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Professor Peter S. Onuf

This course provides an overview of Thomas Jefferson's work and perspectives presented by the University of Virginia in partnership with Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello. Together, UVA and Monticello are recognized internationally as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

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Syllabus

Thomas Jefferson, American Icon
Thomas Jefferson is an American icon. He has also been one of the most polarizing and controversial figures in American history. In this introductory module, we’ll explore how Jefferson’s reputation has changed and evolved over the last two centuries. We’ll discover what Jefferson considered to be his most important contribution to the “Age of Enlightenment” in which he was living. We’ll discuss why some people in both the nineteenth and twentieth centuries have viewed Jefferson and his ideas with skepticism or worse while others have embraced Jefferson. Overall, learning about how people from many different backgrounds and perspectives have interpreted Jefferson throughout history will help us understand why it’s so important to think critically and honestly about Jefferson’s life and legacy today.
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Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence
No document is more closely associated with Jefferson than the Declaration of Independence. Listing it as the first of three achievements on his tombstone, Jefferson clearly believed the Declaration to be of profound importance. Generations of Americans have agreed, constantly quoting its phrases and invoking its ideas. But do we really understand what Jefferson was trying to do when he wrote the Declaration? In this module, we’ll explore the Revolutionary context in which Jefferson lived and worked. We’ll ask why the Declaration takes the form that it does, and also what Jefferson hoped it would accomplish. Surprisingly, the parts of the Declaration that we celebrate most frequently today may not be the ones Jefferson would have understood to be the most important.
Jefferson and Slavery
The man who wrote in the Declaration of Independence that “all men are created equal” was a lifelong slaveowner whose affluence rested on the exploitation of hundreds of African Americans. In this module, we travel to Montalto, the mountain overlooking Jefferson’s home and plantation on Monticello, to try to gain some perspective on this great tension in Jefferson’s life and thought. Our goal will be neither simply to exonerate nor to castigate Jefferson, but rather to understand how he viewed slavery and his relationship to it. Only by confronting and considering this complicated, frustrating, and tragic chapter in American history can we come to a more complete and nuanced understanding of Thomas Jefferson and his legacy. As students attending the University Jefferson founded, it is especially important to engage this topic.
Jefferson and Religion
The role of religion in public life continues to be a topic of debate today in both the United States and around the world. Thomas Jefferson was never happier than when his Bill for Religious Freedom was finally enacted in Virginia in 1786. In this module, we’ll try to understand why Jefferson believed freedom of religion to be so essential to the future of the United States. To do this, we’ll explore the historical context in which Jefferson developed his ideas about the proper relationship between religious denominations and the state. We’ll also investigate Jefferson’s own faith—a subject of much controversy from his own day through the present. Considering Jefferson’s serious engagement with questions of religion will help us understand the kinds of communities and society he hoped would take hold and flourish in the new nation.
Jefferson and Education
Founding the University of Virginia in 1819 was the most obvious example of Jefferson’s interest in education, but it was by no means the first time he considered the subject. Indeed, education was one of Jefferson’s constant preoccupations. In this session, we’ll discuss Jefferson’s ideas about education as they developed over the course of his life, from the ambitious plan for a state-supported system of schools outlined in his “Bill for the More General Diffusion of Knowledge,” to his conclusion in the early nineteenth century that the other institutions of higher learning that existed in the United States just weren’t suited to forming the leaders of a free republic. Throughout the discussion, we’ll try to understand why Jefferson was so focused on education by asking what he believed was at stake if Americans failed in their duty to provide proper instruction for future generations.
'The earth belongs to the living'
In 1789, Jefferson wrote a letter to James Madison from Paris in which he asserted that “the earth belongs to the living.” Calculating that a single generation could be said to last nineteen years, he proposed that no debts should be incurred that could not be paid off in nineteen years; that all laws should be re-written every nineteen years; and that Americans should re-write even their constitutions every nineteen years. Madison thought the ideas Jefferson outlined in this letter to be wildly impractical, and most commentators since then have come to the same conclusion. In this module, however, we’ll explore what Jefferson was getting at in claiming that “the earth belongs to the living.” In so doing, we’ll discover how this phrase expresses an idea that lies at the very core of Jefferson’s conception of equality, democracy, and the American nation.
Final Exam

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Explores Thomas Jefferson's work and perspectives through the lens of the University of Virginia and Monticello, two institutions recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site
Taught by Peter S. Onuf, a recognized historian of Thomas Jefferson and early America
Provides a comprehensive overview of Jefferson's life and legacy, covering key aspects such as his contributions to the Declaration of Independence, his views on slavery, religion, education, and his belief in the importance of protecting the rights of the living
Suitable for learners interested in American history, political thought, and the life and times of Thomas Jefferson

