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Fabien Ohl

L'objectif du cours est de permettre une compréhension distanciée du dopage. C’est pour atteindre cet objectif que le cours s’appuie sur une approche pluridisciplinaire qui constitue une opportunité d'observer comment diverses disciplines abordent un même objet, selon différents angles et de manière complémentaire. Il s'agit également de donner des repères permettant d'appréhender le dopage dans sa complexité.

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L'objectif du cours est de permettre une compréhension distanciée du dopage. C’est pour atteindre cet objectif que le cours s’appuie sur une approche pluridisciplinaire qui constitue une opportunité d'observer comment diverses disciplines abordent un même objet, selon différents angles et de manière complémentaire. Il s'agit également de donner des repères permettant d'appréhender le dopage dans sa complexité.

Le dopage dans le sport est une pratique complexe dont la définition et l'identification renvoient à la construction sociale et historique de normes.

Le cours propose une clarification des processus qui ont conduit à l'usage et la prohibition des produits dopants. L'amélioration des performances ou les transformations des apparences sont deux aspects du dopage qui dérangent alors que pourtant les sociétés vantent les mérites de "l'amélioration" du corps et que les marchés du "human enhancement" prospèrent. Ces apparentes contradictions seront analysées en montrant que, au-delà des questions sanitaires, le dopage est au croisement de multiples enjeux sociaux, scientifiques ou encore juridiques.

Pour y faire face, les autorités sportives et étatiques ont contribué à la mise en place d’institutions en charge de l'identification du dopage, de politiques de prévention, de répression et de recherche. Les dispositifs biologiques de contrôle comme le passeport biologique, les dimensions juridiques qui fondent la lutte contre le dopage, les organisations de production de la performance, comme les dimensions sociologiques du dopage seront abordés par ce cours.

Outre les enseignants de l’Université de Lausanne, les meilleurs spécialistes du dopage, d’un laboratoire antidopage (LAD), du TAS (Tribunal Arbitral du Sport), de l’UEFA (football) et de l’AMA (Agence Mondiale Antidopage) interviennent dans ce cours.

Teaser: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=70ZQVQsWAdo

Objectifs pédagogiques principaux :

A la fin de ce cours les participants seront capables de:

1. Identifier la dimension « culturelle » du dopage, c’est-à-dire comme pratique qui a une histoire en lien avec la transformation de normes sociales

2. Passer d’un mode de raisonnement binaire sur le dopage, pour ou contre, à la compréhension de la complexité d’un phénomène à la fois biologique, psychologique et sociologique

3. Reconnaître les institutions, les acteurs et les pratiques de lutte contre le dopage

4. Expliquer comment le contexte social et organisationnel pèse sur les décisions des individus et comment il peut être réduit par des mesures de prévention.

5. Identifier comment fonctionne la lutte contre le dopage et les procédures de contrôle

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Syllabus

Module 1- Identification et définition du dopage
Le premier module porte sur l’identification et la définition du dopage. Il propose une approche critique et distanciée en s’appuyant sur les sciences sociales. Il permet de comprendre le dopage comme une norme sociale de production des performances sportives. L’historique du dopage et sa définition actuelle selon les normes juridiques de l’Agence Mondiale Antidopage (AMA) y sont abordés.
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Module 2- Pourquoi les sportifs se dopent-ils ?
Le module 2 vise à comprendre ce qui peut conduire des individus ordinaires à prendre des produits dopants. L’analyse des processus qui conduisent au dopage est abordée à travers les facteurs sociaux et psycho-sociaux du dopage, ainsi que le rôle de la culture et des organisations sportives. Ce module inclut un entretien avec Denis Hauw, Professeur à l’Institut des Sciences du Sport de l’Université de Lausanne et spécialiste en psychologie du sport.
Module 3- Les organisations face au dopage
Le module 3 propose de mieux connaître le rôle des organisations sportives dans la lutte contre le dopage, à partir de deux exemples, celui de l’Union européenne des associations de football (UEFA) et de l’UCI (Union cycliste internationale). Ce module traite également du rôle des organisations spécialisées en charge de la lutte contre le dopage en présentant deux acteurs majeurs l’AMA (l’Agence mondiale antidopage) et le TAS (Tribunal arbitral du sport), dont une partie des activités porte sur le dopage. La présentation de ces organisations se fait par le biais de 4 entretiens avec :- Frédéric Donzé, Directeur du Bureau européen de l’AMA ; -Marc Vouillamoz, Responsable de l’unité médicale et antidopage de l’UEFA ; -Matthieu Reeb, Secrétaire Général du TAS ; -Olivier Aubel, Maître d'enseignement et de recherche à l’Institut des Sciences du Sport de l’Université de Lausanne qui présente des nouveaux dispositifs proposés à l’UCI pour prévenir le dopage dans le cyclisme.
Module 4- Les approches bioanalytiques et forensiques du dopage
Le module 4 présente les moyens d’analyse et de détection des substances dopantes par l’utilisation d’approches bioanalytiques et forensiques. Il est composé de 4 entretiens réalisés avec les spécialistes du dopage du Laboratoire suisse d’analyse du dopage (LAD) à Lausanne (Suisse) qui proposent de vous expliquer : - le déroulement des bioanalyses (Norbert Baume, responsable scientifique du LAD); - le passeport biologique (Neil Robinson, responsable scientifique du LAD); - l’approche forensique du dopage (François Marclay, chercheur au LAD); - les résultats d’analyse atypiques et des évolutions futures de la lutte contre le dopage (Martial Saugy, directeur du LAD).

