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Martin Pohl and Anna Sfyrla

This course introduces you to subatomic physics, i.e. the physics of nuclei and particles.

More specifically, the following questions are addressed:

- What are the concepts of particle physics and how are they implemented?

- What are the properties of atomic nuclei and how can one use them?

- How does one accelerate and detect particles and measure their properties?

- What does one learn from particle reactions at high energies and particle decays?

- How do electromagnetic interactions work and how can one use them?

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This course introduces you to subatomic physics, i.e. the physics of nuclei and particles.

More specifically, the following questions are addressed:

- What are the concepts of particle physics and how are they implemented?

- What are the properties of atomic nuclei and how can one use them?

- How does one accelerate and detect particles and measure their properties?

- What does one learn from particle reactions at high energies and particle decays?

- How do electromagnetic interactions work and how can one use them?

- How do strong interactions work and why are they difficult to understand?

- How do weak interactions work and why are they so special?

- What is the mass of objects at the subatomic level and how does the Higgs boson intervene?

- How does one search for new phenomena beyond the known ones?

- What can one learn from particle physics concerning astrophysics and the Universe as a whole?

The course is structured in eight modules. Following the first one which introduces our subject, the modules 2 (nuclear physics)

and 3 (accelerators and detectors) are rather self contained and can be studied separately. The modules 4 to 6 go into more depth about matter and forces as described by the standard model of particle physics. Module 7 deals with our ways to search for new phenomena. And the last module introduces you to two mysterious components of the Universe, namely Dark Matter and Dark Energy.

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What's inside

Syllabus

Matter and forces, measuring and counting
During this first module, we will give an overview of the objects studied in particle physics, namely matter, forces and space-time. We will discuss how one characterizes the strength of an interaction between particles using the concept of cross section, which is central to our subject. At the end of this module, we will visit the laboratory of the nuclear physics course at University of Geneva to see an example of how one measures the strength of a reaction in practice.
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Read about what's good
what should give you pause
and possible dealbreakers
Introduces matter and forces, measuring and counting, topics typically covered in introductory physics courses
Covers topics in nuclear physics and its applications, which can be useful for those in engineering and chemistry
Introduces accelerators and detectors, topics typically covered in introductory physics courses
Covers electromagnetic interactions, which are fundamental to understanding the properties of matter
Explores hadrons and strong interactions, topics typically covered in upper-level physics courses
Covers electro-weak interactions and the Higgs mechanism, topics typically covered in upper-level physics courses

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Reviews summary

University-level introduction to particle physics

According to learners who have completed this course, it provides a comprehensive and engaging introduction to the field. Many appreciate the depth of coverage, exploring topics from nuclear physics to Dark Matter and the Standard Model. The instructor is often praised for clear explanations of complex ideas, making the material accessible despite its inherent difficulty. However, students consistently highlight that the course requires a significant background in physics and mathematics, noting that the mathematical and conceptual challenge increases in later modules, particularly those covering the Standard Model forces. While visits mentioned in the syllabus are noted, the course is seen as primarily theoretical. Overall, it's considered a valuable and rewarding experience for those with the necessary prerequisites.
Primarily theoretical with limited practical application.
"This course is <span class='neutral'>heavily theoretical, focusing on the fundamental principles."
"While the visits mentioned were interesting, the course felt like it was mostly <span class='neutral'>classroom-based theory."
"It gives you the 'why' and the equations, less the 'how' of experimental physics, though <span class='neutral'>detectors are covered."
Logical progression, some modules stand alone.
"The course is <span class='positive'>logically structured, building from basic concepts to more advanced ones."
"I found the <span class='neutral'>self-contained modules on nuclear physics and accelerators useful for focusing on specific areas."
"The progression felt natural, though the <span class='warning'>jump in difficulty in the middle modules was noticeable."
Instructor explains difficult concepts well.
"The professor is <span class='positive'>excellent at explaining complex topics clearly and concisely."
"His <span class='positive'>passion for the subject comes through, making the lectures engaging."
"The use of <span class='positive'>visuals and examples helped make abstract ideas more understandable."
"Even when the concepts were difficult, the <span class='positive'>instructor's explanations were generally easy to follow."
Covers a broad range of particle physics topics.
"Provides a <span class='positive'>really thorough introduction to the field, covering everything from nuclei to dark energy."
"I appreciated the modules on the <span class='positive'>Standard Model forces and the Higgs boson, they were very informative."
"The course touches upon a wide array of subjects, giving a <span class='positive'>broad overview of modern particle physics."
"It's great that they included topics like <span class='neutral'>Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the final module."
Requires a strong physics and math foundation.
"The material is quite <span class='warning'>challenging, especially in the later modules dealing with electroweak interactions."
"You really need a <span class='warning'>solid background in physics and calculus to follow the explanations effectively."
"Found myself having to pause lectures frequently to review prerequisites; it's <span class='warning'>definitely not for beginners without prior knowledge."
"The <span class='warning'>mathematical level ramps up significantly as the course progresses."

