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Alessandra Pagliano

Il corso affronta lo studio di due discipline solo apparentemente lontane da loro. La prima, la più giovane per codificazione scientifica, avvenuta solo nel XIX secolo, è stata denominata “Archeoastronomia”, ovvero la scienza che studia gli allineamenti astronomici di alcuni particolati edifici del passato e il loro significato. Si registra oggi una crescente importanza di tale disciplina da quando architetti, archeologi e studiosi di astronomia si sono resi conto che l’archeoastronomia fornisce una chiave di lettura spesso nuova e inaspettata della forma e della funzione di molti monumenti del passato. Dopo una parte propedeutica di introduzione alla astronomia, in particolar modo ai modelli geometrici usati per lo studio dei suoi fenomeni connessi alle due discipline oggetto del corso, quali ad esempio il movimento apparente del Sole e delle stelle, vengono affrontati alcuni esempi come casi studio. In particolare il corso propone tre ricerche innovative e inedite sul circolo di pietre megalitico di Callanish in Scozia, sulla chiesa Rupestre di San Nicola di Myra nelle vicinanze della citta pugliese di Mottola e sull’osservatorio astronomico Maya di Cichen Itza, dal 1988 patrimonio dell’umanità UNSECO. La seconda parte del corso è dedicata alla gnomonica, ovvero la scienza per la costruzione degli orologi solari, che si basa sui medesimi processi geometrici analizzati per il moto apparente del Sole. Il corso ne illustra il funzionamento di una larga gamma di diverse tipologie di orologi solari e fornisce quelle conoscenze indispensabili per poter nuovamente leggere la misura del tempo grazie a questi sofisticati strumenti artistici e, al contempo scientifici, del passato. Vengono inoltre descritte alcune meridiane monumentali della città di Napoli, costruite entrambe nel XVII secolo ad opera di eminenti studiosi operanti in quei tempi nel fiorente clima culturale della corte del Borboni, la prima collocata nella Certosa di San Martino e la seconda nel Gran Salone del Museo Archeologico Nazionale_MANN.

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Il corso affronta lo studio di due discipline solo apparentemente lontane da loro. La prima, la più giovane per codificazione scientifica, avvenuta solo nel XIX secolo, è stata denominata “Archeoastronomia”, ovvero la scienza che studia gli allineamenti astronomici di alcuni particolati edifici del passato e il loro significato. Si registra oggi una crescente importanza di tale disciplina da quando architetti, archeologi e studiosi di astronomia si sono resi conto che l’archeoastronomia fornisce una chiave di lettura spesso nuova e inaspettata della forma e della funzione di molti monumenti del passato. Dopo una parte propedeutica di introduzione alla astronomia, in particolar modo ai modelli geometrici usati per lo studio dei suoi fenomeni connessi alle due discipline oggetto del corso, quali ad esempio il movimento apparente del Sole e delle stelle, vengono affrontati alcuni esempi come casi studio. In particolare il corso propone tre ricerche innovative e inedite sul circolo di pietre megalitico di Callanish in Scozia, sulla chiesa Rupestre di San Nicola di Myra nelle vicinanze della citta pugliese di Mottola e sull’osservatorio astronomico Maya di Cichen Itza, dal 1988 patrimonio dell’umanità UNSECO. La seconda parte del corso è dedicata alla gnomonica, ovvero la scienza per la costruzione degli orologi solari, che si basa sui medesimi processi geometrici analizzati per il moto apparente del Sole. Il corso ne illustra il funzionamento di una larga gamma di diverse tipologie di orologi solari e fornisce quelle conoscenze indispensabili per poter nuovamente leggere la misura del tempo grazie a questi sofisticati strumenti artistici e, al contempo scientifici, del passato. Vengono inoltre descritte alcune meridiane monumentali della città di Napoli, costruite entrambe nel XVII secolo ad opera di eminenti studiosi operanti in quei tempi nel fiorente clima culturale della corte del Borboni, la prima collocata nella Certosa di San Martino e la seconda nel Gran Salone del Museo Archeologico Nazionale_MANN.

This course combines two independent subjects whose distance from each other is only apparent. The first, archeoastronomy, was scientifically codified in the XIXth century and it is the study of the astronomical alignments of some peculiar buildings from the past along with their meaning. This discipline has been gaining more and more attention since architects, archeologists and astronomy scholars realized that archeoastronomy permits to have a new and unexpected perspective on the shape and functions of many monuments. After a preparatory introduction to astronomy and to the geometrical models used to study the phenomena connected to these two disciplines such as the apparent motion of the sun and the stars, the students will be presented with three innovative and unpublished researches on the circle of megalithic stones in Callanish (Scotland), on Saint Nicholas from Myra rock church near Mottola (Apulia) and on the Mayan astronomical observatory of Cichen Itza (Unesco World Heritage Site since 1988).The second part of this course is dedicated to gnomonics, i.e. the study of the sundials construction which is based on the same geometrical processes analyzed in the apparent motion of the sun. This MOOC will then show how several types of sundials work so as to enable the students to read the time through these sophisticated artistic and scientific tools from the past. Moreover, the users will also be introduced to two monumental sundials in Naples that were built in the XVIIth century by the eminent scholars that were then active in the thriving court of the Bourbons: the Charterhouse of Saint Martin’s sundial and the one kept in the Great Hall of the National Archaelogical Museum (MANN).

