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Phases of Matter

Solid, Liquid, Gas and Beyond

Rahul Nandkishore

Complex systems can exhibit emergent phenomena, wherein the interplay of simple underlying rules governing the constituent parts leads to rich and unexpected behavior of the whole. Condensed matter physics is the branch of physics devoted to understanding such emergence in physical systems. It is the largest subfield of physics, and has developed a wealth of ideas and techniques for taming complexity. The course provides an introduction to this physics of emergence.

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Complex systems can exhibit emergent phenomena, wherein the interplay of simple underlying rules governing the constituent parts leads to rich and unexpected behavior of the whole. Condensed matter physics is the branch of physics devoted to understanding such emergence in physical systems. It is the largest subfield of physics, and has developed a wealth of ideas and techniques for taming complexity. The course provides an introduction to this physics of emergence.

The course is aimed at a general audience. It assumes familiarity with algebra, and passing familiarity with basic concepts such as atoms and energy, but does not assume knowledge of advanced physics or mathematics. It is the first of a series of three courses introducing the key ideas of modern condensed matter physics. However, it can also be taken as a standalone course.

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What's inside

Syllabus

Emergent Phenomena and Phases of Matter
This module introduces the notion of emergent phenomena, and a central application of this notion: phases of matter. We define what constitutes a phase of matter, and explain that there are many phases beyond the familiar trio of solid, liquid, and gas.
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Traffic lights

Read about what's good
what should give you pause
and possible dealbreakers
Introduces condensed matter physics, an important field with wide range of applications
Designed for beginners, assumes basic algebra knowledge and familiarity with atoms and energy
Provides a foundation for a series of three courses on condensed matter physics
Covers emergent phenomena, phases of matter, symmetries, energy, entropy, and mean field theory

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Reviews summary

Accessible introduction to phases of matter

According to students, this course offers a largely positive and highly accessible introduction to the fascinating world of phases of matter and emergent phenomena. Learners particularly praise the instructor's clear and engaging lectures, which successfully simplify complex topics like symmetries and symmetry breaking and mean field theory for a general audience. While the course provides a solid foundational understanding, some indicate that deeper exploration, especially mathematically, may require additional self-study. The quizzes are noted as helpful for reinforcement.
Successfully serves as a comprehensive introductory course on its own.
"Exceeded my expectations! A perfect standalone course for a general audience."
"Fantastic! This course demystified so many concepts for me... It's a great starting point, even if you just have a passing interest in science."
"I took this as a standalone course and found it quite insightful. It delivers on its promise of being accessible without advanced physics knowledge."
Provides a strong base in condensed matter physics concepts.
"A really solid introduction. The early modules on phases of matter and symmetry breaking were excellent."
"It truly expands your understanding of what 'matter' can be. The logical progression from symmetries to phase transitions was well-executed."
"I really enjoyed this course. It gave me a solid foundation in concepts I always wondered about."
Complex physics concepts are explained intuitively and made accessible.
"The instructor made complex topics like emergent phenomena and symmetries incredibly clear and engaging."
"This course opened my eyes to the incredible world of emergent phenomena. The explanations are top-notch, truly breaking down complex ideas."
"The course managed to be rigorous without being intimidating. A perfect standalone course for a general audience."
Good as an introduction, but deeper dives may require more resources.
"It provides a great overview, but I'd suggest external resources if you want to delve deeply into the underlying math."
"Interesting subject matter. The course is indeed accessible, but for someone looking for more depth or mathematical rigor, this might feel a bit too high-level."
"My only minor critique would be a desire for more hands-on examples or optional problem sets."
Later modules, like Mean Field Theory, can be challenging for some.
"While the mean field theory section was challenging, the instructor's effort to simplify was evident."
"I found the later modules on mean field theory a bit difficult to follow without a stronger mathematical intuition."
"The course is okay. I felt that the later modules could have used more simplified examples."

