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Younes Bensouda Mourri, Łukasz Kaiser, and Eddy Shyu

In Course 2 of the Natural Language Processing Specialization, you will:

a) Create a simple auto-correct algorithm using minimum edit distance and dynamic programming,

b) Apply the Viterbi Algorithm for part-of-speech (POS) tagging, which is vital for computational linguistics,

c) Write a better auto-complete algorithm using an N-gram language model, and

d) Write your own Word2Vec model that uses a neural network to compute word embeddings using a continuous bag-of-words model.

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In Course 2 of the Natural Language Processing Specialization, you will:

a) Create a simple auto-correct algorithm using minimum edit distance and dynamic programming,

b) Apply the Viterbi Algorithm for part-of-speech (POS) tagging, which is vital for computational linguistics,

c) Write a better auto-complete algorithm using an N-gram language model, and

d) Write your own Word2Vec model that uses a neural network to compute word embeddings using a continuous bag-of-words model.

By the end of this Specialization, you will have designed NLP applications that perform question-answering and sentiment analysis, created tools to translate languages and summarize text, and even built a chatbot!

This Specialization is designed and taught by two experts in NLP, machine learning, and deep learning. Younes Bensouda Mourri is an Instructor of AI at Stanford University who also helped build the Deep Learning Specialization. Łukasz Kaiser is a Staff Research Scientist at Google Brain and the co-author of Tensorflow, the Tensor2Tensor and Trax libraries, and the Transformer paper.

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What's inside

Syllabus

Autocorrect
Learn about autocorrect, minimum edit distance, and dynamic programming, then build your own spellchecker to correct misspelled words!
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Part of Speech Tagging and Hidden Markov Models
Learn about Markov chains and Hidden Markov models, then use them to create part-of-speech tags for a Wall Street Journal text corpus!
Autocomplete and Language Models
Learn about how N-gram language models work by calculating sequence probabilities, then build your own autocomplete language model using a text corpus from Twitter!
Word embeddings with neural networks
Learn about how word embeddings carry the semantic meaning of words, which makes them much more powerful for NLP tasks, then build your own Continuous bag-of-words model to create word embeddings from Shakespeare text.

Good to know

Know what's good
, what to watch for
, and possible dealbreakers
Focuses on core aspects of NLP, including POS tagging, language models, and word embeddings, which are essential for NLP practitioners
Taught by industry experts, Eddy Shyu and Łukasz Kaiser, who are renowned for their contributions to NLP and deep learning
Provides hands-on experience in building NLP applications using tools and algorithms like Viterbi Algorithm and N-gram language models
Course progression builds upon foundational concepts, making it suitable for learners with some background in NLP
Covers advanced topics such as Word2Vec and neural network-based word embeddings, equipping learners with in-demand skills
Requires familiarity with Python and basic machine learning concepts as prerequisites

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Reviews summary

Practical nlp models with probabilistic foundations

learners say this course gradually introduces key NLP concepts, including autocorrect, Markov models, word embeddings, and language modeling. According to students, strengths of the course include engaging assignments, clear explanations, and a good balance between theory and hands-on practice. Although the course receives largely positive feedback overall, some learners mention that the lectures could be improved by providing more in-depth explanations and by incorporating more real-world examples.
This course strikes a good balance between theoretical explanations and practical applications. You'll learn the underlying concepts behind NLP techniques and how to apply them in real-world scenarios.
"This course strikes a good balance between theoretical explanations and practical applications."
"You'll learn the underlying concepts behind NLP techniques and how to apply them in real-world scenarios."
The course material is presented in a clear and engaging manner. The instructors do a good job of breaking down complex concepts into manageable chunks.
"The course material is presented in a clear and engaging manner."
"The instructors do a good job of breaking down complex concepts into manageable chunks."
This course features hands-on assignments that help you apply the concepts you learn. These assignments are well-structured and provide a good balance between challenge and accessibility.
"The assignments are well-structured and provide a good balance between challenge and accessibility."
"The labs and assignments worked flawlessly."
To make the course more applicable to real-world scenarios, students suggest incorporating more examples of how NLP techniques are used in practice.
"To make the course more applicable to real-world scenarios, students suggest incorporating more examples of how NLP techniques are used in practice."
While the course provides a good overview of NLP concepts, some students feel that the explanations could be more in-depth. They would like to see more mathematical details and real-world examples.
"While the course provides a good overview of NLP concepts, some students feel that the explanations could be more in-depth."
"They would like to see more mathematical details and real-world examples."