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Reviews summary

Jeffersonian ideals and legacy

Learners say this course offers engaging assignments and clear lectures to comprehensively cover the founding principles of the US through the mindset of Thomas Jefferson. The passionate instructor brings the subject to life, leaving a lasting impression on students. While some reviews note outdated video and lecture style, the majority of learners highly recommend this course for its tremendous value and insights.
Learners highly appreciate the depth and breadth of the course content, which provides a well-rounded understanding of Jeffersonian ideals and their legacy.
"Clear and helpful course, loved the interaction between Mr Onff and the students"
"I learned the early history of slavery and the dilemma on ending slavery in America."
"Great course filled with useful information regarding Mr. Jefferson and historical events in America. "
"Fabulous in-depth analysis of what Mr. Jefferson thought with regards to government, slavery, education and religion. I learned a lot and appreciate Mr. Jefferson even more!"
"For anyone wanting to understand the fundamental principles upon which the United States was founded, it is essential to study the writings and philosophy of Thomas Jefferson."
Professor Onuf's passion for the subject shines through, engaging learners and leaving a lasting impression.
"Excellent, thank you."
"enjoyed it very much."
"Brilliant and helpful course"
"Professor Onuf does an outstanding job of bringing the subject matter to life."
"Dr. Peter S. Onuf is a very good professor and this course is a marvellous voyage through the world and ideas of Thomas Jefferson."
A minority of learners criticize the outdated style of videos and lectures.
"Informative, but video and lecture style is very outdated."

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Age of Jefferson with these activities:
Review key concepts from American history
Strengthen your foundation in American history to enhance your understanding of Jefferson's role and impact.
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  • Review your notes or textbooks from previous American history courses.
  • Focus on key concepts related to Jefferson's era, such as the Revolution, Enlightenment, and slavery.
Explore the Thomas Jefferson Foundation's website
Enhance your understanding of Jefferson's life and legacy by exploring the resources on the Foundation's website.
Show steps
  • Visit the Thomas Jefferson Foundation website.
  • Explore the website's resources, including articles, videos, and interactive exhibits.
Review 'Notes on the State of Virginia' by Thomas Jefferson
Explore Jefferson's views on slavery, religion, and education through a close reading of his influential work.
Show steps
  • Obtain a copy of the book.
  • Read the book, taking notes on Jefferson's views on slavery, religion, and education.
  • Summarize Jefferson's views on these topics in a short essay.
Five other activities
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Join a study group to discuss Jefferson's writings
Enhance your understanding of Jefferson's ideas by engaging in discussions with fellow students.
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  • Find or form a study group with other students enrolled in this course.
  • Meet regularly to discuss Jefferson's writings and ideas.
Attend an online workshop on Jefferson's presidency
Deepen your knowledge of Jefferson's presidency by engaging in an interactive workshop.
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Show steps
  • Research online workshops on Jefferson's presidency.
  • Identify a reputable workshop that fits your interests and schedule.
  • Attend the workshop and actively participate in the discussions and activities.
Write a blog post on one of Jefferson's accomplishments
Demonstrate your understanding of Jefferson's impact by writing a well-researched blog post.
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  • Choose one of Jefferson's accomplishments to focus on.
  • Research Jefferson's accomplishment, including its context and impact.
  • Write a blog post that clearly presents your research and analysis.
Participate in the Thomas Jefferson Essay Contest
Challenge yourself by submitting an essay to the Thomas Jefferson Essay Contest.
Show steps
  • Review the contest guidelines and essay prompt.
  • Conduct thorough research on your chosen topic.
  • Write a compelling essay that demonstrates your understanding of Jefferson and his legacy.
  • Submit your essay by the deadline.
Contribute to a project on the 'Jefferson Digital Edition'
Engage with the scholarly community by contributing to the digitization and preservation of Jefferson's works.
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Show steps
  • Explore the 'Jefferson Digital Edition' website.
  • Identify a project or task that you are interested in contributing to.
  • Contact the project team to express your interest and inquire about how you can contribute.
  • Follow the project guidelines and contribute your work.