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Phases of Matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas and Beyond with these activities:
Volunteer as a Physics Tutor
Reinforce your understanding by sharing your knowledge with others, while simultaneously developing your communication and teaching skills.
Browse courses on Mentoring
Show steps
  • Contact local schools or community centers to offer your services.
  • Prepare lesson plans and materials for tutoring sessions.
  • Meet with students regularly to guide their learning.
  • Provide feedback and encouragement to help students succeed.
Read 'Condensed Matter Physics' by Michael P. Marder
Expand your knowledge by reading a foundational text on condensed matter physics, providing a comprehensive overview of key concepts and theories.
View Research Methods for Science on Amazon
Show steps
  • Obtain a copy of the book.
  • Read and take notes on the chapters relevant to the course.
  • Engage in discussions about the book's content.
Illustrate Phase Diagrams
Create visual representations of phase diagrams to enhance your understanding of the behavior of matter under different conditions.
Browse courses on Phase Diagrams
Show steps
  • Choose a phase diagram to illustrate.
  • Use software or online tools to plot the diagram.
  • Annotate the diagram with labels and explanations.
Five other activities
Expand to see all activities and additional details
Show all eight activities
Symmetry and Phase Transitions
Explore online tutorials and resources to deepen your understanding of symmetries and phase transitions, key concepts in condensed matter physics.
Browse courses on Phase Transitions
Show steps
  • Search for video tutorials on YouTube or Coursera.
  • Follow step-by-step guides to solve problems related to symmetry and phase transitions.
  • Attend virtual workshops or webinars on these topics.
Practice with Mean Field Theory
Engage in practice drills and exercises to improve your problem-solving skills in applying mean field theory, a powerful tool in condensed matter physics.
Show steps
  • Solve problems from textbooks or online platforms.
  • Participate in online forums or discussion groups to discuss solutions.
Discuss Research Papers
Engage in peer discussions and analyze research papers to gain insights into the latest advancements and challenges in condensed matter physics.
Browse courses on Condensed Matter Physics
Show steps
  • Form a study group with peers.
  • Select research papers relevant to the course topics.
  • Meet regularly to discuss the papers and exchange perspectives.
Participate in Physics Competitions
Challenge yourself by participating in physics competitions to test your knowledge, sharpen your problem-solving skills, and connect with fellow physics enthusiasts.
Browse courses on Problem Solving
Show steps
  • Research upcoming physics competitions.
  • Form a team or participate individually.
  • Prepare for the competition by studying relevant topics.
  • Participate in the competition and engage with other participants.
Develop a Condensed Matter Physics Simulation
Deepen your understanding of the concepts by creating a simulation that models the behavior of condensed matter systems, allowing you to visualize and interact with emergent phenomena.
Browse courses on Condensed Matter Physics
Show steps
  • Choose a specific phenomenon to simulate.
  • Research the underlying physics and develop a mathematical model.
  • Implement the simulation using a programming language.
  • Test and refine the simulation.

