible introduction to statistical concepts and techniques. It's particularly useful for undergraduate students and those in fields outside of statistics who need to understand and interpret statistical results. Each chapter clearly explains a statistical technique, when to use it, how it works, and provides examples of how to write about the results.
This well-regarded textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to mathematical statistics with a focus on data analysis. It's suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in statistics and related fields. The book emphasizes the connection between statistical theory and real-world data problems, making it a valuable reference.
This definitive text on the analysis of categorical data, covering a wide range of models and methods. It standard reference for graduate students and researchers in statistics and various applied fields. The book provides comprehensive coverage of this important area of statistics.
This recent book offers practical strategies for improving decision-making and avoiding common mental traps. It translates complex ideas into accessible advice, making it valuable for a broad audience, including professionals seeking to enhance their practical critical thinking skills in daily life and work.
Authored by prominent figures in the critical thinking movement, this book provides a framework and tools for applying critical thinking concepts to various aspects of life. It's a practical guide for developing critical thinking as a habit and is suitable for a wide audience, including professionals.
Exposes the gender data gap and its impact on women, highlighting how data collection and interpretation can be skewed by inherent biases. It is crucial for all audiences to understand the societal implications of biased data and the importance of inclusive data practices for accurate interpretation. It sheds light on a critical contemporary issue in data.
This book, also by Sheldon Ross, focuses more on the applications of probability theory through the use of models. It covers stochastic processes and their applications in various fields, making it valuable for undergraduates and graduate students in applied areas. It common textbook in universities.
Covers the principles and techniques for creating effective data visualizations, focusing on how to represent data accurately and clearly. It's valuable for students and professionals who want to deepen their understanding of visualization best practices for data interpretation. It provides a solid foundation in the theory and practice of data visualization.
Focuses on the process of building and evaluating predictive models using a variety of statistical and machine learning techniques. It's a practical guide for students and professionals involved in predictive analytics. The book covers essential concepts and provides detailed examples, making it a valuable resource for applied work.
Offers a new way of thinking about data science and ethics informed by intersectional feminist thought. It challenges existing power structures within data and explores how data can be used to work towards justice. It's highly relevant for contemporary discussions around fairness and bias in data analysis.
Provides a practical guide to creating informative data visualizations using R and ggplot2. It is suitable for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as professionals, who want to develop hands-on data visualization skills for interpreting and presenting data. It serves as a useful reference for applying visualization principles.
Rigorous, measure-theory based introduction to probability theory, typically used for graduate-level courses. It delves deeply into the theoretical underpinnings of probability and is essential for those seeking a deep understanding. It widely cited and respected text in the field.
Is an excellent starting point for anyone new to data analysis or statistics. It demystifies core statistical concepts without relying heavily on mathematical formulas, making it highly accessible for high school and undergraduate students. It provides a strong foundation in the intuition behind statistical analysis and helps readers understand how data can be used and misused. This is valuable background reading that builds prerequisite knowledge.
Focuses on robust statistical methods, which are particularly relevant in contemporary data analysis when assumptions of traditional tests are not met. It covers robust approaches to hypothesis testing and is valuable for researchers and practitioners dealing with real-world data that may contain outliers or deviations from normality. The latest editions incorporate R.
Explores the challenges of making predictions in a data-rich world and emphasizes the importance of probability and uncertainty in data interpretation. It's a thought-provoking read for all audiences interested in understanding the limitations and nuances of data analysis in forecasting. It provides valuable context for interpreting probabilistic data.
This foundational book that provides an accessible introduction to common statistical misuses and how to identify misleading data presentations. It is particularly useful for high school and undergraduate students to build a critical perspective on data they encounter daily. While not a comprehensive textbook, it serves as an excellent starting point for understanding the potential pitfalls in data interpretation and is considered a classic in the field.
This widely used textbook in critical thinking courses at the college level. It provides a comprehensive introduction to the subject, covering topics such as argument analysis, deductive and inductive reasoning, and fallacies. It includes numerous exercises to practice critical thinking skills and solid reference tool for students and instructors.
This textbook offers a solid theoretical foundation in mathematical statistics while also illustrating its practical applications. It is typically used in undergraduate programs for students majoring in statistics or related quantitative fields. The book helps solidify understanding of the mathematical underpinnings of statistical methods.
Is highly relevant for those interested in applying hypothesis testing in a business context, specifically for online controlled experiments (A/B testing). It covers practical considerations and statistical nuances of hypothesis testing in this domain and is suitable for practitioners in data science, marketing, and product management.
Provides a comprehensive introduction to both probability and random processes, covering a broad range of topics with numerous examples. It is suitable for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in mathematics, statistics, and engineering.
Dan Ariely's work delves into the irrationality of human behavior and decision-making through experiments. provides fascinating insights into the systematic errors we make, which is highly relevant for understanding the psychological barriers to critical thinking. Useful for undergraduate students and professionals.
Teaches probability and statistics using a computational approach with Python. It's ideal for students and professionals with programming experience who want to understand statistical concepts by doing. It helps solidify understanding through hands-on application.
A widely used textbook for introductory logic courses, this book covers both formal and informal logic. A strong understanding of logic is fundamental to critical thinking. is most suitable for undergraduate students and can be a valuable reference for anyone wanting to delve deeper into the mechanics of valid reasoning.
Emphasizes the importance of using statistics to build a convincing argument rather than just presenting numbers. It's a valuable resource for students and researchers across disciplines who need to effectively communicate statistical findings. It encourages a deeper understanding of the purpose and interpretation of statistical analysis.
Provides a modern introduction to statistics using R, covering data handling, visualization, and statistical inference, including hypothesis testing. It is suitable for students and practitioners who want to learn statistical concepts alongside practical implementation in R. It reflects contemporary approaches to data analysis.
This handbook provides practical guidance and examples for creating various types of data visualizations to explore and present data. It is suitable for a wide audience, including students and professionals, who want to improve their data visualization skills for better interpretation and communication. It offers hands-on techniques for visual data analysis.
Is designed for upper-level undergraduate students and provides a comprehensive introduction to both probability and statistical inference, including essential topics in hypothesis testing. It is known for its clear explanations and numerous examples, making it a good resource for solidifying fundamental concepts.
Outlines five key approaches to thinking more effectively in any field. It offers practical strategies for developing deeper understanding and problem-solving skills. Relevant for students and professionals looking to enhance their overall cognitive abilities.
SQL fundamental skill for data analysis, and this book delves into advanced techniques for working with data in databases. It's essential for anyone who needs to retrieve and manipulate data stored in relational databases. It serves as a valuable reference for more complex data extraction and transformation tasks.
Another book by Rand Wilcox focusing on modern statistical methods, this text covers alternatives to classical techniques when assumptions are violated. It includes robust hypothesis testing procedures and is valuable for researchers and graduate students seeking to apply more robust methods in their work.

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