有机化学 from Coursera

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欢迎学习有机化学，有机化学是研究各类有机化合物的结构、性质、相互转化及其规律的一门学科。在本模块中你将学习什么是有机化学，什么是有机化合物；有机化合物有哪些特点；共价键有几种类型？σ键和π键是如何形成的，各自有何特点；共价键的断裂方式有几种；不同断裂方式对应哪种反应类型，以及有机化合物该如何分类等知识重点。

烷烃和环烷烃

本模块将重点介绍烷烃和环烷烃的结构、命名、性质。请你带着这些问题学习本模块内容：烷烃的命名方法是什么；什么是构象？何谓优势构象？环己烷什么构像最稳定；烷烃自由基取代反应的机制是什么；环烷烃与烷烃的化学性质有何异同；环烷烃稳定性与环的大小有何关系。

烯烃和炔烃

本模块将重点介绍烯烃、炔烃和共轭二烯烃的结构特征，烯烃的亲电加成反应及机理，电子效应等知识。请你带着这些问题学习本模块内容：如何标记碳碳双键的构型；什么又是烯烃的亲电加成反应？其机理是什么；烯烃和炔烃在化学性质上有哪些异同点；什么是马氏规则；何为诱导效应和共轭效应。

波谱学基础

本模块将介绍有机波谱学的基本知识，包括核磁共振波谱、红外吸收光谱、紫外吸收光谱和质谱。请你带着这些问题学习本模块内容：何为有机化学四大波谱？它们在有机物结构鉴定方面主要解决什么问题；核磁共振发生的条件是什么？核磁氢谱的主要参数有哪些？如何解析核磁氢谱；影响分子振动吸收频率的主要因素有哪些；具有什么结构特征的化合物具有紫外吸收现象；质谱的原理又是什么？

芳香化合物

本重点介绍苯的结构、芳香烃的亲电取代反应及机制、亲电取代反应的定位效应、非苯性芳烃及Hückel规则。请你带着这些问题学习本模块内容：芳香烃是如何命名的；芳香烃的结构特点是什么；芳香性的含义是什么；怎样判断化合物分子是否具有芳香性；苯环上亲电取代反应的定位效应是什么？其原因又是什么？

立体化学

本模块将重点介绍立体异构中所涉及的一些基本概念。请你带着这些问题学习本模块内容：什么是旋光异构体？什么是旋光度、比旋光度；手性、手性分子、手性碳原子、对映异构体、非对映体、内消旋体、外消旋体分别是什么含义；分子的对称因素与手性有何关系？如何判断化合物是否具有旋光性；Fischer投影式的书写规则是什么；旋光异构体构型的标记方法有几种？又是如何标记的呢？

卤代烃

本模块将介绍卤代烃结构、类型及其反应，并重点介绍SN1、SN2、E1、E2反应及其机制。SN和E的竞争性反应等知识。请你带着这些问题学习本模块内容：卤代烃的分类方法有几种；伯卤代烃与叔卤代烃发生的亲核取代反应机制有什么不同；卤代烃的消除反应有什么规律？不同结构卤代烃发生消除反应的活性大小顺序如何；亲核取代反应和消除反应的竞争受哪些因素的影响；乙烯型卤代烃和烯丙型卤代烃发生亲核取代反应的活性有何不同？为什么？

醇、酚、醚

本模块将醇、酚、醚的基本结构、命名和性质。请你带着这些问题学习本模块内容：醇的卤代及脱水反应中，为什么会出现分子重排产物；邻二醇都有哪些特性；酚的结构有什么特点？酚羟基与醇羟基有什么不同；鉴别醇和酚都有哪些方法；醚键是如何断裂的？取代环氧乙烷的开环反应有何规律？

醛、酮、醌

本模块将重点介绍醛、酮、醌的结构和命名、醛酮的亲核加成反应、缩合反应、氧化还原反应等知识。请你带着这些问题学习本模块内容：醛、酮和醌在结构上有何联系与区别；醛酮亲核加成反应的机理与烯烃亲电加成反应的机理有何不同；不饱和醛酮的亲核加成反应是怎样进行的；什么是碘仿反应？羟醛缩合反应发生的条件是什么；醌的结构决定了它有哪些化学性质？

羧酸及其衍生物

本模块将重点介绍羧酸及其衍生物的结构、分类和命名，羧酸的酸性及其影响因素，羧酸衍生物的亲核取代反应及其机制等知识。请你带着这些问题学习本模块内容：羧基中存在什么类型电子效应；羧酸的酸性强弱取决于哪些因素，有何规律；不同二元酸受热时所发生的反应有何差异；羧酸衍生物的水解、醇解和氨解属于什么反应类型？它们的活性次序如何；什么是Claisen酯缩合反应？什么类型的酯才能进行该反应。

胺和杂环

本模块将重点介绍胺和杂环化合物的结构、分类、命名及性质。请你带着这些问题学习本模块内容：伯、仲、叔胺的化学性质有何异同之处？如何鉴别；影响胺类碱性强弱的因素有哪些；胺和酰胺的化学性质有什么不同；为什么吡咯有一定的酸性而吡啶却显碱性；为什么吡啶既能发生亲电取代又能进行亲核取代反应。

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本课程内容包括烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃、卤代烃、醇、酚、醚，醛、酮、醌、羧酸及其衍生物、胺、杂环等有机化合物的性质、相互转化以及机理问题。

适合于学习有机化学基础知识的学生

课程还介绍立体化学和波谱学基础。

课程由张祯和唐玉海教授授课。

课程设置了单元练习题、课程考试和课间提问。

课程提供了波谱学基础和立体化学知识，帮助学生加深对有机化学的理解。

课程涵盖有机化合物的结构、性质和相互转化，以及有机化学反应的机理和合成路线设计等知识，为进一步的专业学习打下基础。

Reviews summary

Educational organic chemistry

This course wonderfully introduces organic chemistry through engaging videos and materials.

