Introduction to Particle Accelerators (NPAP MOOC) from Coursera

Welcome to the Nordic Particle Accelerator Program's (NPAP) Massive Open Online Courses and to the fascinating world of particle accelerators!

Did you know that in the year of 2000 there were more than 15 000 particle accelerators in the world? Yet, today it has grown to more than 30 000 of them! A third of the particle accelerators are dedicated to medical applications, such as radio therapy, and a half are used for ion implantation in semiconductor devices. Also numerous particle accelerators are used for sterilizing food. Despite these everyday life examples of small particle accelerators, it is the large accelerators, like the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, that most people associate with particle accelerators. There will be many new applications for particle accelerators in the future and by that there is a need for MOOCs that describe the techniques and applications of these machines..

The NPAP series of MOOCs consists of three MOOCs designed to disseminate knowledge about particle accelerator technology to impacted fields. The courses have been made possible thanks to the support of the Erasmus Plus, Strategic Partnership funding of the European Commission and thanks to the dedicated lecturers from the universities of Lund, Uppsala, Arhus, Oslo and Jyväskylä, and by experts from the MAX IV Laboratory and European Spallation Source (ESS), both in Lund, Sweden.

In many of the lectures we detail the MAX IV Laboratory and ESS - currently hosting the most powerful synchrotron light source and neutron source in the world. In the MAX IV Laboratory intense X-ray beams are produced by electrons that are first accelerated to almost the speed of light, and at ESS protons will be accelerated and, by a process called spallation, generate intense beams of neutron. The X-ray and neutron beams are used for looking into matter, down to the atomic level. The MAX IV Laboratory and ESS form a unique European center of excellence for thousands of scientists that together build the world of tomorrow. We also take a closer look at the Large Hadron Collider, at CERN, in Geneva. This powerful machine has already had an immense impact on theoretical physics and will continue to contribute to our knowledge of nature for quite some time.

The first course in our NPAP series is the Introduction to Particle Accelerators. It explains how a particle accelerator can generate light of wavelengths down to one Angstrom. It also explains how the ESS facility can create a massive flux of neutrons by accelerating protons and let them smash into a disk of tungsten. The initial modules provide the basic knowledge about linear and circular accelerators that is required to understand other types of accelerators, like the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), at CERN in Geneva. We describe LHC and give an introduction to the elementary particle physics it is used for. We continue by describing some new concepts for future particle accelerators, like plasma driven accelerators.

The second MOOC in the series is called "Fundamentals of Particle Accelerator Technology (NPAP MOOC)" and offers four modules: The Radio Frequency (RF) System of Accelerators; Magnet technology for accelerator; Beam Diagnostics; Basics of Vacuum techniques. The third MOOC is - Medical Applications of Particle Accelerators, which offers the four modules: Introduction to the course and radiotherapy; Linear electron accelerators for radiotherapy; Proton therapy part I; Proton therapy part II and the production of medical radionuclides.

The three MOOCs can be taken either separately or as a package. For students that intend to take all three courses we recommend that they are taken in order.

Get started and join us on this journey through the world of particle accelerators and be amazed by their importance for our lives and societies!

Best Regards,

The NPAP Team!

What's inside

Syllabus

Accelerators for Synchrotron Light

This module is about photon light sources. In particular it describes how electromagnetic radiation is produced in particle accelerators. The wavelengths of the radiation that is created in accelerators range from several meters down to a few angstrom. These electromagnetic waves help us to develop new materials and drugs, and also to reveal the inner structures of objects.

Photon light sources and MAX IV

This module explains how electromagnetic radiation can be created by accelerating particles and the different characteristics inherited. After a brief history of the discovery of synchrotron radiation the module focuses on the characteristics of synchrotron radiation and its features. The second part describes the magnetic devices that make electrons radiate light, while the third and last part is about Free Electron Lasers, a new type of light source that generates very coherent radiation.

Spallation sources and ESS

This module is about particle accelerators that create neutrons. It first describes how protons, or heavy ions, with large kinetic energies create neutrons as they are smashed into the nucleuses of heavy atoms, a process called spallation. It then discusses how the neutrons created in the spallation process can be used to reveal the atomic structures of materials and the inner structures of objects. The second part of the module gives a detailed description the European Spallation Source (ESS), located in Lund, Sweden. In particular it describes the different parts of the 600 meter long linear accelerator of ESS that accelerates protons to large kinetic energies.

Particle Colliders

This module describes particle colliders and explains why we need them. After a brief history of colliders it focuses on the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which is the world’s largest collider. This is followed by two lectures on linear colliders, exemplified by two proposed electron-positron colliders, CLIC and ILC. Finally the module discusses different options for the next generation of circular colliders.

Stay tuned for upcoming resources

We are constantly working on sharing more knowledge and fun resources with all of you! As such, we have created this module as a platform for more exciting new knowledge and materials that will be added to this course in the future as fun extra curricular activity! Notifications will be sent out to registered learners when we launch these updates, so stay tuned and keep an eye out for these updates in the future!

Well done! You have now successfully finalized the course!

Good to know

Know what's good

, what to watch for

, and possible dealbreakers

Suitable for novices or intermediate learners who want to grasp particle accelerator technology

Provides a solid foundation in particle accelerator concepts and applications

Features distinguished instructors from renowned universities and research labs

Course content aligns with industry practices and emerging technologies in particle accelerator applications

Covers various aspects of particle accelerators, including synchrotron light, spallation sources, particle colliders, and medical applications

May require prior knowledge in physics or engineering for a deeper understanding of the technical concepts

Reviews summary

Accelerators 101: understanding particle accelerators

Learners say that this introductory course on particle accelerators is largely positive, especially for beginners. It is well-paced and clearly laid out. The information is presented with sufficient detail and includes good foundational knowledge and an overview of global facilities.

Arts help to understand the course.

"Great course! I loved the arts that helped to understando the course, all teacher are very clear in the subject, I recomend"

Information is clearly laid out.

"Informative course, well paced and the information is clearly laid out for learners. "

Professors explain concepts well.

"The subtitle translations are sometimes incorrect, but overall a good course."

"Very nice introduction to accelerators! I can hardly wait for the wakefield technology module."

"It gives a good introductory knowledge about particle accelerators( absolute for a beginner )."

Not enough illustation of concepts.

"Too high level, not enough illustation of concepts .. "

Difficult to understand what teachers are saying.

"It's hard to understand what the teachers are saying in English, which is a bit sad since they re only reading their texts."

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Introduction to Particle Accelerators (NPAP MOOC) with these activities:

Unveiling the principles of spallation sources

Show steps

Explore the fundamentals of spallation sources and gain insights into their use for neutron scattering research.

Show steps

Refer to the lecture note and videos from the ESS website
Take an online course on the principles of spallation neutron sources
Participate in a virtual workshop on neutron scattering techniques

Deep dive into synchrotron light

Show steps

By following a guided tutorial, you can gain a comprehensive understanding of synchrotron light generation and its applications.

Show steps

Visit the MAX IV Laboratory website and explore the resources for synchrotron light
Sign up for an online tutorial on the basics of synchrotron radiation
Complete an interactive exercise to simulate the interaction of particles in a synchrotron

Accelerate your knowledge of colliders

Show steps

Engage in practice drills to master the concepts and techniques related to particle colliders.

Show steps

Solve numerical problems on collider design and operation
Analyze experimental data from particle collisions
Participate in online forums to discuss collider physics

Show all three activities

Career center

Learners who complete Introduction to Particle Accelerators (NPAP MOOC) will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:

Particle Accelerator Operator

Particle Accelerator Operators operate and maintain particle accelerators, which help to advance scientific research. They also use these machines to produce isotopes for medical and industrial use. This course would be especially valuable to someone who wants to pursue a career as an accelerator operator, as it provides a solid foundation in accelerator physics and in the technology used to operate and maintain accelerators.

