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Dave Reay, Andrea Moring, and Hannah Ritchie

නිසි ආකාරයෙන් නයිට්‍රජන් භාවිතා නොකිරීම විවිධාකාර වූ ව්‍යසනයන් ඇති කිරීමට හේතුවේ. ඉහල යන ජනගහනය නිසා මතුවන සීමිත ආහාර නිෂ්පාදනය, ජලය හා බලශක්තියේ අසමතුලිත බෙදීයාම සහ ගෝලීය උණුසුම්කරණය ආදී සියලු ගෝලීය අභියෝගවලදී නයිට්‍රජන් ප්‍රමුඛ කාර්යභාරයක් සිදු කරයි. නයිට්‍රජන් මානව ශිෂ්ටාචාරය හා කොතරම් කාවැදී ඇත්ද, එය සාර්ථකව කළමනාකරණය කරගතහොත් අනාගතයේදී කෙතරම් ප්‍රයෝජනවත් වේද, නැතහොත් ව්‍යසනයන්/ අවැඩක් වේද යන්න මෙම පාඨමාලාවේදී ඔබ ඉගෙන ගනු ඇත.

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නිසි ආකාරයෙන් නයිට්‍රජන් භාවිතා නොකිරීම විවිධාකාර වූ ව්‍යසනයන් ඇති කිරීමට හේතුවේ. ඉහල යන ජනගහනය නිසා මතුවන සීමිත ආහාර නිෂ්පාදනය, ජලය හා බලශක්තියේ අසමතුලිත බෙදීයාම සහ ගෝලීය උණුසුම්කරණය ආදී සියලු ගෝලීය අභියෝගවලදී නයිට්‍රජන් ප්‍රමුඛ කාර්යභාරයක් සිදු කරයි. නයිට්‍රජන් මානව ශිෂ්ටාචාරය හා කොතරම් කාවැදී ඇත්ද, එය සාර්ථකව කළමනාකරණය කරගතහොත් අනාගතයේදී කෙතරම් ප්‍රයෝජනවත් වේද, නැතහොත් ව්‍යසනයන්/ අවැඩක් වේද යන්න මෙම පාඨමාලාවේදී ඔබ ඉගෙන ගනු ඇත.

දැනට නයිට්‍රජන් පිලිබඳ ඉගෙන ගැනීම විශේෂිතවූ වැදගත්කමක් නොදක්වන , සාමාන්‍ය පටිපාටියෙන් බැහැර වූ එකක් ලෙස සලකන අතර නිෂ්ක්‍රිය වායුවක් ලෙස පරිසරයට සහ ජෛව පද්ධති වලට මහඟු මෙහෙයක් සිදු කරයි . නයිට්‍රජන් ඔබට අවර්තිතා වගුවේ ඇති තවත් විශේෂිත නොවූ මුලද්‍රව්‍යයක් පමණක් යැයි සිතෙන්නේ නම් මේ එය නැවත සලකා බැලීමට කාලයයි.

ඔබගේ මේ පිලිබඳ දැනුම සහ පසුබිම නොතකා මෙම නැවුම් පාඨමාලාව මගින් නයිට්‍රජන් සහ ඒ ආශ්‍රිත ගෝලීය වෙනස්කම් පිළිබඳ මූලික සංකල්ප ඔබට ඉගැන්වෙන අතර, එමගින් එහි අභියෝග සහ ප්‍රයෝජනයන් හොඳින් අවබෝධ කර ගැනීමට ඉඩ සලසනු ලැබේ. මෙම පාඨමාලාවේ ප්‍රධාන මාතෘකා ලෙස ආහාර සුරක්ෂිතතාව, දේශගුණික විපර්යාස, වායු දූෂණය, ජල දූෂණය, මානව සෞඛ්‍යය සහ ඒ ආශ්‍රිත තවත් වැදගත් දේ අන්තර්ගත වෙයි.