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Natural Language Processing with Probabilistic Models with these activities:
Review Probability and Statistics
Review probability and statistics to strengthen your understanding of NLP concepts that rely on probabilistic models and statistical techniques.
Browse courses on Probability
Show steps
  • Review basic probability concepts such as conditional probability and Bayes' theorem.
  • Review basic statistics concepts such as mean, variance, and standard deviation.
  • Practice solving probability and statistics problems.
  • Complete online quizzes or practice exams to test your understanding.
Review Linear Algebra
Review linear algebra to strengthen your foundation for understanding NLP algorithms and models that use linear algebra, such as word embeddings and neural networks.
Browse courses on Linear Algebra
Show steps
  • Review basic linear algebra concepts such as vectors, matrices, and matrix operations.
  • Review linear algebra applications in NLP, such as dimensionality reduction and natural language understanding.
  • Practice solving linear algebra problems.
  • Complete online quizzes or practice exams to test your understanding.
Read 'Natural Language Processing with Python'
Gain a comprehensive understanding of natural language processing concepts and techniques used in Course 2 by reading this book.
Show steps
  • Read the book thoroughly.
  • Take notes and highlight important concepts.
  • Complete the exercises at the end of each chapter.
  • Discuss the book with other students or a mentor.
Four other activities
Expand to see all activities and additional details
Show all seven activities
Autocorrect Practice Using Minimum Edit Distance
Practice using minimum edit distance to correct misspelled words and improve your understanding of autocorrect algorithms.
Show steps
  • Find a dataset of misspelled words and their correct spellings.
  • Implement the minimum edit distance algorithm.
  • Use the algorithm to correct the misspelled words in the dataset.
  • Evaluate the accuracy of your algorithm.
  • Write a report on your findings.
POS Tagging Using Hidden Markov Models
Practice using hidden Markov models to tag parts of speech in text and improve your understanding of natural language processing.
Browse courses on Hidden Markov Models
Show steps
  • Find a dataset of text with part-of-speech tags.
  • Implement the Viterbi algorithm for hidden Markov models.
  • Use the algorithm to tag parts of speech in the dataset.
  • Evaluate the accuracy of your algorithm.
  • Write a report on your findings.
Autocomplete Language Model Using N-grams
Create an autocomplete language model using n-grams to improve your understanding of language modeling and natural language processing.
Browse courses on Autocomplete
Show steps
  • Find a dataset of text.
  • Implement an n-gram language model.
  • Use the model to autocomplete text.
  • Evaluate the accuracy of your model.
  • Write a report on your findings.
Word2Vec Model Using Neural Networks
Create a word2vec model using neural networks to improve your understanding of word embeddings and natural language processing.
Browse courses on Word2Vec
Show steps
  • Find a dataset of text.
  • Implement a neural network for word2vec.
  • Train the model on the dataset.
  • Use the model to generate word embeddings.
  • Write a report on your findings.