Professor Tang employs useful examples.

"Pro. Tang is a good teacher! In his class, he uses active and useful examples to clearly illustrate the points!"

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in 有机化学 with these activities:

复习基础概念

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通过整理和复习基础概念，加强对有机化学的理解。

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回顾高中化学基本知识
复习大学无机化学和普通化学知识
查阅课程推荐教材和参考资料

练习有机化合物命名

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通过大量的练习掌握有机化合物的命名规则。

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根据分子结构命名化合物
根据名称绘制化合物结构

观看有机化学在线教程

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通过观看在线教程拓展知识，补充课堂学习。

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寻找高质量的有机化学在线教程
观看教程并做笔记
尝试解决教程中的练习题

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有机化学术语解释

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通过解释有机化学术语加深对概念的理解。

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选择重要的有机化学术语
深入理解每个术语的含义
用自己的语言解释这些术语
制作一份术语表

有机化学小组讨论

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通过与同学讨论和交流，巩固对有机化学概念的理解。

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寻找志同道合的同学
确定讨论主题
准备讨论材料
参与讨论

录制有机化学反应视频

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通过制作视频讲解有机化学反应，加深对反应机理的理解。

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选择要讲解的反应
深入理解反应机理
设计视频脚本
录制视频
编辑和上传视频

贡献开源有机化学项目

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通过参与开源项目，将理论知识付诸实践。

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寻找合适的开源有机化学项目
深入了解项目代码
提交错误报告或改进建议

Career center

Learners who complete 有机化学 will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:

Pharmaceutical Scientist

A Pharmaceutical Scientist is a professional who researches, develops, and tests new and existing drugs and medications. By taking **Organic Chemistry**, you will build a foundation in the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, which will be useful when working with chemical structures and reactions used in drug development.

See salaries and explore the career path for Pharmaceutical Scientist

Biochemist

A Biochemist studies the chemical processes that occur in living organisms. Studying **Organic Chemistry** may be useful for this profession, as it will help you develop a strong foundation in the chemistry of biological molecules.

See salaries and explore the career path for Biochemist

Toxicologist

A Toxicologist is a scientist who studies the effects of toxic substances on living organisms and the environment. Studying **Organic Chemistry** can be useful for this career, as it will enable you to understand the chemical structure and properties of various toxic substances.

See salaries and explore the career path for Toxicologist

Materials Scientist

A Materials Scientist researches and develops new materials and processes for use in various industries. Studying **Organic Chemistry** can be useful for this career, as it will give you a foundation in understanding the chemical structure and properties of different materials.

See salaries and explore the career path for Materials Scientist

Science Writer

A Science Writer communicates complex scientific and technical information to a non-specialist audience. Studying **Organic Chemistry** may be useful in this role, as it will give you a strong foundation in the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, which will enable you to accurately and effectively translate complex scientific concepts into accessible language.

See salaries and explore the career path for Science Writer

Environmental Scientist

An Environmental Scientist studies the environment and its components, and develops solutions to environmental problems. Studying **Organic Chemistry** may be useful in this role, as it will provide you with a solid foundation in the chemistry of organic pollutants, as well as the principles underlying environmental remediation.

See salaries and explore the career path for Environmental Scientist

Forensic Scientist

A Forensic Scientist analyzes and interprets evidence to assist in criminal investigations. Studying **Organic Chemistry** may be helpful for this career path, as it will provide you with a strong foundation in the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, including the structure, properties, and reactions of organic molecules.

See salaries and explore the career path for Forensic Scientist

Science Teacher

A Science Teacher educates students in the field of science. Studying **Organic Chemistry** may be useful for you if you desire this career path, as it will help you build a foundation in the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, including the structure, properties, and reactions of organic molecules.

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Research Scientist

A Research Scientist is a professional who conducts scientific research and experiments to further scientific knowledge or improve existing products, processes, or services. Studying **Organic Chemistry** may be useful for you if you desire this career path, as it will help you to build a foundation in the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, including the structure, properties, and reactions of organic molecules.

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Chemist

A Chemist is a scientist who studies the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter. Studying **Organic Chemistry** may be useful for you if you desire this career path, as it will help you to build a foundation in the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, including the structure, properties, and reactions of organic molecules.

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Chemical Technician

A Chemical Technician assists chemists and other scientists in conducting experiments and analyzing data. Studying **Organic Chemistry** may be useful for you if you desire this career path, as it will help you build a foundation in the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, including the structure, properties, and reactions of organic molecules.

See salaries and explore the career path for Chemical Technician

Patent Attorney

A Patent Attorney is a professional who helps inventors obtain and protect their patents. Studying **Organic Chemistry** may be useful for you if you desire this career path, as it will help you build a foundation in the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, including the structure, properties, and reactions of organic molecules.

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Quality Assurance Specialist

A Quality Assurance Specialist develops and implements quality control procedures to ensure that products and services meet the required standards. Studying **Organic Chemistry** may be useful for you if you desire this career path, as it will help you build a foundation in the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, including the structure, properties, and reactions of organic molecules.

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Chemical Engineer

A Chemical Engineer designs, constructs, and operates chemical plants and equipment. Studying **Organic Chemistry** may be useful in this role, as it will help you better understand various chemical principles and reactions.

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Medical Doctor

A Medical Doctor diagnoses and treats human diseases and injuries. Studying **Organic Chemistry** may be useful for you if you desire this career path, as it will help you build a foundation in the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, including the structure, properties, and reactions of organic molecules.

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有机化学

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Educational organic chemistry

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