එංගලන්තයේ එඩින්බර්ග් විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයේ සම්මානලාභී ආචාර්ය මණ්ඩලයක මෙහෙයවීම යටතේ සිදු කරන මෙම පාඨමාලාව ඔබටද ඉගෙනගැනීමට අවස්ථාවක් ලබාදී ඇත. මෙම පාඨමාලාව හරහා නයිට්‍රිජන් මගින් පරිසරයට ඇතිවන අභියෝගයන් පිළිබඳ විශේෂඥ ප්‍රවේශයක් හා දැනුවත් කිරීමක් සිදු කරන අතර , එමගින් මානව ශිෂ්ටාචාරය මත ඇති කරන තර්ජන වඩාත් හොඳින් ඒකාබද්ධ ක්‍රමවේදයක් හරහා තිරසාර ලෙස නිරාකරණය කළ හැකි ආකාරයද පෙන්වා දෙයි.

දශක ගණනාවක නයිට්‍රජන් හා ගෝලීය වෙනස්කම් පිළිබඳ පර්යේෂණ සිදු කර අත්දැකීම් සහිත උපදේශක මණ්ඩලයක් විසින් ඉගැන්වීම් කරන, දැනට ලෝකයේ ඇති -ප්‍රථම පාඨමාලාව වන මෙය, ඉන්දියාවේ සහ එක්සත් රාජධානියේ ප්‍රධාන පෙළේ විශේෂඥයින්ගේ සහභාගිත්වයෙන්, නයිට්‍රජන් කාර්යක්ෂමතාව පිළිබඳ නිව්ටන්-භාබා අථත්ය කේන්ද්‍රය (Newton-Bhabha Virtual Centre on Nitrogen Efficiency) මගින් සිදු කරයි.

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Learning objectives

  • • ගෝලීය නයිට්‍රජන් ආශ්‍රිත අභියෝගයන්, නයිට්‍රජන් මානව ශිෂ්ටාචාරයට උපකාරී වී ඇති ආකාරය සහ එහි අවභාවිතය අපට තර්ජනයක් වී ඇති ආකාරය පිළිබඳ ඉගෙන ගැනීම
  • • කෘෂිකර්මය හා ආහාර සුරක්ෂිතතාව කෙරෙහි නයිට්‍රජන් කෙතරම් වැදගත්දැයි දැන ගැනීම
  • • වායු දූෂණය සඳහා නයිට්‍රජන් වල භූමිකාව සහ මානව සෞඛ්‍යය කෙරෙහි එහි බලපෑම වටහා ගැනීම
  • • නයිට්‍රජන් මගින් ජල සම්පත් දූෂණය වීම සහ එමගින් උද්ගත වන අවදානම් පිළිබඳ ඉගෙන ගැනීම
  • • නයිට්‍රජන් ආශ්‍රිත ගෝලීය අභියෝගවලට විසඳුම් සහ මෙම වටිනා මූලද්‍රව්‍යය වඩාත් හොඳින් කළමණාකරණය කළ හැකි ආකාරය අධ්‍යයනය කිරීම

Syllabus

සතිය 1: ගෝලීය නයිට්‍රජන් ආශ්‍රිත අභියෝග
නයිට්‍රජන් පිළිබඳ හැඳින්වීම, එහි භාවිතය සහ නයිට්‍රජන් වලින් ගෝලීය ආහාර නිෂ්පාදනයට ඇති වැදගත්කම, පරිසර දූෂණය හා දේශගුණික වෙනස්කම් සදහා නයිට්‍රජන් වල භූමිකාව
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සතිය 2: නයිට්‍රජන් සහ කෘෂිකර්මාන්තය
නයිට්‍රජන් චක්‍රය, ආහාර නිෂ්පාදනය සඳහා නයිට්‍රජන් භාවිතය, දේශගුණික විපර්යාස සහ පරිසරය සමග සමඟ අන්තර්ක්‍රියා, ආහාර සුරක්ෂිතතාව සඳහා අනාගත අභියෝග
සතිය 3: නයිට්‍රජන් සහ වායු දූෂණය
නයිට්‍රජන් වල ස්ථානීය හා ගෝලීය වායු දූෂණය, එහි බලපෑම්, ප්‍රවණතා සහ අනාගත අභියෝග
සතිය 4: නයිට්‍රජන් හා ජලය
නයිට්‍රජන් ජලයට එකතු වන ආකාරය, මිරිදිය හා සාගර වලට ඇති බලපෑම්, පරිසර පද්ධති හා මානව සෞඛ්‍යයට ඇතිකරන අවදානම
සතිය 5: නයිට්‍රජන් ආශ්‍රිත ගැටළු වලට විසඳුම්
කෘෂිකර්මාන්තය තුළ නයිට්‍රජන් භාවිතය වැඩිදියුණු කිරීම, ගැලපෙන ආහාර තෝරාගැනීම, වාතය හා ජල දූෂණය වැළැක්වීම, ඒකාබද්ධ කළමණාකරණ ක්‍රම