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Particle Physics: an Introduction with these activities:
Review basic physics before the start of the course
Reviewing basic physics will help you recall the fundamentals that build the foundation of this course's content. This will make it easier to understand the concepts in the course and to apply them to different situations.
Show steps
  • Review your high school or college physics notes.
  • Take practice problems and quizzes.
  • Watch videos and tutorials on basic physics concepts.
Review basic concepts of particle physics prior to starting the course
Refreshes essential particle physics concepts to enhance comprehension of course materials
Browse courses on Particle Physics
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  • Review the fundamental concepts and definitions of particle physics, including particles, forces, and interactions.
  • Go through basic principles of quantum mechanics, such as wave-particle duality, quantization of energy, and the Schrodinger equation, which are foundational to particle physics.
  • Recall the Standard Model of particle physics, including its elementary particles, their properties, and the forces they mediate.
Organize and review class materials
Enhances retention and comprehension by organizing and reviewing course materials
Show steps
  • Organize lecture notes, assignments, and any supplemental materials into a cohesive structure.
  • Review materials regularly, highlighting important concepts and summarizing key ideas.
  • Create flashcards or mind maps to aid memorization and recall.
Ten other activities
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Show all 13 activities
Read 'Introduction to Elementary Particles' by Griffiths
Provides a comprehensive overview of particle physics, complementing course materials with in-depth explanations and examples.
Show steps
  • Obtain a copy of the book and set aside dedicated time for reading.
  • Read each chapter thoroughly, taking notes and highlighting key concepts.
  • Solve the end-of-chapter problems to test understanding and apply the concepts learned.
Identify and connect with experts in the field
Provides access to expert guidance, industry insights, and potential research opportunities
Browse courses on Particle Physics
Show steps
  • Attend conferences, workshops, or online events to meet potential mentors.
  • Reach out to professors or researchers in the field via email or LinkedIn, expressing interest in mentorship.
  • Prepare questions and demonstrate genuine interest and enthusiasm during mentorship meetings.
Practice solving problems related to the course content
Solving problems related to the course content will help you to develop a deeper understanding of the concepts and to apply them to different situations.
Browse courses on Quantum Mechanics
Show steps
  • Find practice problems in your textbook or online.
  • Solve the problems independently.
  • Check your answers and identify any areas where you need additional support.
Create a mind map or diagram for each module
By creating a mind map or diagram for each module, you can visualize how the different concepts are connected.
Show steps
  • Review the materials for the module.
  • Identify the main concepts in the module.
  • Create a mind map or diagram that connects the main concepts.
Solve practice problems on particle properties and interactions
Strengthens problem-solving abilities and deepens understanding of particle properties and interactions
Browse courses on Problem Solving
Show steps
  • Attempt textbook exercises or online problem sets that focus on particle properties, such as mass, charge, and spin.
  • Practice solving problems involving particle interactions, including scattering, decays, and reactions.
  • Analyze real-world experimental data to identify particle properties and interactions.
Participate in study groups or online discussions
Promotes active engagement, deepens understanding through peer discussions, and provides diverse perspectives
Browse courses on Collaboration
Show steps
  • Join or form study groups with peers to discuss course materials, solve problems, and exchange insights.
  • Participate actively in online discussion forums, asking questions, sharing resources, and engaging in thoughtful discussions.
  • Seek feedback from peers on assignments and projects to improve understanding and identify areas for growth.
Join a study group to discuss the course material
Participating in a study group can help you to learn from others and to get help with concepts that you are struggling with.
Show steps
  • Find a study group to join.
  • Attend the study group meetings regularly.
  • Participate in the discussions and ask questions when you have them.
Write a summary of each module after completing it
By summarizing each module, you can reinforce your understanding of the material and identify any areas where you need additional support.
Show steps
  • Review the materials for the module.
  • Identify the main points of the module.
  • Write a summary of the module.
Create a visual representation of particle interactions
Enhances conceptual understanding by translating complex interactions into visual representations
Browse courses on Particle Physics
Show steps
  • Choose a specific particle interaction or phenomenon to visualize.
  • Use software or online tools to create a visual representation, such as a diagram, simulation, or animation.
  • Explain the visual representation to others, clarifying the interactions and concepts involved.
Follow video tutorials on advanced particle physics topics
Expands knowledge and explores advanced concepts beyond the scope of the course
Browse courses on Particle Physics
Show steps
  • Identify reputable sources for video tutorials on advanced particle physics topics, such as supersymmetry, string theory, or dark matter.
  • Diligently follow the tutorials, taking notes and asking questions to enhance understanding.
  • Engage in discussions with classmates or online forums to exchange ideas and clarify concepts.

