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Wheelock's Latin

Chapters 31-40 Lectures

4.9

Based on 74 ratings

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Ben Lugosch

Welcome to part 3 of the bestselling Latin course on Udemy.

These lectures and study materials will help you get to the finish line of the venerable Wheelock Latin text, the standard in American colleges and universities. We pick up at chapter 31, continuing the series of lectures that started with Wheelock's chapters 1-15 and continued with chapters 16-30. Both are available on Udemy.

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What's inside

Learning objectives

By the end of this set of lectures you'll have completed the study of elementary latin grammar.

You'll be ready to begin reading "real" latin authors of intermediate difficulty: caesar, nepos, eutropius, et al.

By the end of this set of lectures you'll have completed the study of elementary latin grammar.
You'll be ready to begin reading "real" latin authors of intermediate difficulty: caesar, nepos, eutropius, et al.

Syllabus

Chapter 31: Cum Clauses; Fero

Summary

Cum clauses indicate temporal, causal or adversative relationship to the main clause of the sentence, and can be translated with our English "since," "because," "after," "when," or even "although." The mood of the verb in a cum clause is indicative when it is strictly temporal, but it is subjunctive everywhere else.

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Summary

The verb fero has some irregular features in the present system. It is a third conjugation verb, but the short -e- of the conjugation drops out completely before an ending that begins with an -r, -s or -t. The principal parts are suppletive, meaning they come from a different verb, and can be difficult to identify when the verb has a prefix.

Summary

Practice with the forms of the verb "fero."

Use these very helpful resources as aids to master the chapter vocabulary.

Congratulations!

You've finished the entire program of elementary grammar and are poised to start reading some real Latin authors. Check out Udemy courses Fabulae Faciles with the Perseus reading. It will help you start building a solid vocabulary of standard Latin prose.

Traffic lights

Read about what's good

what should give you pause

and possible dealbreakers

Prereq: Wheelock Latin, chapters 1-30

Suitable as a Latin continuation course in American colleges and universities

Covers advanced grammar concepts and vocabulary

Teaches grammar concepts which allow learners to read intermediate Latin

Builds on previous knowledge of Latin students

Provides resources and support for self-study

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Reviews summary

Essential wheelock's latin grammar lectures

According to learners, this course is an indispensable and life-saving supplement for navigating the challenging later chapters of Wheelock's Latin, offering exceptional clarity on advanced grammar. Students consistently praise the instructor's ability to explain complex topics like cum clauses, gerundives, and deponent verbs with patience and precision. The course is highly effective in preparing students to read intermediate Latin authors, fulfilling its objective. While some older supplemental materials have notable audio/video quality issues, these are minor and do not detract from the overall highly effective lectures, which are considered top-notch.

Detailed and illuminating coverage of challenging grammatical concepts.

"The deep dive into 'fero' and the irregular verbs... were invaluable for solidifying understanding."

"The explanations of relative clauses of characteristic were particularly illuminating."

"The depth of understanding provided for challenging topics like indirect commands and fear clauses is exactly what I needed."

Successfully bridges the gap to reading authentic Latin texts.

"It truly prepares you for advanced texts."

"I've completed the entire series and now feel confident enough to move onto 'real' Latin."

"The emphasis on practical application for reading real Latin was particularly helpful."

A vital aid for mastering the advanced chapters of Wheelock's Latin.

"Absolutely indispensable! ...Highly recommend for anyone serious about mastering Wheelock's Latin."

"This course makes the later chapters of Wheelock's so much more manageable."

"I wouldn't have been able to finish Wheelock's without this series."

"It's an essential aid if you're using Wheelock's."

The instructor excels at clearly explaining complex Latin grammar.

"The instructor is phenomenal, explaining complex cum clauses and gerundives with such clarity."

"Professor Miller's explanations are consistently excellent."

"The instructor is brilliant, explaining everything with patience and precision."

"I had tried to tackle these chapters on my own before and struggled, but this course broke them down into understandable chunks."

Minor audio/video issues in some older supplementary materials.

"My only minor quibble is that some of the older video lectures for sentence help... are a bit dated in terms of audio quality."

"The video quality on some older bonus sections could be improved."

"Some of the older supplemental materials are indeed 'shamefully recorded'... which is a minor distraction but doesn't detract from the core lectures."

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures with these activities:

Read Wheelock's Latin Grammar: 6th Edition

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As a foundational text for elementary Latin, this book provides a comprehensive overview of grammar, forms, and syntax.

View Wheelock's Latin, 7th Edition (The Wheelock's... on Amazon

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Acquire a copy of Wheelock's Latin Grammar
Read the introductory chapters
Study the grammar rules and examples
Complete the practice exercises

Follow a Latin grammar tutorial series

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Following a structured tutorial series can provide a systematic and comprehensive review of Latin grammar.