Good to know

Know what's good
, what to watch for
, and possible dealbreakers
Taught by experts and backed by a well-established institution of higher learning with experience in the topic of nitrogen efficiency
Explores the multi-faceted aspects of nitrogen's impact on human civilization and the environment, encompassing agriculture, climate change, air pollution, water pollution, and human health
Provides practical solutions and strategies for optimizing nitrogen use and effectively managing its potential risks
Emphasizes the global scope of nitrogen-related challenges and encourages learners to consider these issues from a global perspective
Develops a comprehensive understanding of nitrogen's role in food security, climate change, and other critical environmental issues
Designed for learners with varying backgrounds, making the material accessible to a wider audience
May require some basic understanding of environmental science and chemistry for optimal comprehension
Assumes learners have a fundamental understanding of nutrient cycles and their significance in ecosystem functioning
May not delve deeply into specific sectors or industries impacted by nitrogen-related challenges

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Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Nitrogen: A Global Challenge (Sinhalese) with these activities:
Use the provided course tutorial
This course tutorial can help you get more acquainted with key concepts before the course begins.
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  • Navigate to the tutorial resource
  • Review the tutorial
Review basic chemistry concepts
Review the basics of chemistry, including topics such as atomic structure, chemical bonding, and stoichiometry, to strengthen your understanding of nitrogen chemistry.
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  • Revisit your high school chemistry notes or textbooks.
  • Take an online practice quiz or exam to test your understanding and identify areas where you need more review.
  • Attend a review session or workshop offered by your local community college or university.
Review prior study on nitrogen's impact on agriculture
Reviewing prior study will help you connect to information that will be covered in this course.
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  • Gather your notes from previous coursework
  • Locate your textbook or online resources from previous coursework
  • Review key concepts related to nitrogen and agriculture
  • Take practice quizzes or review old exam questions
One other activity
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Do practice problems related to nitrogen's global impact
Practice problems will help you better understand nitrogen's global impact.
Browse courses on Global Warming
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  • Find practice problems sets or prior exams
  • Work through the practice problems

