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Confounding

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May 1, 2024 3 minute read

Confounding is a critical concept in research that can lead to biased results if not properly addressed. It occurs when a third variable, known as a confounder, is associated with both the exposure and outcome of interest, potentially distorting the apparent relationship between them.

Understanding Confounding

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Reading list

We've selected two books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Confounding.
Provides a thorough introduction to causal inference, covering the fundamental principles and methods for identifying and addressing confounding in statistical analysis. It offers a conceptual framework and practical guidance for causal analysis, making it a valuable resource for researchers.
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