Career center

Learners who complete Phases of Matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas and Beyond will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:
Nanotechnologist
A Nanotechnologist designs, builds, and tests devices and materials at the nanoscale. Nanotechnology has applications in energy, medical research, and computing. The course's focus on properties of matter will help provide a foundational knowledge needed to build the devices and materials needed in the field of nanotechnology.
See salaries and explore the career path for Nanotechnologist
Materials Scientist
A Materials Scientist explores the relationship between the structure and properties of new materials. Some industries Materials Scientists work in include medical technology, environmental protection, and electronics. The course's focus on emergent phenomena and phases of matter, will help build the foundational knowledge to improve the design and production of new materials.
See salaries and explore the career path for Materials Scientist
Biophysicist
A Biophysicist applies the theories and methods of physics to biological systems. Some of the work Biophysicists do includes cell membrane research, biomechanics, and microscopy of cells. A strong foundation in the physics of condensed matter will help build the skills needed to understand and advance the theories and methods used in biophysics.
See salaries and explore the career path for Biophysicist
Nuclear Engineer
A Nuclear Engineer researches, designs, and tests nuclear systems and processes for applications such as power plants, medical treatment, and nuclear weapons. This course's study of phases of matter will provide a good foundation for understanding the behavior of radioactive materials.
See salaries and explore the career path for Nuclear Engineer
Research Scientist
A Research Scientist conducts scientific research in a variety of fields, including physics, biology, and chemistry. They work in a variety of settings, including universities, government laboratories, and private companies. The course's focus on emergent phenomena and phases of matter may be useful.
See salaries and explore the career path for Research Scientist
Polymer Scientist
A Polymer Scientist studies the behavior of polymers, which are large molecules made up of repeating units. They work in a variety of industries, including plastics, coatings, and pharmaceuticals. The course's focus on the properties of matter may be useful.
See salaries and explore the career path for Polymer Scientist
Optical Engineer
An Optical Engineer designs, builds, and tests optical devices and systems in fields such as communications, medicine, and manufacturing. The course's focus on the properties of light and matter, as well as energy and entropy, may be useful.
See salaries and explore the career path for Optical Engineer
Quality Control Inspector
A Quality Control Inspector ensures that products and services meet quality standards. They work in a variety of industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and food production. The course's focus on the properties of matter may be useful for understanding the quality of materials and products.
See salaries and explore the career path for Quality Control Inspector
Science Teacher
A Science Teacher teaches science at the elementary, middle, or high school level. They develop and implement lesson plans, grade papers, and provide feedback to students. The course's focus on emergent phenomena and phases of matter may be useful for understanding the concepts taught in science classes.
See salaries and explore the career path for Science Teacher
Statistician
A Statistician collects, analyzes, and interprets data. They work in a variety of fields, including finance, healthcare, and marketing. The course's focus on emergent phenomena and phases of matter may be useful for understanding the complex patterns and relationships in data.
See salaries and explore the career path for Statistician
Technical Writer
A Technical Writer creates and edits technical documentation, such as user manuals, white papers, and training materials. They work in a variety of industries, including technology, manufacturing, and healthcare. The course's focus on emergent phenomena and phases of matter may be useful for understanding the complex concepts and technologies that are often described in technical writing.
See salaries and explore the career path for Technical Writer
Project Manager
A Project Manager plans, executes, and closes projects. They work in a variety of industries, including construction, engineering, and software development. The course's focus on emergent phenomena and phases of matter may be useful for understanding the complexities of project management.
See salaries and explore the career path for Project Manager
Technology Consultant
A Technology Consultant advises clients on the use of technology. They work in a variety of industries, including technology, healthcare, and finance. The course's focus on emergent phenomena and phases of matter may be useful for understanding the complex interactions between technology and business.
See salaries and explore the career path for Technology Consultant
Software Engineer
A Software Engineer designs, develops, and tests software applications. They work in a variety of industries, including technology, finance, and healthcare. The course's focus on emergent phenomena and phases of matter may be useful for understanding the complex interactions between software components.
See salaries and explore the career path for Software Engineer
Technical Sales Representative
A Technical Sales Representative sells technical products and services. They work in a variety of industries, including technology, manufacturing, and healthcare. The course's focus on emergent phenomena and phases of matter may be useful for understanding the complex technologies and concepts that are often sold in technical sales.
See salaries and explore the career path for Technical Sales Representative