Career center

Learners who complete Nitrogen: A Global Challenge (Sinhalese) will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:
Environmental Scientist
Environmental Scientists study the environment and how humans impact it. They develop solutions to environmental problems and help protect the environment for future generations. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course can help build a foundation for this career by providing a comprehensive overview of the role of nitrogen in the environment and its impact on human activities.
Environmental Engineer
Environmental Engineers design and implement solutions to protect the environment. They work with businesses, governments, and individuals to find ways to reduce pollution and conserve natural resources. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course can help build a foundation for this career by providing a comprehensive overview of the role of nitrogen in the environment and its impact on human activities.
Soil Scientist
Soil Scientists study the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil. They help farmers and landowners manage their soil resources for optimal productivity. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course can help build a foundation for this career by providing a comprehensive overview of the role of nitrogen in soil and its impact on soil fertility.
Agricultural Scientist
Agricultural Scientists study the science of agriculture. They develop new crops and farming methods to help feed the world's growing population. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course can help build a foundation for this career by providing a comprehensive overview of the role of nitrogen in agriculture and its impact on crop production.
Water Resource Manager
Water Resource Managers develop and implement plans to manage water resources. They work with stakeholders to find ways to protect water quality and quantity, and ensure that there is enough water to meet the needs of the population. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course can help build a foundation for this career by providing a comprehensive overview of the role of nitrogen in water resources and its impact on water quality and quantity.
Sustainability Manager
Sustainability Managers develop and implement sustainability plans for businesses and organizations. They work with stakeholders to find ways to reduce the environmental impact of the organization and promote sustainability. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course may be useful for building a solid foundation for this career in providing an overview of the role of nitrogen in the environment and its impact on human activities, and by covering sustainability management and reporting.
Environmental Educator
Environmental Educators teach people about the environment and how to protect it. They develop educational programs and materials to help people understand environmental issues and make informed decisions about their impact on the environment. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course may be useful for building a solid foundation for this career in providing an overview of the role of nitrogen in the environment and its impact on human activities, and by covering environmental education and outreach.
Environmental Consultant
Environmental Consultants help businesses and organizations comply with environmental regulations. They also develop and implement environmental management plans to help businesses reduce their environmental impact and protect the environment. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course may be useful for building a solid foundation for this career in providing an overview of the role of nitrogen in the environment and its impact on human activities, and by covering environmental regulations and management practices.
Environmental Lawyer
Environmental Lawyers represent clients in environmental cases and help them comply with environmental regulations. They also work with policymakers to develop and implement environmental laws. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course may be useful for building a solid foundation for this career in providing an overview of the role of nitrogen in the environment and its impact on human activities, and by covering environmental law and regulations.
Environmental Policy Analyst
Environmental Policy Analysts research and analyze environmental issues and develop policies to address them. They work with policymakers and stakeholders to find ways to protect the environment and promote sustainability. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course may be useful for building a solid foundation for this career in providing an overview of the role of nitrogen in the environment and its impact on human activities, and by covering environmental policy and analysis.
Toxicologist
Toxicologists study the effects of toxic substances on human health and the environment. They develop and implement strategies to protect people and the environment from exposure to toxic substances. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course may be useful for building a solid foundation for this career in providing an overview of the role of nitrogen in the environment and its impact on human activities, and by covering toxicology and risk assessment.
Conservation Scientist
Conservation Scientists study and work to protect endangered species and ecosystems. They develop and implement conservation plans and work with stakeholders to find ways to reduce the impact of human activities on the environment. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course may be useful for building a solid foundation for this career in providing an overview of the role of nitrogen in the environment and its impact on human activities, and by covering conservation science and management.
Geochemist
Geochemists study the chemical composition of the Earth's crust and mantle. They use their knowledge to understand the Earth's history and evolution, and to explore for natural resources. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course may be useful for building a solid foundation for this career in providing an overview of the role of nitrogen in the environment and its impact on human activities, and by covering geochemical processes and analysis.
Oceanographer
Oceanographers study the oceans and their role in the Earth's climate and ecosystems. They use their knowledge to understand the impact of human activities on the oceans and to develop strategies to protect them. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course may be useful for building a solid foundation for this career in providing an overview of the role of nitrogen in the environment and its impact on human activities, and by covering oceanography and marine ecosystems.
Climate Scientist
Climate Scientists study the Earth's climate and how it is changing. They use their knowledge to understand the effects of climate change and to develop strategies to mitigate its impacts. The Global Challenge of Nitrogen course may be useful for building a solid foundation for this career in providing an overview of the role of nitrogen in the environment and its impact on human activities, and by covering climate science and modeling.

Reading list

We've selected five books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Nitrogen: A Global Challenge (Sinhalese).
Provides a comprehensive overview of the global nitrogen cycle, including its sources, sinks, and impacts on human health and the environment. It also discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with managing nitrogen in the global environment.
A landmark volume presenting the synthesis of insights and perspectives from a large group of specialists across disciplines. This overview includes information on reactive nitrogen in the atmosphere, nitrogen in agricultural systems, nitrogen in forests, and nitrogen in water resources.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the role of nitrogen in plants, including its uptake, assimilation, and metabolism. It also discusses the factors that affect nitrogen use efficiency in plants.
A detailed overview of the role of nitrogen and phosphorus in the environment, and its implications for the environment. is essential reading for anyone interested in the role of nitrogen in the environment.

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