Career center

Learners who complete Age of Jefferson will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:
Librarian
Librarians typically need a master's degree in library science. This course may be helpful to those interested in a career as a librarian, as it helps students develop a solid understanding of American history and culture. The focus on Thomas Jefferson, an important figure in the founding of the United States, can be especially illuminating for those who want to work in libraries that focus on American history.
Archivist
Archivists typically need a master's degree in library science or a related field. This course may be helpful to those interested in archival science, as it helps students develop a solid understanding of American history and archival record keeping. The focus on Thomas Jefferson, an important figure in American history, can be especially illuminating for those who want to work in archives that focus on American history.
Historian
Historians typically need a master's or doctoral degree in history to enter their field. Some historians earn a bachelor's in history and then move into archival or library science. This course may be useful to someone interested in a career as a historian if they are interested in further developing their understanding of American history and culture. The focus on Thomas Jefferson, an important figure in the founding of the United States, can be especially illuminating for those who want to study American history.
Political Scientist
Political scientists must earn a doctorate in political science to become professors. Those who work as public policy advisors typically need a master's degree. This course may be helpful for those interested in political science, as it discusses politics and culture from the context of Thomas Jefferson's work. Studying political figures such as Jefferson can help one understand how political systems develop.
Museum curator
Museum curators typically need a master's degree in museum studies, art history, or a related field. This course may be helpful to those interested in becoming a museum curator, as it helps students develop a solid understanding of American history and culture. The focus on Thomas Jefferson, an important figure in American history, can be especially illuminating for those who want to work in museums that focus on American history.
Museum Educator
Museum educators typically need a bachelor's degree in museum education or a related field. This course may be helpful to those interested in museum education, as it provides a comprehensive overview of Thomas Jefferson's work and perspectives. The focus on American history and culture can be especially illuminating for those who want to work in museums that focus on American history.
Politician
Politicians typically need a bachelor's degree, but many have advanced degrees. This course may be helpful to those interested in politics, as it provides a comprehensive overview of Thomas Jefferson's work and perspectives. The focus on American history and culture can be especially illuminating for those who want to run for office in the United States.
Civil Servant
Civil servants typically need a bachelor's degree, but some positions may only require a high school diploma or equivalent. This course may be helpful to those interested in civil service, as it provides a solid foundation in American history and culture. The focus on Thomas Jefferson, an important figure in the founding of the United States, can be especially illuminating for those who want to work in government.
Teacher
Teachers typically need a bachelor's degree in education. Some states may allow individuals with bachelor's degrees in other fields to teach if they complete additional coursework in education. This course may be helpful to those interested in teaching history, as it provides a comprehensive overview of Thomas Jefferson's work from the University of Virginia, a leader in American higher education. The focus on the American founding can be especially illuminating for those who want to teach American history.
Nonprofit Manager
Nonprofit managers typically need a bachelor's degree, but some positions may only require a high school diploma or equivalent. This course may be helpful to those interested in nonprofit management, as it provides a solid foundation in American history and culture. The focus on Thomas Jefferson, an important figure in the founding of the United States, can be especially illuminating for those who want to work in nonprofits that focus on American history.
Lawyer
Lawyers must earn a Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree from an accredited law school and pass a bar exam in the state in which they wish to practice. This course may be helpful to those interested in law, as it provides a solid foundation in American history and culture. The focus on Thomas Jefferson, an important figure in the founding of the United States, can be especially illuminating for those who want to practice law in the area of constitutional law.
Journalist
Journalists typically need a bachelor's degree in journalism or a related field. Some entry-level positions may accept candidates with a high school diploma or equivalent. This course may be helpful to those interested in journalism, as it provides a solid foundation in American history and culture. The focus on Thomas Jefferson, an important figure in the founding of the United States, can be especially illuminating for those who want to report on American politics and culture.