Reading list

We've selected 12 books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Phases of Matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas and Beyond.
Cover image
Research Methods for Science
Save
Provides a comprehensive introduction to condensed matter physics, covering a wide range of topics including phases of matter, symmetry breaking, and mean field theory. It valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn more about this fascinating field.
Research Methods for Science
Paperback
Check
Research Methods for Science
Kindle Edition
Check
Cover image
Statistical Mechanics
Save
Provides a clear and concise introduction to statistical mechanics, which is essential for understanding the behavior of matter at the microscopic level. It valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn more about this important field.
Statistical Mechanics
Paperback
$$$
Statistical Mechanics
Kindle Edition
$$$
Cover image
Solid State Physics
Save
Classic textbook on solid state physics, which provides a comprehensive overview of the field. It valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn more about this important field.
Solid State Physics
Hardcover
$$$$
Solid State Physics
Kindle Edition
$$$
Cover image
Quantum Field Theory
Save
Provides a comprehensive overview of statistical mechanics, which is essential for understanding the behavior of matter at the microscopic level. It valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn more about this important field.
Quantum Field Theory
Paperback
Check
Quantum Field Theory
Kindle Edition
Check
The Feynman Lectures on Physics, (w/audio)
Save
Provides a clear and engaging introduction to quantum mechanics, which is essential for understanding the behavior of matter at the subatomic level. It valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn more about this fascinating field.
The Feynman Lectures on Physics, (w/audio)
Paperback
Check
The Feynman Lectures on Physics, (w/audio)
Kindle Edition
Check
Cover image
Holographic Quantum Matter
Save
Provides a comprehensive overview of quantum phase transitions, which are essential for understanding the behavior of matter at the microscopic level. It valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn more about this important field.
Holographic Quantum Matter (Mit Press)
Hardcover
$$$
Holographic Quantum Matter
Kindle Edition
$$
Cover image
Introduction to Superconductivity
Save
Provides a comprehensive overview of superconductivity, which fascinating and important phenomenon that occurs in certain materials at very low temperatures. It valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn more about this important field.
Introduction to Superconductivity
Paperback
Check
Introduction to Superconductivity
Kindle Edition
Check
Cover image
Topological Insulators and Topological...
Save
Provides a comprehensive overview of topological insulators and topological superconductors, which are new and exciting states of matter that have been discovered in recent years. It valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn more about this important field.
Topological Insulators and Topological...
Hardcover
$$$
Topological Insulators and Topological...
Kindle Edition
$$$$
Cover image
A Career in Theoretical Physics
Save
Provides a unique perspective on the field of condensed matter physics, focusing on the interplay between microscopic and macroscopic phenomena. It valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn more about this fascinating field.
A Career in Theoretical Physics
Paperback
Check
A Career in Theoretical Physics
Kindle Edition
Check
Collected Papers Vol.1: Quantum Field Theory and...
Save
Provides a rigorous introduction to quantum mechanics, which is essential for understanding the behavior of matter at the subatomic level. It valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn more about this fascinating field.
Collected Papers Vol.1: Quantum Field Theory and...
Paperback
Check
Collected Papers Vol.1: Quantum Field Theory and...
Kindle Edition
Check
Cover image
Quantum Field Theory for the Gifted Amateur
Save
Provides a gentle introduction to quantum field theory, which is essential for understanding the behavior of matter at the subatomic level. It valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn more about this fascinating field.
Quantum Field Theory for the Gifted Amateur
Paperback
$$
Quantum Field Theory for the Gifted Amateur
Kindle Edition
$$
Cover image
Quantum Computation and Quantum Information
Save
Provides a clear and engaging introduction to quantum information theory, which new and exciting field that has the potential to revolutionize computing and communication. It valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn more about this important field.
Quantum Computation and Quantum Information: 10th...
Hardcover
$$$
Quantum Computation and Quantum Information...
Paperback
$$$$
INTRODUCTION TO QUANTUM COMPUTATION AND INFORMATION
Hardcover
$$
Quantum Computation and Quantum Information: 10th...
Unknown Binding
$$$$
Quantum Computation and Quantum Information: 10th...
Kindle Edition
$$$

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Course image
Effort
13 hours to complete
Level
Introductory
Via
Coursera
Institution
University of Colorado Boulder
Instructor
Rahul Nandkishore
Language
English
This course belongs to a collection called The Physics of Emergence: Introduction to Condensed Matter. It's comprised of three courses:
  1. Phases of Matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas and Beyond (viewing)
  2. Universal Theories
  3. Modern Topics in Condensed Matter Physics
Traffic lights
Read about what's good
what should give you pause
and possible dealbreakers
Introduces condensed matter physics, an important field with wide range of applications
Designed for beginners, assumes basic algebra knowledge and familiarity with atoms and energy
Provides a foundation for a series of three courses on condensed matter physics
Covers emergent phenomena, phases of matter, symmetries, energy, entropy, and mean field theory
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