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Learning objectives

  • • gli allineamenti astronomici di particolari edifici del passato e il loro significato• i meccanismi e i modelli geometrici per la misurazione del tempo e l’apparizione dei fenomeni luminosi • la costruzione degli orologi solari.
  • In this course you will learn:• the astronomic alignments of peculiar buildings from the past and their meaning;• the mechanisms and the geometrical models for the measurement of time and the appearance of luminous phenomena;• sundials construction.

Good to know

Know what's good
, what to watch for
, and possible dealbreakers
Questo corso è una combinazione unica di archeoastronomia e gnomonica, due discipline complementari che offrono una nuova prospettiva sulla storia e sulla scienza
Il corso è tenuto da Alessandra Pagliano, una rinomata storica dell'architettura specializzata in archeoastronomia
Gli argomenti trattati offrono una conoscenza approfondita di come l'astronomia e la misurazione del tempo abbiano influenzato le costruzioni antiche e moderne
Il corso prevede lo studio di casi concreti, come i cerchi di pietre di Callanish e l'osservatorio astronomico Maya di Cichen Itza, che forniscono esempi tangibili dei principi astronomici
La seconda parte sul gnomonica fornisce informazioni pratiche su come costruire e utilizzare gli orologi solari, rendendo il corso rilevante anche per coloro che sono interessati alla pratica della gnomonica
Il corso è accessibile a coloro che hanno una conoscenza di base di astronomia e matematica

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Activities

Be better prepared before your course. Deepen your understanding during and after it. Supplement your coursework and achieve mastery of the topics covered in Archeoastronomia e Orologi Solari with these activities:
Consolidate Astronomy Knowledge
Reviewing basic astronomy skills will strengthen your knowledge as you progress in the course.
Browse courses on Observational Astronomy
Show steps
  • Review angular measurements on the celestial sphere.
  • Practice applying different coordinate systems.
AstroTime
Follow guided tutorials to better understand complex models used in archeoastronomy.
Browse courses on Astronomy
Show steps
  • Familiarize yourself with the AstroTime tutorials.
  • Follow the tutorials step by step.
  • Apply what you've learned to the course material.
Astronomical Phenomena Simulations
Using simulations to visualize astronomical phenomena will deepen your understanding and help you retain the information better.
Show steps
  • Use Stellarium or a similar software to simulate the night sky at different times and locations.
  • Experiment with changing the observer's latitude and longitude.
  • Predict upcoming astronomical events, such as a solar or lunar eclipse.
Three other activities
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Show all six activities
Review the gnomonic projection
Refresh your knowledge of the gnomonic projection to strengthen your understanding of the apparent motion of the sun and its representation on sundials.
Show steps
  • Review the equations for the gnomonic projection.
  • Practice plotting points on the gnomonic projection.
  • Calculate the gnomonic projection of a given point.
Build a Megalithic Site Model
Creating a model of a megalithic site will help you understand the principles of archaeoastronomy and gain hands-on experience in applying them.
Show steps
  • Choose a megalithic site to model.
  • Gather information about the site's location, orientation, and astronomical alignments.
  • Use cardboard or other materials to build a scale model of the site.
  • Test the model's alignments using a light source or laser pointer.
Solve archeoastronomical problems
Solve archeoastronomical problems to develop your critical thinking and problem-solving skills in deciphering the astronomical alignments of ancient structures.
Show steps
  • Identify the astronomical phenomena that are relevant to the problem.
  • Gather data about the structure and its location.
  • Apply the principles of archeoastronomy to solve the problem.
  • Draw conclusions and present your findings.