Career center

Learners who complete Natural Language Processing with Probabilistic Models will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:
Software Engineer
A Software Engineer uses engineering principles to create, deploy, maintain, and manage computer software. Whether a Software Engineer mostly writes code or manages others, knowledge of natural language processing is increasingly important as voice and text-based interfaces become more common. This course provides a foundation for understanding the probabilistic models and algorithms that are foundational to NLP.
Linguist
A Linguist studies human language in all its forms, both spoken and written. Whether they study specific aspects of a single language or study the relationships between languages, machine learning and artificial intelligence are expanding the capabilities of linguists. This course helps build a foundation in the probabilistic models and algorithms that are used in computational linguistics.
Data Scientist
A Data Scientist uses scientific principles to extract knowledge from data. This data can come from a variety of sources, from structured relational databases to unstructured text documents. Natural language processing is one of the most powerful ways to extract knowledge from text, making this course particularly relevant to Data Scientists who work with text data.
Machine Learning Engineer
A Machine Learning Engineer uses machine learning to build predictive models. These models can be used for a variety of tasks, from recommending products to detecting fraud. Natural language processing is one of the most important applications of machine learning, so this course may be useful for Machine Learning Engineers.
Natural Language Processing Engineer
A Natural Language Processing Engineer uses natural language processing to build systems that can understand and generate human language. These systems can be used for a variety of tasks, from machine translation to chatbots. This course provides a foundation for understanding the probabilistic models and algorithms that are used in NLP.
Computational Linguist
A Computational Linguist uses computer science to study human language. This field combines linguistics, computer science, and artificial intelligence to build systems that can understand and generate human language. This course provides a foundation for understanding the probabilistic models and algorithms that are used in computational linguistics.
Information Architect
An Information Architect designs and organizes information systems to make them easy to find and use. Natural language processing is increasingly important for organizing information systems, making this course may be useful for Information Architects.
User Experience Designer
A User Experience Designer designs and evaluates user interfaces to make them easy to use and enjoyable. Natural language processing is increasingly used to improve the user experience of text-based interfaces, making this course may be useful for User Experience Designers.
Content Writer
A Content Writer creates and edits written content for a variety of purposes, from marketing to journalism. Natural language processing is increasingly used to improve the quality and effectiveness of written content, making this course may be useful for Content Writers.
Technical Writer
A Technical Writer creates and edits technical documentation, such as user manuals and white papers. Natural language processing is increasingly used to improve the quality and effectiveness of technical documentation, making this course may be useful for Technical Writers.
Editor
An Editor reviews and edits written content for a variety of purposes, from marketing to journalism. Natural language processing is increasingly used to improve the quality and effectiveness of written content, making this course may be useful for Editors.
Teacher
A Teacher teaches students in a variety of settings, from elementary school to college. Natural language processing is increasingly used to improve the quality and effectiveness of education, making this course may be useful for Teachers.
Customer Service Representative
A Customer Service Representative helps customers with their questions and concerns. Natural language processing is increasingly used to improve the quality and effectiveness of customer service, making this course may be useful for Customer Service Representatives.
Recruiter
A Recruiter finds and hires candidates for open positions. Natural language processing is increasingly used to improve the quality and effectiveness of recruiting, making this course may be useful for Recruiters.
Salesperson
A Salesperson sells products and services to customers. Natural language processing is increasingly used to improve the quality and effectiveness of sales, making this course may be useful for Salespeople.

Reading list

We've selected 11 books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Natural Language Processing with Probabilistic Models.
Provides a comprehensive overview of deep learning, which powerful technique for NLP tasks. It covers topics such as neural networks, convolutional neural networks, and recurrent neural networks.
Provides a comprehensive overview of information theory, inference, and learning algorithms, which are fundamental concepts in NLP. It valuable resource for learners who want to gain a deeper understanding of the theoretical foundations of NLP.
Provides a comprehensive overview of pattern recognition and machine learning, which are fundamental concepts in NLP. It covers topics such as supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.
Provides in-depth coverage of machine learning algorithms and techniques that are specifically designed for NLP tasks, and many of the techniques in this book are the very same techniques that DeepLearning.AI uses in the NLP Specializations.
Provides a comprehensive overview of Bayesian reasoning and machine learning, which are important topics in NLP. It covers topics such as probability theory, Bayesian inference, and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods.
Speech and Language Processing comprehensive textbook that covers a wide range of topics in NLP, including fundamentals such as morphology, syntax, and semantics, as well as statistical and machine learning methods for NLP tasks such as text classification and language modeling. It valuable resource for both beginners and experienced NLP practitioners.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the mathematical foundations of machine learning, which is essential for understanding NLP algorithms and techniques. It covers topics such as linear algebra, calculus, and optimization.
While the DeepLearning.AI NLP Specialization uses Python, this book provides a valuable introduction to text mining using R, another popular language for NLP tasks.
HMMs are an important topic in NLP, and are covered in the DeepLearning.AI NLP Specialization. provides additional depth on the theory and applications of HMMs.
Natural Language Processing with Python popular textbook that provides a practical introduction to NLP using Python. It covers a range of topics, including text preprocessing, feature engineering, and machine learning algorithms for NLP tasks. It good starting point for learners who are new to NLP and want to gain a hands-on understanding of the field.

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