Reading list

We've selected 44 books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Age of Jefferson.
This extensive collection of Jefferson's letters provides firsthand insights into his intellectual pursuits and political struggles, serving as a primary source that enhances the course's understanding of his ideas and motivations.
Provides a comprehensive overview of Thomas Jefferson's life and career, as well as a broader historical analysis of the times in which he lived and worked. It valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about Jefferson and his impact on American history.
This comprehensive biography provides a detailed overview of Jefferson's life, work, and legacy, making it an excellent companion to the course's exploration of Jefferson's perspectives.
This work by the course instructor delves deeply into the complex relationship between slavery and freedom during Jefferson's era, offering a nuanced understanding of this challenging topic.
Considered the most famous biography of Jefferson, this book delves deeply into his life, times, and character, providing valuable insights into the historical context explored in the course.
Provides a thorough examination of Jefferson's relationship to slavery. It valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about this complex and controversial aspect of Jefferson's life.
This influential work analyzes the enduring legacy of Jefferson's ideas on American political thought, providing a broader perspective on his impact beyond his lifetime.
This comprehensive study of the Declaration of Independence provides context for Jefferson's authorship and its profound historical significance, enriching the course's exploration of this foundational document.
Examines the historical context and significance of the Declaration of Independence, providing valuable insights into Jefferson's role in crafting this pivotal document.
This thought-provoking book delves into the contradictions between Jefferson's ideals of liberty and equality and his ownership of slaves, providing a nuanced examination of the course's exploration of this complex issue.
Offers a comprehensive account of the cultural and intellectual ferment that marked America’s formative decades, providing background knowledge that complements the course's emphasis on the role of Thomas Jefferson.
This collection of essays analyzes the lasting impact of Jefferson's thought and policies, offering a deeper understanding of his enduring influence on the American political landscape.
This in-depth analysis of the Declaration of Independence provides historical context and philosophical insights, enriching the course's examination of Jefferson's most famous work.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the religious beliefs of the Founding Fathers, including Jefferson. It valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about the role of religion in American history.
This classic text examines the educational ideas and practices of the Founding Fathers, including Jefferson's contributions to the establishment of the University of Virginia.
This biography focuses on Jefferson's political strategies and tactics, providing insights into his leadership style and his ability to navigate the complexities of the early American republic.
This Pulitzer Prize-winning book explores the complex relationship between Jefferson and the enslaved Hemings family, shedding light on the contradictions in Jefferson's views on slavery.
This Pulitzer Prize-winning biography offers a nuanced portrayal of Jefferson's political and personal life, complementing the course's exploration of his public persona and legacy.
This insightful work examines Jefferson's complex religious beliefs and their role in shaping his political and personal life, adding depth to the course's discussion of his religious views.
This scholarly work delves into the theoretical and practical aspects of Jeffersonian democracy, providing advanced insights that ergänzen the course's discussion of his political philosophy.
Explores Jefferson's belief in the importance of science and reason in shaping a successful republic, providing a deeper understanding of his Enlightenment ideals.
Compiles Jefferson's thoughts on democracy, providing insights into his political philosophy and his vision for an egalitarian society.
This engaging and informative book examines Jefferson's international diplomacy and geopolitical views, broadening the course's focus on his domestic significance.
Explores Jefferson's ideas about democracy and the future of America. It valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about Jefferson's political philosophy.
This collection of Jefferson's writings on American history offers a glimpse into his views on the events that shaped the nation's founding.
This concise and accessible overview traces the legacy of Thomas Jefferson throughout American history, providing a succinct summary that complements the course's examination of his enduring impact.
This exploration of Jefferson's educational philosophy and his founding of the University of Virginia expands the course's focus on his contributions to American education.
This collection of Jefferson's agricultural writings provides insights into his practical knowledge of farming and his experiments in crop cultivation.
Through stunning imagery, this book captures the natural and architectural landscapes of Jefferson's world, offering a visual complement to the course's exploration of his era.
This richly illustrated volume provides a detailed account of Jefferson's architectural masterpiece, offering insights into his design philosophy and daily life, enhancing the course's understanding of Jefferson's private sphere.
By Carl J. Richard explores Thomas Jefferson's educational philosophy and its impact on American education. It good choice for anyone who wants to learn more about the history of education in the United States.
This richly illustrated book provides an in-depth look at Monticello, Jefferson's home and plantation, offering insights into his architectural and design sensibilities.
Contains a collection of Jefferson's writings, including his letters, speeches, and official papers. It valuable resource for anyone interested in reading Jefferson's own words.
Contains a collection of Jefferson's writings, including his letters, speeches, and official papers. It valuable resource for anyone interested in reading Jefferson's own words.
Provides a comprehensive biography of Jefferson. It valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about Jefferson's life and career.
By Gordon S. Wood provides a detailed history of the early years of the American republic. It good choice for anyone who wants to learn more about the history of the United States.
Provides a detailed biography of Jefferson. It valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about Jefferson's life and career.
This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of Thomas Jefferson's life, work, and legacy. It good choice for anyone who wants to learn more about Jefferson and his impact on American history.
Provides an overview of Jefferson's life and career, as well as a broader historical analysis of the times in which he lived and worked. It valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about Jefferson and his impact on American history.
This multi-volume work by Merrill D. Peterson provides a comprehensive overview of Thomas Jefferson's life and work. It good choice for anyone who wants to learn more about Jefferson and his impact on American history.
Provides a psychological portrait of Jefferson. It is not a comprehensive biography but rather a study of Jefferson's complex character. It valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about Jefferson's personality and motivations.
Provides an in-depth look at the formation of the Jeffersonian Republican Party. It valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about the political landscape of the early United States.
By Denise A. Spellberg explores Thomas Jefferson's interest in Islam and its impact on his religious thought. It good choice for anyone who wants to learn more about the history of religion in the United States.

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