Browse courses on Latin Grammar

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Find a reputable Latin grammar tutorial series
Set aside regular time to follow the tutorials
Take notes and practice examples

Drill Latin verb conjugations

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Practice conjugating Latin verbs to solidify your understanding of the various verb tenses and moods.

Browse courses on Latin Grammar

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Choose a Latin verb
Determine the verb's principal parts
Conjugate the verb in various tenses and moods

Four other activities

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Show all seven activities

Create Latin flashcards

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Creating flashcards helps reinforce vocabulary and improves memorization.

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Gather a list of Latin words and their meanings
Design and create the flashcards
Regularly review the flashcards

Translate a short Latin passage

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Translating a Latin passage allows you to test and apply your understanding of grammar, vocabulary, and syntax.

Browse courses on Latin Grammar

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Select a short Latin passage
Break down the passage into smaller segments
Identify the grammatical structures and vocabulary
Construct an accurate English translation

Join a Latin language exchange group

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Engaging with other Latin learners allows you to practice speaking and listening to the language.

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Find a local or online Latin language exchange group
Attend meetings and interact with other learners
Practice speaking, listening, and reading Latin

Volunteer as a Latin tutor

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Teaching Latin to others solidifies your knowledge and provides practical experience.

Browse courses on Latin Grammar

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Identify opportunities to volunteer as a Latin tutor
Prepare lesson plans and materials
Tutor students in Latin grammar, vocabulary, and conversation

Career center

Learners who complete Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:

Latin Teacher

A Latin Teacher educates students in the Latin language and Roman culture. They develop lesson plans to teach Latin grammar, vocabulary, and literature. They prepare students for standardized tests and help them develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills. With a focus on grammar, vocabulary, and literature, Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures could be helpful to a Latin Teacher.

See salaries and explore the career path for Latin Teacher

Archaeologist

Archaeologists study past cultures by excavating and examining historical sites. They may also work in museums or other settings where they are responsible for preserving and interpreting historical artifacts. Latin is often used in the study of ancient Roman archaeology and Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures may be useful in building a foundation in the Latin language.

See salaries and explore the career path for Archaeologist

Theology Professor

Theology Professors teach courses and conduct research in the field of theology. They may work at colleges or universities, or they may work in other settings, such as seminaries or churches. Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures could be helpful for Theology Professors by providing them with a solid foundation in Latin language and grammar. This may be particularly valuable for those who study early Christian texts or the works of medieval theologians.

See salaries and explore the career path for Theology Professor

Historian

Historians study the past by examining historical documents and sources. An Historian may specialize in a particular period of history, such as Ancient Rome. Knowledge of Latin can be a valuable asset for Historians, as many historical documents from Ancient Rome were written in Latin. By providing a comprehensive overview of Latin grammar, syntax, and vocabulary, Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures may be helpful for Historians who wish to develop their Latin proficiency.

See salaries and explore the career path for Historian

Research Scholar

Research Scholars conduct research in a particular field of study. They may work in a university, research institution, or other setting. Research Scholars typically have a PhD in their field of study and are experts in their field. To be successful in this role, proficiency in Latin is often a requirement and Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures may be useful for someone looking to develop this proficiency.

See salaries and explore the career path for Research Scholar

Curriculum Developer

Curriculum Developers design and develop educational programs and materials. They may work with teachers, administrators, and other stakeholders to identify the learning needs of students and create curricula that meet those needs. A Curriculum Developer may also be responsible for developing assessments to measure student learning. By providing a comprehensive overview of Latin grammar, syntax, and vocabulary, Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures may be useful for a Curriculum Developer by offering them the knowledge and skills needed to develop effective Latin language learning materials.

See salaries and explore the career path for Curriculum Developer

Archivist

Archivists are responsible for the preservation, organization, and management of historical records and documents. An understanding of Latin is a valuable asset in this role, as many historical documents are written in Latin. Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures could be helpful for developing this knowledge.

See salaries and explore the career path for Archivist

Librarian

Librarians help people find and access information. They may work in a variety of settings, such as public libraries, school libraries, and university libraries. Some libraries have large collections of Latin texts, so an understanding of Latin could be a valuable asset for a Librarian. Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures may be useful in helping someone develop this understanding.

See salaries and explore the career path for Librarian

Translator

Translators convert written or spoken text from one language to another. They may work in a variety of settings, such as government agencies, businesses, and non-profit organizations. Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures could be helpful in translating Latin texts.