Good to know

Know what's good
, what to watch for
, and possible dealbreakers
Développe des compétences approfondies sur les dimensions juridiques, sociales et culturelles du dopage dans le sport
Enseigné par des experts réputés dans le domaine de la lutte contre le dopage
Offre une approche multidisciplinaire qui aborde le dopage sous différents angles
Examine de manière critique la nature culturelle du dopage et sa construction sociale
Analyse l'impact des facteurs sociaux et organisationnels sur les décisions individuelles liées au dopage
Requiert un accès à Internet et à un ordinateur

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Reviews summary

Comprehensive doping course

This course provides an in-depth overview of the complex issue of doping in sports. With contributions from experts in the field, you'll gain a comprehensive understanding of the history, motivations, and consequences of doping.
Engaging videos and interactive quizzes
"Interviews with interesting people and striking examples to illustrate the subject."
"Excellent quality of videos, I like the little quizzes integrated into the video."
Covers a wide range of doping-related topics
"Module 1: Identification and definition of doping"
"Module 2: Why do athletes dope?"
"Module 3: Organizations against doping"
"Module 4: Bioanalytical and forensic approaches to doping"
Real-world cases and examples
"Includes an interview with Denis Hauw, Professor at the Institute of Sport Sciences of the University of Lausanne and specialist in sports psychology."
Explores doping from various perspectives
"An opportunity to observe how various disciplines approach the same object, from different angles and in a complementary way."
"Shows that doping is at the crossroads of multiple social, scientific, and legal issues."
In-depth knowledge from anti-doping experts
"The best specialists of the antidoping field intervene in this course."
"Interviews with Denis Hauw, Frédéric Donzé, Marc Vouillamoz, Matthieu Reeb and Olivier Aubel."
"Interviews with specialists of the Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses (LAD) in Lausanne (Switzerland)."

Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Dopage : Sports, Organisations et Sciences with these activities:
Review scientific writing basics
Refresh scientific or medical writing skills.
Browse courses on Writing
Show steps
  • Review terminology
  • Review general structure of research paper or grant
Gather resources
Start your preparation by gathering the resources you'll need for the course. This includes compiling review materials, articles, and presentations.
Show steps
  • Review the course syllabus
  • Identify the required readings
  • Locate and download the materials
Review basic concepts of pharmacology and toxicology
Many of the concepts in this course rely on a foundation in pharmacology and molecular biology. A stronger foundation will improve your course outcomes.
Browse courses on Pharmacology
Show steps
  • Review key principles of pharmacology
  • Review basic mechanisms of toxicity
Six other activities
Expand to see all activities and additional details
Show all nine activities
Solve practice problems on pharmacokinetics
Mathematical problems in pharmacokinetics can be tricky. Practicing these problems and reinforcing concepts will help you with the weekly assignments in the course
Browse courses on Pharmacokinetics
Show steps
  • Reivew lecture notes on pharmacokinetics
  • Solve practice problems from the textbook
  • Attempt the weekly practice quiz on pharmacokinetics
  • Seek help from classmates or instructor if needed
Complete short practice quizzes
Taking frequent short practice quizzes can support your understanding of the course content.
Show steps
  • Find practice quizzes online or create your own
  • Take the quizzes regularly
  • Review the feedback provided
Engage in discussion forums
Participating in discussions can help clarify concepts and foster a deeper understanding of doping.
Show steps
  • Read the discussion prompts carefully
  • Contribute thoughtful comments and questions
  • Respond to other participants' posts and engage in respectful dialogue
Engage with online videos on doping
Watching videos on doping will complement the materials covered in this course and provide additional insights.
Show steps
  • Search for reputable online videos on doping
  • Watch the videos and take notes
  • Reflect on the information presented and how it aligns with the course content
Create a diagram illustrating the mechanisms of toxicity
Creating visual aids and diagrams can help you solidify concepts and reinforce course materials.
Browse courses on Toxicology
Show steps
  • Research different mechanisms of toxicity
  • Design a diagram that illustrates the mechanisms
  • Review your diagram with a classmate or the instructor
  • Revise and finalize your diagram
Support fellow students in understanding doping concepts
Mentoring others not only reinforces your own understanding but also contributes to the learning community.
Show steps
  • Identify opportunities to assist classmates who may be struggling with course content
  • Provide clear explanations, share your notes, or suggest helpful resources
  • Create a study group or host virtual sessions to facilitate collaborative learning