Career center

Learners who complete Archeoastronomia e Orologi Solari will develop knowledge and skills that may be useful to these careers:
Astronomy Professor
An Astronomy Professor is a teacher and researcher who specializes in astronomy, typically at a college or university. This course would be incredibly useful for an Astronomy Professor by providing new information on archeoastronomy and sundials for introducing to students or incorporating into ongoing research.
Solar Energy Engineer
A Solar Energy Engineer designs, installs, and maintains solar energy systems, which convert sunlight into electricity or heat. This course may be useful for a Solar Energy Engineer by giving them a better understanding of the sun's movement and how to maximize the efficiency of solar energy systems.
Surveyor
A Surveyor measures and maps the Earth's surface, using a variety of tools and techniques. This course may be useful for a Surveyor by giving them a better understanding of the sun's movement and how to use it to accurately survey land.
Historian
A Historian researches, analyzes, interprets, and writes about the past by studying historical documents and sources.
Archaeologist
An Archaeologist studies past peoples and cultures by excavating and examining material remains such as buildings, artifacts, and monuments. This course may be useful for an Archaeologist by helping them understand the astronomical significance of ancient structures and monuments.
Astronomer
An Astrophysicist studies the universe and its contents, including stars, galaxies, and planets, by using telescopes and other instruments to collect data about their properties.
Science Teacher
A Science Teacher plans and teaches science课程 and provides instruction to students at all levels from kindergarten through college. This course may be useful for a Science Teacher who wishes to incorporate archeoastronomy or sundials into their science curriculum.
Geophysicist
A Geophysicist studies the Earth's physical properties and processes, including its atmosphere, oceans, and landmasses, using a variety of methods including field observations, laboratory experiments, and computer modeling.
Writer
A Writer writes creative content, such as novels, short stories, poems, plays, and screenplays, as well as non-creative content, such as articles, blog posts, and website content. This course may be useful for a Writer who wishes to learn more about the history of archeoastronomy and sundials and how to incorporate them into their writing.
Architect
An Architect plans and designs buildings and other structures along with overseeing the construction process. This course on archeoastronomy would be particularly beneficial for an Architect who wishes to pursue new and innovative design techniques and incorporate astronomical design elements into new work.
Tour Guide
A Tour Guide leads groups of people on tours of historical, cultural, or natural sites and provides information about the site's history, culture, or natural features. This course may be useful for a Tour Guide who wishes to learn more about the history of archeoastronomy and sundials and how to incorporate them into their tours.
Sustainability Consultant
A Sustainability Consultant advises organizations on how to reduce their environmental impact and become more sustainable. This course may be useful for a Sustainability Consultant who wishes to learn more about the history of sustainable practices and how to incorporate them into modern organizations.
Park Ranger
A Park Ranger protects and preserves natural and cultural resources and provides information and assistance to visitors in national parks and other protected areas. This course may be useful for a Park Ranger who wishes to lead innovative new initiatives and programs.
Museum curator
A Museum Curator is responsible for planning and managing environmental control over museum collections, as well as the display of museum artifacts. This course may be useful for a Museum Curator who wishes to lead innovative new initiatives and programs.
Museum Collections Manager
Museum Collections Managers develop, implement and directs new initiatives and programs for a museum, gallery, or other exhibition space. They oversee museum and gallery operations, to include collection management and preservation, exhibition design, and public programming. This course on archeoastronomy and sundials may be useful for an individual in this role who wishes to lead innovative new initiatives and programs.

Reading list

We've selected 13 books that we think will supplement your learning. Use these to develop background knowledge, enrich your coursework, and gain a deeper understanding of the topics covered in Archeoastronomia e Orologi Solari.
Questo libro fornisce un’introduzione completa alla costruzione e teoria degli orologi solari, fornendo le basi per la parte del corso dedicata alla gnomonica.
Presents a detailed examination of the astronomical knowledge of the ancient world, covering topics such as the development of calendars, the use of astronomy in navigation, and the construction of observatories.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the field of archeoastronomy, including its history, methods, and major findings. It valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about this fascinating subject.
Explores the relationship between archeoastronomy and ethnoastronomy, examining how the two disciplines can be used to better understand the relationship between humans and the cosmos.
Questo volume esplora le connessioni tra astronomia e mitologia, fornendo spunti interessanti sull’importanza della conoscenza astronomica nelle culture antiche e sulla sua influenza sulla vita quotidiana.
Explores the role of astronomy in ancient civilizations around the world. It fascinating read for anyone interested in the history of science and culture.
Presents a detailed study of megaliths and their possible astronomical alignments. It valuable resource for anyone interested in archeoastronomy.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the field of archeoastronomy, covering topics such as the history of the discipline, the methods used by archeoastronomers, and the major findings of the field.
Questo libro esplora l’astronomia antica in Gran Bretagna, fornendo esempi di siti archeoastronomici simili a Callanish, trattato nel corso.
Quest’opera classica sull’astronomia di Stonehenge fornisce un’analisi dettagliata degli allineamenti astronomici del sito, offrendo approfondimenti sulla sua importanza archeoastronomica.
Quest’opera offre un’analisi approfondita delle strutture megalitiche europee, comprese le implicazioni archeoastronomiche.
Provides a practical guide to making your own sundials. It great resource for anyone interested in learning more about sundials and how to build them.
Sebbene non sia direttamente collegato alla gnomonica, questo libro fornisce un utile contesto storico per comprendere l’evoluzione degli strumenti astronomici.

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