See salaries and explore the career path for Translator

Political Scientist

Political Scientists study politics and government. They may work in academia, government, or the private sector. Some Political Scientists specialize in the study of ancient political systems, such as the Roman Republic. Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures could aid in the study of ancient texts on politics.

See salaries and explore the career path for Political Scientist

Cultural Anthropologist

Cultural Anthropologists study the customs, beliefs, and behaviors of different cultures. Some Cultural Anthropologists work in settings where Latin could be useful such as Central or South America. Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures could help build a foundation to start learning more specialized vocabulary.

See salaries and explore the career path for Cultural Anthropologist

Museum Educator

Museum Educators develop and deliver educational programs for museums and other cultural institutions. They may work with students of all ages, from preschoolers to adults. Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures could be useful for a Museum Educator who specializes in ancient Roman history.

See salaries and explore the career path for Museum Educator

Editor

Editors review, correct, and prepare written material for publication. They may work for publishing houses, magazines, newspapers, or other organizations. Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures could be useful for an Editor who works with Latin texts.

See salaries and explore the career path for Editor

Museum curator

Museum Curators are responsible for the care and display of museum collections. They may also conduct research, write articles, and give lectures on their areas of expertise. Familiarity with Latin may be beneficial as many museum collections contain items related to Ancient Rome.

See salaries and explore the career path for Museum curator

Writer

Writers create written content, such as articles, books, and scripts. They may work in a variety of settings, such as newspapers, magazines, and publishing houses. Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures could be helpful for a Writer who wants to incorporate Latin into their work.

See salaries and explore the career path for Writer

Reading list

We've selected seven books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Wheelock's Latin: Chapters 31-40 Lectures.

Cover image

Cover image

Latin for Beginners

Save

This venerable text is helpful as a reference especially in the early chapters as it offers a more accessible and thorough study of basic Latin grammar and syntax than Wheelock's. It is used as a textbook commonly at many academic institutions, and it contains many exercises and drills to aid the learner.

Latin for Beginners

Latin for Beginners: Centurion Edition by Dr....

LATIN FOR BEGINNERS (Classic Literature & Fiction)...

Colloquia latina. Adapted to the beginners' books...

Colloquia latina. Adapted to the beginners' books...

Latin for Beginners: Grammar in 79 Lessons

Latin For Beginners(illustrated)

Latin for beginners - Primary Source Edition

Cover image

Cover image

What to Read, and How to Read

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Another extremely thorough Latin grammar, Harkness' A Latin Grammar can serve as a useful reference tool or supplementary text alongside Wheelock's Latin. It is used as a textbook commonly at many academic institutions, and it includes a helpful appendix of additional verb paradigms.

What to Read, and How to Read

What to Read, and How to Read

Cover image

Cover image

Cicero's Orations. the First Oration Against C....

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These speeches by one of Rome's most famous orators are a great way to read real Latin and learn about Roman history and politics. They are also a valuable resource for learning about Latin grammar and syntax.

Cicero's Orations. the First Oration Against C....

Cicero's Orations. the First Oration Against C....

Cover image

Cover image

Colloquia Personarum

Save

This innovative Latin textbook teaches Latin through immersion, using only Latin texts and illustrations. It challenging but effective way to learn Latin and can be a useful supplement to Wheelock's Latin.

Colloquia Personarum

Colloquia Personarum

Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for Schools...

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This more modern Latin grammar that is also very popular with students. It provides a comprehensive overview of Latin grammar and syntax, as well as information on Latin literature and culture.

Allen and Greenough's New Latin grammar for schools...

Cover image

Cover image

Vergil's Aeneid, Books I-vi, With An Introduction

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This epic poem is one of the most important works of Latin literature and great way to read real Latin and learn about Roman mythology. It is also a valuable resource for learning about Latin grammar and syntax.

Vergil's Aeneid, Books I-vi, With An Introduction

Vergil's Aeneid, Books I-vi, With An Introduction

Cover image

Cover image

The Eclogues of Vergil

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While this book is more valuable as additional reading than it is as a current reference, it useful supplement for gaining background knowledge about Latin literature and its authors. offers a broad overview of the subject matter and can help learners contextualize their study of Latin grammar.

The Eclogues of Vergil (Sather Classical Lectures...

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Rating

4.9

Effort

5 total hours

Via

Udemy

Instructor

Ben Lugosch

Language

English

Traffic lights

Read about what's good

what should give you pause

and possible dealbreakers

Prereq: Wheelock Latin, chapters 1-30

Suitable as a Latin continuation course in American colleges and universities

Covers advanced grammar concepts and vocabulary

Teaches grammar concepts which allow learners to read intermediate Latin

Builds on previous knowledge of Latin students

Provides resources and support for self-study

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