See salaries and explore the career path for Particle Accelerator Operator

Research Scientist

Research Scientists conduct scientific research to advance knowledge and develop new technologies. They may work in a variety of fields, such as physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering. This course may be helpful to someone who wants to pursue a career as a research scientist, as it provides a foundation in the physics of particle accelerators, which are used in a variety of scientific research applications. This course can also help build the critical thinking and problem solving skills that are necessary for a successful research career.

See salaries and explore the career path for Research Scientist

Medical Physicist

Medical Physicists use their knowledge of physics to develop and use techniques and equipment used for radiation therapy. Radiation therapy uses ionizing radiation to treat cancer. This course helps build a foundation in both the basic science of radiation, and in the technology used to generate and deliver it in a medical context. This course would be especially valuable to someone who wants to pursue a career in this field.

See salaries and explore the career path for Medical Physicist

Nuclear Engineer

Nuclear Engineers use their knowledge of nuclear physics and nuclear engineering to lead and collaborate on the research, design, development, operation, and maintenance of nuclear systems. These systems include nuclear power plants, nuclear medicine, and radiation therapy. This course can be helpful to someone interested in pursuing a career in nuclear engineering, as it provides a foundation in accelerator physics, which is a critical component of many nuclear systems.

See salaries and explore the career path for Nuclear Engineer

Science Teacher

Science Teachers educate students in science subjects, such as physics, chemistry, and biology. They develop lesson plans, conduct experiments, and grade assignments. This course may be helpful to someone who wants to pursue a career as a science teacher, as it provides a foundation in the physics of particle accelerators, which are used in a variety of scientific research applications. This knowledge would help a teacher to better explain the concepts of particle physics to their students.

See salaries and explore the career path for Science Teacher

Radiation Therapist

Radiation Therapists deliver radiation treatments to patients with cancer under the supervision of a doctor. They operate radiation therapy equipment and monitor patients during treatment. This course may be helpful to someone who wants to pursue a career as a radiation therapist, as it provides a foundation in radiation physics and in the technology used to generate and deliver radiation in a medical context.

See salaries and explore the career path for Radiation Therapist

Engineer

Engineers design, develop, and maintain machines, structures, and systems. They may work in a variety of industries, such as manufacturing, construction, and transportation. This course may be useful to engineers who work in industries that use particle accelerators, such as the medical, industrial, and research industries.

See salaries and explore the career path for Engineer

Project Manager

Project Managers plan, organize, and execute projects. They may work in a variety of industries, such as construction, manufacturing, and software development. This course may be useful to project managers who work on projects that involve the use of particle accelerators.

See salaries and explore the career path for Project Manager

Technical Writer

Technical Writers create and edit technical documentation, such as manuals, reports, and presentations. They may work in a variety of industries, such as software development, manufacturing, and engineering. This course may be useful to someone who wants to pursue a career as a technical writer in the field of particle accelerators.

See salaries and explore the career path for Technical Writer

Science Writer

Science Writers communicate complex scientific concepts to a non-technical audience. They may work for magazines, newspapers, websites, or other media outlets. This course may be useful to someone who wants to pursue a career as a science writer in the field of particle accelerators, as it would provide the necessary knowledge to accurately and effectively communicate complex scientific concepts on the topic.

See salaries and explore the career path for Science Writer

Consultant

Consultants provide advice and expertise to businesses and organizations. They may work in a variety of fields, such as management, finance, and engineering. This course could be useful for someone working as a consultant in the field of particle accelerators, as it would provide the necessary knowledge to advise clients on the use and applications of particle accelerators.

See salaries and explore the career path for Consultant

Policy Analyst

Policy Analysts research and analyze public policies. They may work for government agencies, non-profit organizations, or think tanks. This course may be useful to policy analysts who work on policies related to particle accelerators.

See salaries and explore the career path for Policy Analyst

Patent Attorney

Patent Attorneys help clients obtain patents for their inventions. They may also advise clients on patent infringement and other intellectual property matters. This course could be useful to someone working as a patent attorney in the field of particle accelerators, as it would provide the necessary knowledge to understand and protect intellectual property related to particle accelerators.

See salaries and explore the career path for Patent Attorney