Tumor Suppressor Genes

Tumor suppressor genes, often abbreviated to TSGs, are genes that code for proteins that help to prevent or suppress the development of cancer. TSGs do this by controlling cell growth, repairing damaged DNA, and inducing cell death in cells that have sustained irreparable DNA damage. Tumor suppressor genes are vital for maintaining the health and integrity of the genome and preventing the development of cancer.

How do Tumor Suppressor Genes Work?

TSGs work in several ways to prevent cancer. One of the most important functions of TSGs is to control cell growth. TSGs code for proteins that regulate the cell cycle, ensuring that cells only divide when necessary. If TSGs are mutated or deleted, cells may divide uncontrollably, leading to the development of tumors.

In addition to controlling cell growth, TSGs also play a role in repairing damaged DNA. TSGs code for proteins that repair damaged DNA or induce cell death in cells with irreparable DNA damage. If TSGs are mutated or deleted, damaged DNA may not be repaired properly, leading to the accumulation of mutations and the development of cancer.

What Happens When Tumor Suppressor Genes Are Mutated or Deleted?

The mutation or deletion of TSGs can lead to the development of cancer. When TSGs are mutated or deleted, they may not be able to function properly, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and the development of tumors. In addition, mutations in TSGs can lead to the accumulation of mutations in other genes, further increasing the risk of cancer.

Examples of Tumor Suppressor Genes

There are many different TSGs, each of which has a specific function. Some of the most well-known TSGs include: