生命科学发展史 from Coursera

【课程介绍】-------------------------------------------------------------------

人类社会进入21世纪生命科学发展迅猛，极大地改变和提高了人们的生产和生活水平，已经成为当今的主流科学。然而，它也经历了从荒蛮无知到博物学、生物学、现代生命科学的曲折过程。这里充满了人类睿智思考和大胆尝试，充满了旧思想束缚和新思想顽强抗争和成功突破。

《生命科学发展史》虽然属于科学史范畴，但并没有按照实证主义编年史方法进行阐述，而是更多地采用思想史方法展开。课程通过介绍生命科学重要学科、重要发现和重要人物，系统地展示了生命科学产生和发展全貌。课程在讲解生命科学基本知识的同时，注重介绍知识产生和发展的社会和自然背景、注重剖析期间人类思维方式的变化和发展，旨在使学生全面系统地了解生命科学基本知识及其产生和发展历程，在拓宽学生的知识面和视野的同时，培养和提高学生的科学素养和独立分析问题的能力。

课程要达到的目标：“拓宽知识，学会思考”

【课程大纲】-------------------------------------------------------------------

第一单元绪论

（一）近三年《科学》十大进展

【课程介绍】-------------------------------------------------------------------

课程要达到的目标：“拓宽知识，学会思考”

【课程大纲】-------------------------------------------------------------------

第一单元绪论

（一）近三年《科学》十大进展

（二）课程简介

第二单元人类起源与发展

（一）宇宙的形成

（二）生命的出现

（三）人类的产生和发展

第三单元从古代哲学到近代科学

（一）关于宇宙和生命的哲学思考

（二）西方医学和生物学体系

（三）欧洲文艺复兴与生命科学

第四单元生物的分类和演化

（一）生物分类思想和方法

（二）达尔文及其进化思想

（三）达尔文以后的进化思想

第五单元人体生理学：人类的自我认识

（一）早期的生理学派

（二）神经和内分泌生理学

第六单元走近微生物世界

（一）显微镜与微生物种类

（二）认识致病微生物

（三）人类同致病微生物的抗争。

第七单元从细胞学说到胚胎发育

（一）细胞：组成生命体的基本单位

（二）胚胎：生命的开始

（三）克隆：惊奇的设想

第八单元生命是什么？从孟德尔的豌豆说起

（一）经典遗传学

（二）分子生物学

第九单元生物组学：不再钓鱼，而是捞鱼!

（一）人类基因组计划

（二）基因组测序技术和应用

（三）后基因组时代-生物组学和系统生物学

第十单元课程总结

（一）生命科学发展回顾与展望

（二）历年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖概览

【教材教参】-------------------------------------------------------------------

《生命科学发展史》孟和自编讲义

《生命科学发展史》姚敦义主编，济南出版社，2005年5月。

《生物学思想发展的历史》Ernst Mayr, 涂长晟等译, 四川教育出版社，1990

《生命科学发展史》杨学仁主编，武汉大学出版社，1990.11.01

《生命科学史》Lois N. Magner, 李难，崔极谦，王水平译，百花文艺出版社《生物科学发展史》尹淑媛陈麟书编著，成都科技出版社 1989.10

《寻找生命的逻辑》方舟子著，上海交通大学出版社 2005.10

《双螺旋：发现DNA结构的故事》J.D.沃森，科学出版社，2006 . 2

《创世纪的第八天》霍勒斯•贾德森著李晓丹译 , 上海科技出版社 2005.1

《生命是什么》埃尔温•薛定谔，湖南科学技术出版社，2005. 3

《基因论》摩尔根著，北京大学出版社，2007

《物种起源》达尔文，新世界出版社，2007

《解码生命》贺林，科学出版社，2000

What's inside

Syllabus

第一章绪论

我们的课程将首先介绍近三年《科学》杂志遴选出的科学十大进展；从科学、哲学、宗教、技术和科学史的概念和内容入手，讲解《生命科学发展史》课程的定位、目标和任务，并介绍课程的内容、教学方法、考核内容和参考书籍以及教学网站和教师联系信息等，使同学们全方位地了解这门课程的情况，同时也方便与老师的交流。

Traffic lights

Read about what's good

what should give you pause

and possible dealbreakers

适合对科学史感兴趣的初学者，包含了生命科学发展的重要思想和发现

涵盖了生命科学的起源、发展和演变，适合对生命科学有基础了解的学习者

介绍了生命科学的基本知识，拓展了学生的知识面和视野

通过剖析期间人类思维方式的变化和发展，培养了学生的科学素养和独立分析问题的能力

课程目标的设定合理，丰富学生的知识，并学会思考

课程大纲内容详实，从绪论到课程总结，循序渐进地介绍了生命科学发展史

Reviews summary

生命科学思想史深度探索

学生们说，这门课程极大地拓宽了他们的视野，尤其赞赏课程从思想史角度梳理生命科学发展的独特方式。许多学习者认为讲师的讲解深入浅出，能够将复杂的历史进程和科学概念阐释得非常清晰。课程内容涵盖人类起源到现代生物组学，通过介绍重要学科、发现和人物，构建了一个全面的历史框架。虽然课程内容广博，但一些评论者指出，对于现代前沿生物学的介绍可能不够深入。总的来说，学生们认为这门课程非常引人入胜，不仅增加了知识，更重要的是培养了科学思维能力，对了解生命科学的全貌非常有帮助。

课程覆盖范围广泛，框架完整

"课程内容涵盖从古代对生命的朴素认识，到现代的生物组学，知识体系非常完整，构建了全面的历史框架。"

"我觉得课程梳理了生命科学史上许多重要人物、事件和思想，为初学者提供了很好的入门了解。"

"从人类起源、古代哲学、达尔文进化论到分子生物学、生物组学都讲到了，信息量很大，适合想了解生命科学全貌的人。"

课程从思想和背景角度剖析历史

"不同于传统的科学史课程，这门课从思想演变的角度切入，探讨背后的社会和哲学背景，非常有启发性。"

"我喜欢课程强调科学发现的社会和自然背景，这让枯燥的历史变得鲜活起来，理解更深刻。"

"课程的哲学思考部分让我收获很大，理解了科学思维的发展过程，对看待问题有了新角度。"

讲师清晰生动的讲解深受好评

"老师讲得真的很好，把历史故事和科学发展结合起来，非常有趣味性，引人入胜。"

"我觉得老师的讲解非常清晰，能把复杂的生命科学发展史脉络梳理得很明白。"

"课程最大的收获是孟和老师的讲解，让我对生命科学史有了全新的认识，非常感谢老师！"

对前沿现代生物学介绍不够深入

"对于组学、干细胞等现代生物学部分，感觉可以再深入一些，篇幅有限，意犹未尽。"

"如果想深入了解前沿技术细节，这门课更多是历史背景和概念介绍，需要补充其他更专业的课程或资料。"

"课程更侧重历史和哲学层面的探讨，现代科学的具体细节和应用讲得不多，略感遗憾。"

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in 生命科学发展史 with these activities:

收集生命科学资源

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收集生命科学相关的资源可以方便学习和复习。

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创建一个文件夹或在线笔记本
搜索和收集生命科学相关的文章、网站、视频等资源
整理和组织资源

参加讨论组

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参与讨论组可以与其他学生交流想法，巩固对所学概念的理解。

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加入一个生命科学讨论组
积极参与讨论

探索生命科学主题

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通过观看生命科学主题相关的教程，可以获得额外的知识和见解。

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搜索生命科学主题相关的教程
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Career center

Learners who complete 生命科学发展史 will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:

Health Policy Analyst

A Health Policy Analyst analyzes health policy and makes recommendations for changes. They may work in a variety of settings, such as government agencies, think tanks, and non-profit organizations. This course helps build a foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Health Policy Analyst understand the evolution of health policy and the current state of health care.

See salaries and explore the career path for Health Policy Analyst

Biologist

A Biologist studies living organisms and their interactions with each other and their environment. They may work in a variety of fields, including research, education, and conservation. This course helps build a foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Biologist understand the evolution and diversity of life on Earth.

See salaries and explore the career path for Biologist

Biochemist

A Biochemist studies the chemical processes that occur in living organisms. They may work in a variety of fields, including research, medicine, and industry. This course helps build a foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Biochemist understand the evolution and function of biochemical pathways.

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Microbiologist

A Microbiologist studies microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. They may work in a variety of fields, including research, medicine, and industry. This course helps build a foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Microbiologist understand the evolution and diversity of microorganisms.

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Epidemiologist

An Epidemiologist investigates the causes and spread of diseases. They may work in a variety of settings, such as government agencies, research institutions, and non-profit organizations. This course helps build a foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help an Epidemiologist understand the evolution of disease patterns and the current state of public health.

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Public Health Specialist

A Public Health Specialist works to improve the health of communities. They may work in a variety of settings, such as government agencies, non-profit organizations, and schools. This course helps build a foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Public Health Specialist understand the evolution of public health practices and the current state of public health knowledge.

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Geneticist

A Geneticist studies genes and their role in inheritance. They may work in a variety of fields, including research, medicine, and agriculture. This course helps build a foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Geneticist understand the evolution and function of genes.

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Medical Researcher

A Medical Researcher conducts research to improve the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. They may work in a variety of settings, such as universities, hospitals, and research institutions. This course provides a strong foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Medical Researcher understand the evolution of medical research and the current state of medical knowledge.

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Science Teacher

A Science Teacher educates students in the field of science. They may teach at a variety of levels, from elementary school to high school. This course provides a strong foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Science Teacher to understand and explain complex scientific concepts to their students.

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Physician

A Physician is a medical doctor who treats patients. They may specialize in a particular field of medicine, such as internal medicine, surgery, or pediatrics. This course helps build a foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Physician understand the evolution of medical practices and the current state of medical knowledge.

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Nurse

A Nurse provides care to patients under the supervision of a physician. They may work in a variety of settings, such as hospitals, clinics, and nursing homes. This course helps build a foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Nurse understand the evolution of medical practices and the current state of medical knowledge.

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Pharmacist

A Pharmacist dispenses medications to patients and provides information about their use. They may work in a variety of settings, such as pharmacies, hospitals, and clinics. This course helps build a foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Pharmacist understand the evolution of drug development and the current state of medical knowledge.

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Veterinarian

A Veterinarian treats animals. They may work in a variety of settings, such as veterinary clinics, animal shelters, and farms. This course helps build a foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Veterinarian understand the evolution of animal care and the current state of veterinary medicine.

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Technical Writer

A Technical Writer creates instruction manuals, how-to guides, and other documents that explain complex technical information. They may work in a variety of industries, including software, manufacturing, and healthcare. This course helps build a foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Technical Writer understand the products they document, especially in the medical and biological fields.

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Science Writer

A Science Writer explains complex scientific topics in a way that the general public can understand. They may write articles, brochures or even scripts for documentaries. This course provides a strong foundation in the history of life sciences, which can help a Science Writer to understand and explain the latest scientific discoveries to their audience. Although not strictly necessary, this course may be useful in obtaining a position as a Science Writer.

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生命科学发展史

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生命科学思想史深度探索

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