Career center

Learners who complete Dopage : Sports, Organisations et Sciences will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:
Forensic Scientist
As a Forensic Scientist, you will likely work in a laboratory setting, collecting and testing evidence from crime scenes. By learning about the history of doping, including the use of performance-enhancing substances, you will be better prepared to collect materials relevant to your case. You will also be able to use your knowledge of detection methods to ensure that you gather the best evidence to support an investigation.
Pharmaceutical Researcher
Pharmaceutical Researchers design, develop, and test drugs and medicines that treat and prevent illness. Knowledge of doping agents, gained from this course, can help you to stay on top of regulatory changes and ensure that the medications you develop are both safe and effective.
Sports Nutritionist
As a Sports Nutritionist, you will help athletes optimize their performance by providing them with personalized nutrition plans. The insights you gain about doping in this course can help you understand the dangers of performance-enhancing drugs, and you can use this knowledge to educate your clients about the benefits of a healthy diet.
Sports Agent
As a Sports Agent, you will represent the interests of athletes, helping them to negotiate contracts, manage their finances, and plan their careers. The knowledge you gain about sports organizations and the fight against doping can help you to protect your clients from potential risks and ensure that they are treated fairly.
Sports Journalist
As a Sports Journalist, you will inform the public about sports and sporting events. The knowledge you gain about doping in this course can help you to critically analyze sports news and to report on the issue in a balanced and informative way.
Athletic Trainer
As an Athletic Trainer, you will provide medical care to athletes and help them prevent and recover from injuries. The understanding you gain about doping in this course can help you to recognize the signs and symptoms of performance-enhancing drug use and to educate your patients about the dangers of these substances.
Doctor
As a Doctor, you will diagnose and treat a wide range of illnesses and injuries. The knowledge you gain about doping in this course can help you to identify the signs and symptoms of performance-enhancing drug use and to prescribe appropriate treatment.
Lawyer
As a Lawyer, you will represent clients in court and help them to resolve legal disputes. The knowledge you gain about doping in this course can help you to understand the legal framework surrounding doping and to represent your clients effectively.
Teacher
As a Teacher, you will educate students about a variety of subjects. The knowledge you gain about doping in this course can help you to teach your students about the dangers of performance-enhancing drugs and to promote healthy habits.
Coach
As a Coach, you will help athletes improve their skills and achieve their goals. The knowledge you gain about doping in this course can help you to create a positive and supportive training environment and to educate your athletes about the dangers of performance-enhancing drugs.
Sports Administrator
As a Sports Administrator, you will manage the operations of sports organizations. The knowledge you gain about doping in this course can help you to develop and implement anti-doping policies and procedures.
Sports Psychologist
As a Sports Psychologist, you will help athletes improve their mental health and well-being. The knowledge you gain about doping in this course can help you to understand the psychological factors that can lead to doping and to develop strategies to help athletes cope with the pressures of competition.
Sports Broadcaster
As a Sports Broadcaster, you will provide commentary and analysis of sporting events. The knowledge you gain about doping in this course can help you to provide informed and impartial coverage of the issue.
Sports Marketer
As a Sports Marketer, you will develop and implement marketing campaigns for sports organizations and products. The knowledge you gain about doping in this course can help you to create marketing messages that are ethical and responsible.
Sports Historian
As a Sports Historian, you will research and write about the history of sports. The knowledge you gain about doping in this course can help you to understand the origins of the issue and its impact on the development of sports.

Reading list

We've selected seven books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Dopage : Sports, Organisations et Sciences.
Cet ouvrage présente un historique du dopage et analyse les causes et les conséquences de cette pratique dans le sport. Il propose également des pistes de réflexion pour lutter contre ce fléau.
Ce livre fournit une analyse historique et culturelle du dopage dans le sport, explorant les facteurs sociaux et culturels qui ont façonné cette pratique.
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Ce guide pratique explique les principes fondamentaux du Code mondial antidopage, fournissant une compréhension claire des règles et règlements en vigueur.
Ce livre examine la place du sport dans la société, y compris le rôle du sport dans la promotion de la santé et la lutte contre les méfaits du dopage.
Provides an introduction to the issue of drugs in sports, covering the history of doping, the different types of drugs used, and the methods for detecting them.
This report examines the role of science in the fight against doping in sports, including the development of new methods for detecting drugs and the use of genetic testing to identify athletes who are at risk of doping.

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