Career center

Learners who complete Particle Physics: an Introduction will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:
Particle Physicist
Particle physicists are responsible for studying the particles that make up matter and energy. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of particle physics, including the properties of atomic nuclei, the interactions between particles, and the ways in which particles can be accelerated and detected. This knowledge is essential for particle physicists who want to design and conduct experiments to study the nature of matter and energy.
Nuclear Engineer
Nuclear engineers are responsible for the design, construction, and operation of nuclear power plants and other nuclear facilities. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of nuclear physics, including the structure of atomic nuclei, the interactions between nucleons, and the ways in which nuclear reactions can be controlled. This knowledge is essential for nuclear engineers who want to design and operate nuclear facilities safely and efficiently.
Accelerator Physicist
Accelerator physicists are responsible for the design, construction, and operation of particle accelerators. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of particle acceleration, including the principles of electromagnetic acceleration and focalization, and the ways in which particle beams can be used to study the nature of matter and energy. This knowledge is essential for accelerator physicists who want to design and operate accelerators for research and medical applications.
Detector Physicist
Detector physicists are responsible for the design, construction, and operation of particle detectors. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of particle detection, including the interactions between particles and matter, and the ways in which these interactions can be used to measure the properties of particles. This knowledge is essential for detector physicists who want to design and operate detectors for research and medical applications.
Experimental Physicist
Experimental physicists are responsible for the design, construction, and operation of experiments to study the nature of matter and energy. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of experimental physics, including the principles of experimental design, data analysis, and statistical methods. This knowledge is essential for experimental physicists who want to design and conduct experiments to test theories and models of the universe.
Theoretical Physicist
Theoretical physicists are responsible for developing and testing theories to explain the nature of matter and energy. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of theoretical physics, including the principles of quantum mechanics, relativity, and field theory. This knowledge is essential for theoretical physicists who want to develop and test theories to explain the universe.
High School Physics Teacher
High school physics teachers are responsible for teaching physics to high school students. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of physics, including mechanics, electricity and magnetism, waves, and optics. This knowledge is essential for high school physics teachers who want to teach physics in a clear and engaging way.
College Physics Professor
College physics professors are responsible for teaching physics to college students. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of physics, including mechanics, electricity and magnetism, waves, and optics. This knowledge is essential for college physics professors who want to teach physics in a clear and engaging way.
Science Writer
Science writers are responsible for writing about science and technology for a general audience. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of science and technology, including the principles of physics, chemistry, and biology. This knowledge is essential for science writers who want to write about science and technology in a clear and engaging way.
Patent Attorney
Patent attorneys are responsible for drafting and prosecuting patent applications for inventions. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of intellectual property law, including the principles of patent law, copyright law, and trademark law. This knowledge is essential for patent attorneys who want to draft and prosecute patent applications for inventions in the fields of science and technology.
Technical Writer
Technical writers are responsible for writing technical documentation, such as user manuals, technical reports, and white papers. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of technical writing, including the principles of clear and concise writing, and the use of technical language. This knowledge is essential for technical writers who want to write technical documentation for a variety of audiences.
Science Policy Analyst
Science policy analysts are responsible for analyzing science policy issues and making recommendations to policymakers. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of science policy, including the principles of scientific research, the role of government in science, and the ethical issues involved in science policy. This knowledge is essential for science policy analysts who want to analyze science policy issues and make recommendations to policymakers.
Museum curator
Museum curators are responsible for managing and preserving museum collections. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of museum studies, including the principles of museum management, collection care, and exhibition design. This knowledge is essential for museum curators who want to manage and preserve museum collections for the public.
Librarian
Librarians are responsible for managing and providing access to library collections. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of library science, including the principles of library management, collection development, and reference services. This knowledge is essential for librarians who want to manage and provide access to library collections for the public.
Archivist
Archivists are responsible for managing and preserving archival collections. This course provides a strong foundation in the fundamental concepts of archival science, including the principles of archival management, collection care, and archival research. This knowledge is essential for archivists who want to manage and preserve archival collections for the public.

Reading list

We've selected ten books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Particle Physics: an Introduction.
Comprehensive introduction to particle physics. It covers topics such as the Standard Model, particle accelerators, and detectors.
Comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to particle physics. It covers topics such as the Standard Model, supersymmetry, and dark matter.
Comprehensive introduction to nuclear and particle physics. It covers topics such as nuclear structure, nuclear reactions, and particle physics.
Is an introduction to high-energy astrophysics. It covers topics such as black holes, neutron stars, and gamma rays.
Comprehensive introduction to string theory. It covers topics such as the basics of string theory, string field theory, and black holes.
Very short introduction to particle physics. It covers topics such as the Standard Model, particle accelerators, and detectors.
Popular science book about particle physics. It covers topics such as the history of particle physics, the Standard Model, and the search for new particles.

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